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. (2011). Detection of age-related duplications in mtDNA from human muscles and bones.
. International journal of legal medicine, 125(2), 293–300.
Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Aging: genetics, Child, Preschool, DNA, Mitochondrial, DNA, Mitochondrial: genetics, Female, Humans, Intercostal Muscles, Intercostal Muscles: metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Point Mutation, Ribs, Ribs: metabolism, Young Adult,
Programme: 1038
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Bouakaze C, Keyser C, de Martino S J, Sougakoff W, Veziris N, Dabernat H, Ludes B, . (2010). Identification and Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Species by Use of a SNaPshot Minisequencing-Based Assay
. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 48(5), 1758–1766.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the use of the SNaPshot minisequencing method for the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates to the species level and for further genotyping of M. tuberculosis isolates. We developed an innovative strategy based on two multiplex allele-specific minisequencing assays that allowed detection of eight species-specific and eight lineage-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Each assay consisted of an eightplex PCR amplification, followed by an eightplex minisequencing reaction with the SNaPshot multiplex kit (Applied Biosystems) and, finally, analysis of the extension products by capillary electrophoresis. The whole strategy was developed with a panel of 56 MTBC strains and 15 negative controls. All MTBC strains tested except one M. africanum clinical isolate were accurately identified to the species level, and all M. tuberculosis isolates were successfully further genotyped. This two-step strategy based on SNaPshot minisequencing allows the simultaneous differentiation of closely related members of the MTBC, the distinction between principal genetic groups, and the characterization of M. tuberculosis isolates into one of the seven prominent SNP cluster groups (SCGs) and could be a useful tool for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes.
Programme: 1038
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. (2011). Molecular Identification of Bacteria by Total Sequence Screening: Determining the Cause of Death in Ancient Human Subjects
. 1932-6203, 6(7), e21733–.
Abstract: Research of ancient pathogens in ancient human skeletons has been mainly carried out on the basis of one essential historical or archaeological observation, permitting specific pathogens to be targeted. Detection of ancient human pathogens without such evidence is more difficult, since the quantity and quality of ancient DNA, as well as the environmental bacteria potentially present in the sample, limit the analyses possible. Using human lung tissue and/or teeth samples from burials in eastern Siberia, dating from the end of 17th to the 19th century, we propose a methodology that includes the: 1) amplification of all 16S rDNA gene sequences present in each sample; 2) identification of all bacterial DNA sequences with a degree of identity ≥95%, according to quality criteria; 3) identification and confirmation of bacterial pathogens by the amplification of the rpoB gene; and 4) establishment of authenticity criteria for ancient DNA. This study demonstrates that from teeth samples originating from ancient human subjects, we can realise: 1) the correct identification of bacterial molecular sequence signatures by quality criteria; 2) the separation of environmental and pathogenic bacterial 16S rDNA sequences; 3) the distribution of bacterial species for each subject and for each burial; and 4) the characterisation of bacteria specific to the permafrost. Moreover, we identified three pathogens in different teeth samples by 16S rDNA sequence amplification: Bordetella sp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and Shigella dysenteriae. We tested for the presence of these pathogens by amplifying the rpoB gene. For the first time, we confirmed sequences from Bordetella pertussis in the lungs of an ancient male Siberian subject, whose grave dated from the end of the 17th century to the early 18th century.
Programme: 1038
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. (2011). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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. (2012).
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. (2013).
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. (2012). Variola Virus in a 300-Year-Old Siberian Mummy
. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 367(21), 2057–2059.
Abstract: To the Editor: Smallpox, which is caused by the variola virus of the Poxviridae family and the orthopoxvirus genus, is among the most devastating human diseases. It may have originated and spread from Egypt, the Near East, or the Indus Valley 3000 to 4000 years ago, and historical reports indicate epidemics in China as early as the first century A.D. and in Europe during the 6th century. By the mid-18th century, smallpox was a worldwide endemic disease. It was eradicated after vaccination campaigns began more than 200 years ago.1 Variola DNA is about 186 kbp, with genes distributed across conserved . . .
Programme: 1038
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. (2013). Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, 41(3), 140–150.
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. (2013). Close genetic relationships in vast territories: autosomal and X chromosome Alu diversity in Yakuts from Siberia
. Anthropologischer Anzeiger, 70(3), 309–317.
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Jaouen Klervia, Gibert Morgane, Lamboux Aline, Telouk Philippe, Fourel Francois, Albarede Francis, Alekseev Anatoly N, Crubezy Eric, Balter Vincent, . (2013). Is aging recorded in blood Cu and Zn isotope compositions?
. Metallomics, 5(8), 1016–1024.
Abstract: Recent isotopic observations of animal samples indicate body accumulation of heavy zinc and light copper throughout life. This hypothesis has never been tested for humans, but the existence of a relationship between blood isotopic composition and age could be promising for age assessment methodologies. Dietary habits can also influence the blood zinc isotope composition, being an additional source of isotopic variation. In order to reduce this putative source of variation, we selected a population living in an isolated area (Sakha Republic, Russia) where diverse foods are of limited availability. We sampled blood from 8 male and 31 female Yakut volunteers between the ages of 18 and 74. Zinc, iron and copper were purified by liquid chromatography on ion exchange resin and their stable isotope ratios were measured using multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. According to observations of animal samples, the 66Zn/64Zn ratio increases with age. We also observe that the 65Cu/63Cu ratio decreases with age, whereas iron isotopic compositions are unrelated to age. The copper and zinc isotope compositions of the Yakut's blood are significantly lighter and heavier, respectively, than in samples of European and Japanese populations. The Yakut is a circumpolar population in which individuals have an elevated basal metabolic rate in response to cold stress. This elevated basal metabolic rate could enhance copper and zinc isotopic fractionation by accelerating the turnover of the copper and zinc stores.
Programme: 1038
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