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Hagelberg Erika, Hofreiter Michael, Keyser Christine, . (2015). Ancient DNA: the first three decades. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci., 370(1660), 20130371.
Abstract: When Russell Higuchi, Allan Wilson and co-workers reported the molecular cloning of a small fragment of DNA from a piece of dry tissue of a quagga, an extinct member of the horse family [[1][1]], they could hardly imagine that 30 years later several hundred scientists would meet at The Royal Society
Programme: 1038
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Prat P., Charrier M., Deleporte S. & Frenot Y. (2002). Digestive carbohydrase in two epigeic earthworm species of the Kerguelen Islands (Subantarctic). Pedobiologia (Jena), 46, 417–427.
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Fromont E., Morvilliers L., Artois M. & Pontier D. (2001). Parasite richness and abundance in insular and mainland feral cats: insulary or density? Parasitology, 123, 143–151.
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Afonso E., Thulliez P., Pontier D., Gilot-Fromont E. (2007). Toxoplasmosis in prey species and consequences for prevalence in feral cats: not all preys are equal. Parasitology. Parasitology, 134, 1963–1971.
Abstract: Nous avons étudié l'infestation chez les chats capturés de 1994 à 2004 dans chaque site, et les anticorps IgG anti T.gondii ont été détectés dans le sérum en utilisant un test d'agglutination. La prévalence globale est égale à 51%. Malgré la faible densité de la population de chats, la transmission de la toxoplasmose est remarquablement efficace à Kerguelen comparativement aux chats de métropole: la plupart des individus séroconvertissent avant l'âge de trois ans. Comme attendu, la séroprévalence diffère entre les sites, selon le régime alimentaire et également selon le sexe, une fois pris en compte l'effet de l'âge. A Ratmanoff, où le lapin représente 50% des espèces retrouvées dans le régime alimentaire, les chats sont moins souvent infectés que dans les autres sites (Port-aux-français, Port Couvreux et Port Jeanne d'Arc où le lapin constitue plus de 90% du régime alimentaire) (Figure 1). Les mâles sont plus souvent infectés que les femelles et la différence entre sexes tend à être plus prononcée dans le site où un nombre plus important d'espèces de proies est disponible (Ratmanoff). Une différence dans l'efficacité de prédation entre mâles et femelles peut expliquer ce résultat. De façon générale, nos résultats suggèrent que la composition en proies influence le risque d'infectiondu chat à T. gondii. La composition en proies devrait donc être considérée comme un facteur majeur pour comprendre la dynamique d'infection de T. gondii.
Programme: 279
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Landais A, Waelbroeck C, Masson-Delmotte V. (2006). On the limits of Antarctic and marine climate records synchronization: Lag estimates during marine isotopic stages 5d and 5c. Paleoceanography, 21, 1001.
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Lorius C., Jouzel J. & Raynaud D. (1993). Glacials-interglacials in Vostok:climate and greenhouse gases. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol, 7, 131–143.
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Struck U., Sarnthein M., Westerhausen L., Barnola J.M. & Raynaud D. (1993). Ocean-atmosphere carbon exchange:impact of the 'biological pump'in the Atlantic equatorial upwelling belt over the last 330,000. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol, 103, 41–56.
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. (2011). Annually resolved 13Cshell chronologies of long-lived bivalve mollusks (Arctica islandica) reveal oceanic carbon dynamics in the temperate North Atlantic during recent centuries
. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol, 302(12), 31–42.
Keywords: Sclerochronology, Stable carbon isotope ratio, Carbon dioxide, Dissolved inorganic carbon, Oceanic Suess effect,
Programme: 1090
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Cottin Manuelle, Kato Akiko, Thierry Anne-Mathilde, Maho Yvon Le, Raclot Thierry, Ropert-Coudert Yan, . (2011). Ornithol Sci, 10(1), 3–11.
Abstract: The amount of energy that organisms can allocate to self-maintenance and/or reproduction largely depends on their foraging strategies. Because of corticosterone (CORT) involvement in the control of energy metabolism, food intake and locomotor activity, recent studies have sought to demonstrate the role of this hormone in foraging decisions and performance. Moreover, considerable recent advances in animal-attached loggers now allow the study of behaviour in free-living animals. In order to assess the effects of CORT administration on the foraging behaviour of free-living Adelie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae, we studied a group with CORT implants and a control group without CORT implants, by attaching time-depth recorders to the two groups and monitoring them throughout up to seven consecutive foraging trips during the guard stage (in Adelie Land, Antarctica). We found that foraging trips duration was similar between both groups. Dive durations, time spent at the bottom phase of dives, and the number of undulations per dive of CORT-implanted birds were all significantly higher than those of controls. However, CORT-implanted birds performed fewer dives overall (ca. 4,400) than controls (ca. 6,250) and spent many (13 and 6 times for penguins #3 and #4, respectively) long periods (>3 h) without diving. The low foraging effort and long resting periods support the view that CORT-implanted birds probably gained less energy than did the control birds. CORT treatment appears then to result in redirecting bird behaviour from costly activity (i.e. reproduction) to a behaviour promoting the preservation of energy reserves. Future studies are therefore needed to assess body condition and reproductive success of CORT-manipulated birds in parallel with the recording of their diving performances.
Programme: 137
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. (2014). Do Introduced Mammals Chronically Impact the Breeding Success of the World's Rarest Albatross?
. Ornithol Sci, 13(1), 41–46.
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