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Author |
Preunkert S, Legrand M, Frey M M, Kukui A, Savarino J, Gallée H, King M, Jourdain B, Vicars W, Helmig D, |
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Title |
Formaldehyde (HCHO) in air, snow, and interstitial air at Concordia (East Antarctic Plateau) in summer
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year  |
2015 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
6689-6705 |
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Abstract |
During the 2011/12 and 2012/13 austral summers, HCHO was investigated for the first time in ambient air, snow, and interstitial air at the Concordia site, located near Dome C on the East Antarctic Plateau, by deploying an Aerolaser AL-4021 analyzer. Snow emission fluxes were estimated from vertical gradients of mixing ratios observed at 1 cm and 1 m above the snow surface as well as in interstitial air a few centimeters below the surface and in air just above the snowpack. Typical flux values range between 1 and 2 × 1012 molecules m-2 s-1 at night and 3 and 5 × 1012 molecules m-2 s-1 at noon. Shading experiments suggest that the photochemical HCHO production in the snowpack at Concordia remains negligible compared to temperature-driven air–snow exchanges. At 1 m above the snow surface, the observed mean mixing ratio of 130 pptv and its diurnal cycle characterized by a slight decrease around noon are quite well reproduced by 1-D simulations that include snow emissions and gas-phase methane oxidation chemistry. Simulations indicate that the gas-phase production from CH4 oxidation largely contributes (66%) to the observed HCHO mixing ratios. In addition, HCHO snow emissions account for ~ 30% at night and ~ 10% at noon to the observed HCHO levels. |
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Programme |
903 |
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Publisher |
Copernicus GmbH |
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ISSN |
1680-7316 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6158 |
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