TY  - STD
AU  - Thierry Boulinier, Sarah Kada
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Migration, prospecting, dispersal? What types of host movement matter for the circulation of infectious disease agents?
N2  - Invited talk for the symposium entitled 'Are migratory animals superspreaders of infection?' of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB) meeting in Portland, Oregon, January 2016.Abstract: Spatial disease ecology is emerging as a new field that requires the integration of complementary approaches to address how the distribution and movements of hosts and parasites may condition the dynamics of their interactions. In this context, migration, the seasonal movement of animals to different zones of their distribution, is assumed to play a key role in the broad scale circulation of parasites and pathogens. Nevertheless, migration is not the only type of host movement that can influence the spatial ecology, evolution and epidemiology of infectious diseases. Dispersal, the movement of individuals between a location where they were born or bred to a location where they breed, has attracted attention as another important type of movement for the spatial dynamics of infectious diseases. Host dispersal has notably been identified as a key factor for the evolution of host-parasite interactions as it implies gene flow among local host populations and thus a potential for coevolution with infectious agents in a spatial setting. But not all movements between host populations lead to dispersal <i> per se </i>. One type of host movement that has been neglected but that may also play a role in parasite spread is prospecting, i.e. movements targeted at selecting and securing habitat for future breeding. Prospecting movements, which have been studied in detail in certain social species, could result in the dispersal of infectious agents among different host populations without necessarily involving host dispersal. In this paper, we outline how these various types of host movements might influence the circulation of infectious disease agents and discuss methodological approaches that could be used to assess their importance. We specifically focus on examples from work on colonial seabirds, ticks and tick-borne infectious agents. These are indeed convenient biological models because they are clearly spatially structured and involve relatively simple communities of interacting species. Overall, we highlight that a detailed consideration of the behavioral and population ecology of hosts and parasites is required to disentangle the relative role of different types of movements for the spread of infectious diseases.
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ID  - ThierryBoulinier2016
ER  -