TY  - JOUR
AU  - Winkworth Richard C, Hennion Françoise
PY  - 2015//
TI  - Explaining the disjunct distributions of austral plants: the roles of Antarctic and direct dispersal routes
JO  - Journal of Biogeography
SP  - 1197
EP  - 1209
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
N2  - Aim. Dispersal explains the disjunct distributions of many austral plant lineages.However, the role of Antarctica is largely uncertain and the routes ofdispersal have remained speculative. Based on niche conservatism we can makepredictions about the timing of disjunction establishment, as well as the availabilityof direct transoceanic, Antarctic stepping-stone, and out-of-Antarcticadispersal routes over time. We evaluate these predictions using moleculardivergence time estimates for the establishment of disjunct distributions acrossmultiple plant lineages.Location. Southern Hemisphere.Methods. We estimated the timing of disjunction establishment and determinedhabitat affinities for 72 austral plant groups. We used Wilcoxon ranksum tests to compare the timing of disjunction establishment between coldand temperate climate lineages for the full data set, as well as within severalsubsets. We compared our results with those from a literature survey.Results. As niche conservatism predicts, the timing of disjunction establishmentin cold and temperate climate austral lineages is consistent with the availabilityof the corresponding habitats over time. Our results also suggest thatdisjunction establishment has involved a combination of Antarctic and directdispersal routes. For cold climate lineages, both out-of-Antarctica and directdispersal routes are required to explain the observed estimates, while steppingstone routes cannot be ruled out. It appears that for these lineages the importanceof the three dispersal routes differs with environmental, geographical andtemporal context.Main conclusions. Both direct and Antarctic dispersal routes are necessary toexplain the establishment of contemporary austral distributions. Evidence thatsome taxa were, until recently, restricted to Antarctica changes how we viewthe evolutionary histories of austral floras and the lineages they contain. Moreover,that we detect differences in the importance of alternative dispersal routessuggests that long-distance plant dispersal processes can be explicitly incorporatedinto models of climate change response.
SN  - 0305-0270
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12522
N1  - exported from refbase (http://publi.ipev.fr/polar_references/show.php?record=6142), last updated on Wed, 03 Jul 2024 16:08:15 +0200
ID  - WinkworthRichardC2015
ER  -