TY  - JOUR
AU  - Falk-Petersen, S.
AU  - Mayzaud, P.
AU  - Kattner, G.
AU  - Sargent, J. R.
PY  - 2009//
TI  - Lipids and life strategy of Arctic _Calanus_
JO  - Marine Biology Research
SP  - 18
EP  - 39
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PB  - Taylor & Francis
N2  - The three Arctic _Calanus_ species, _C. finmarchicus_ (Gunnerus, 1765), _C. glacialis_ (Jaschov, 1955), and _C. hyperboreus_, are the most important herbivores in Arctic seas in terms of species biomass. They play a key role in the lipid-based energy flux in the Arctic, converting low-energy carbohydrates and proteins in ice algae and phytoplankton into high-energy wax esters. In this paper we review the over-wintering strategy, seasonal migration, stage development, life span, feeding strategy, body size, lipid biochemistry and the geographic distribution of the three dominant _Calanus_ species in Arctic waters. We then relate these parameters to other biotic and abiotic factors, such as the timing of the Arctic phytoplankton and ice algae bloom, sea ice cover and climate variability. We also present new data on fatty acid and fatty alcohol content in the three _Calanus_ species in addition to reviewing the available literature on these topics. These data are analysed for species homogeneity and geographic grouping. The dominance of diatom fatty acid trophic markers in the lipids of _Calanus_ underpins the importance of diatoms as Arctic primary producers, even if dinoflagellates and _Phaeocystis pouchetii_ can also be important food sources for the calanoid copepods. We conclude that the Arctic _Calanus_ species are herbivores, engineered to feed on the Arctic bloom, and that the timing of the bloom is the most important factor in determining the life strategies of the individual species.
SN  - 1745-1000
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/17451000802512267
N1  - exported from refbase (http://publi.ipev.fr/polar_references/show.php?record=6052), last updated on Tue, 13 Apr 2010 11:57:41 +0200
ID  - Falk-Petersen_etal2009
ER  -