TY  - JOUR
AU  - Douglas Thomas A, Loseto Lisa L.
PY  - 2012//
TI  - The fate of mercury in Arctic terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, a review
T2  - Environ. Chem.
JO  - Environ. Chem.
SP  - 321
EP  - 355
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
KW  - bioavailability
KW  - biomagnification
KW  - demethylation
KW  - fresh water ecosystems
KW  - methylation
KW  - trophic processes.
KW  -
N2  - This review is the result of a series of multidisciplinary meetings organised by the Arctic Monitoring andAssessment Programme as part of their 2011 Assessment ‘Mercury in the Arctic’. This paper presents the state-of-the-artknowledge on the environmental fate of mercury following its entry into the Arctic by oceanic, atmospheric and terrestrialpathways. Our focus is on the movement, transformation and bioaccumulation of Hg in aquatic (marine and fresh water)and terrestrial ecosystems. The processes most relevant to biological Hg uptake and the potential risk associated with Hgexposure in wildlife are emphasised. We present discussions of the chemical transformations of newly deposited ortransported Hg in marine, fresh water and terrestrial environments and of the movement of Hg from air, soil and waterenvironmental compartments into food webs. Methylation, a key process controlling the fate of Hg in most ecosystems,and the role of trophic processes in controlling Hg in higher order animals are also included. Case studies on EasternBeaufort Sea beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) and landlocked Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) are presented as examples ofthe relationship between ecosystem trophic processes and biologic Hg levels. We examine whether atmospheric mercurydepletion events (AMDEs) contribute to increased Hg levels in Arctic biota and provide information on the links betweenorganic carbon and Hg speciation, dynamics and bioavailability. Long-term sequestration of Hg into non-biologicalarchives is also addressed. The review concludes by identifying major knowledge gaps in our understanding, including:(1) the rates of Hg entry into marine and terrestrial ecosystems and the rates of inorganic and MeHg uptake by Arcticmicrobial and algal communities; (2) the bioavailable fraction of AMDE-related Hg and its rate of accumulation by biotaand (3) the fresh water and marine MeHg cycle in the Arctic, especially the marine MeHg cycle.
SN  - 1448-2517
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/EN11140
N1  - exported from refbase (http://publi.ipev.fr/polar_references/show.php?record=4091), last updated on Mon, 29 Jul 2024 02:26:56 +0200
ID  - DouglasThomasA2012
ER  -