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Chastel O., Blévin P., Humann?Guilleminot S., Helfenstein F., Tartu S., Angelier F., Sebastiano M., Costantini D., Shaffer S., Bustamante P., Labadie P., Budzinski H., Herzke D., Moe B., Bustnes J.O., Gabrielsen G.W. . (2021). Contaminants of growing concern: Poly- and Perfluoroalkylated Substances (PFAS) and their physiological consequences in seabirds.
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A. Baranov, R. Tenzer, A. Morelli. (2021). Updated Antarctic crustal model (Vol. 89).
Keywords: Antarctica Crustal structure Gondwana Sediments
Programme: 133
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A. Barbero, J. Savarino, R. Grilli, C. Blouzon, G. Picard, M. M. Frey, Y. Huang, N. Caillon. (2021). New Estimation of the NOx Snow-Source on the Antarctic Plateau (Vol. 126).
Keywords: Antarctic Plateau flux chamber nitrate photolysis snowpack emissions
Programme: 1177
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A. Corbeau, J. Collet, F. Orgeret, P. Pistorius, H. Weimerskirch. (2021). Fine-scale interactions between boats and large albatrosses indicate variable susceptibility to bycatch risk according to species and populations (Vol. 24).
Keywords: albatross populations biologging bycatch assessment bycatch risk ecological trap fisheries fishing boat bycatch seabirds
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Diel at-sea activity of two species of great albatrosses: the ontogeny of foraging and movement behaviour (Vol. 52).
Abstract: The first year of life is a period of high mortality in animals. Reduced foraging capacities of naive individuals might be the primary cause of their mortality. These capacities are supposed to be progressively acquired during the first months of life. In this study, we investigate the ontogeny of flight capacities, by day and night, of first-year individuals, and compare it with adults from two closely related species of great albatrosses: Amsterdam Diomedea amsterdamensis and wandering Diomedea exulans albatrosses which forage in different environmental conditions. We used 71 tracks of 71 juvenile birds and 141 of 116 incubating adults to compare both age categories. In order to explore the effect of moon light on night activity, we elaborated a new formula which improves the precision of the proxy of moon illumination. By day, we found that juveniles of both species reach some adult foraging capacities in less than two months. By night, albatrosses have reduced activity increasing during the first weeks at sea for juveniles and changing in accordance with moon illumination for both juveniles and adults. A peak of flight activity at dawn and dusk was apparent for both species. Interspecific comparison underlined that Amsterdam albatrosses were more active than wandering albatrosses, suggesting a difference in food and foraging strategy. Overall, we highlighted how life history traits, environmental conditions and time of the day affect the foraging activity of two related species of seabirds.
Keywords: albatross diel activity pattern Diomedea flight behavior foraging activity moon illumination night activity seabirds
Programme: 109
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Afsaneh Mohammadzaheri, Karin Sigloch, Kasra Hosseini, Mitchell G. Mihalynuk. (2021). Subducted Lithosphere Under South America From Multifrequency P Wave Tomography (Vol. 126).
Keywords: Andes intra-arc intra-oceanic subduction seismic tomography South America structure of the mantel
Programme: 133
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Akers P., Savarino, J., Caillon, N. (2021). Reconstructing Antarctic snow accumulation using nitrogen isotopes of nitrate.
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Alain Manceau, Anne-Claire Gaillot, Pieter Glatzel, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante. (2021). (Vol. 55).
Abstract: In vivo and in vitro evidence for detoxification of methylmercury (MeHg) as insoluble mercury selenide (HgSe) underlies the central paradigm that mercury exposure is not or little hazardous when tissue Se is in molar excess (Se:Hg > 1). However, this hypothesis overlooks the binding of Hg to selenoproteins, which lowers the amount of bioavailable Se that acts as a detoxification reservoir for MeHg, thereby underestimating the toxicity of mercury. This question was addressed by determining the chemical forms of Hg in various tissues of giant petrels Macronectes spp. using a combination of high energy-resolution X-ray absorption near edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy coupled to elemental mapping. Three main Hg species were identified, a MeHg-cysteinate complex, a four-coordinate selenocysteinate complex (Hg(Sec)4), and a HgSe precipitate, together with a minor dicysteinate complex Hg(Cys)2. The amount of HgSe decreases in the order liver > kidneys > brain = muscle, and the amount of Hg(Sec)4 in the order muscle > kidneys > brain > liver. On the basis of biochemical considerations and structural modeling, we hypothesize that Hg(Sec)4 is bound to the carboxy-terminus domain of selenoprotein P (SelP) which contains 12 Sec residues. Structural flexibility allows SelP to form multinuclear Hgx(Se,Sec)y complexes, which can be biomineralized to HgSe by protein self-assembly. Because Hg(Sec)4 has a Se:Hg molar ratio of 4:1, this species severely depletes the stock of bioavailable Se for selenoprotein synthesis and activity to one ?g Se/g dry wet in the muscle of several birds. This concentration is still relatively high because selenium is naturally abundant in seawater, therefore it probably does not fall below the metabolic need for essential selenium. However, this study shows that this may not be the case for terrestrial animals, and that muscle may be the first tissue potentially injured by Hg toxicity.
Programme: 109
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Alain Manceau, Romain Brossier, Sarah E. Janssen, Tylor J. Rosera, David P. Krabbenhoft, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante, Brett A. Poulin. (2021). Mercury Isotope Fractionation by Internal Demethylation and Biomineralization Reactions in Seabirds: Implications for Environmental Mercury Science (Vol. 55).
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Alain Royer, Florent Domine, Alexandre Roy, Alexandre Langlois, Nicolas Marchand, Gautier Davesne. (2021). New northern snowpack classification linked to vegetation cover on a latitudinal mega-transect across northeastern Canada.
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