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Pengyang Song, Dmitry Sidorenko, Patrick Scholz, Maik Thomas, Gerrit Lohmann |
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Title |
The tidal effects in the Finite-volumE Sea ice–Ocean Model (FESOM2.1): a comparison between parameterised tidal mixing and explicit tidal forcing |
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2023 |
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Geoscientific Model Development |
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16 |
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1 |
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383-405 |
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Tides are proved to have a significant effect on the ocean and climate. Previous modelling research either adds a tidal mixing parameterisation or an explicit tidal forcing to the ocean models. However, no research compares the two approaches in the same framework. Here we implement both schemes in a general ocean circulation model and assess both methods by comparing the results. The aspects for comparison involve hydrography, sea ice, meridional overturning circulation (MOC), vertical diffusivity, barotropic streamfunction and energy diagnostics. We conclude that although the mesh resolution is poor in resolving internal tides in most mid-latitude and shelf-break areas, explicit tidal forcing still shows stronger tidal mixing at the Kuril–Aleutian Ridge and the Indonesian Archipelago than the tidal mixing parameterisation. Beyond that, the explicit tidal forcing method leads to a stronger upper cell of the Atlantic MOC by enhancing the Pacific MOC and the Indonesian Throughflow. Meanwhile, the tidal mixing parameterisation leads to a stronger lower cell of the Atlantic MOC due to the tidal mixing in deep oceans. Both methods maintain the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at a higher level than the control run by increasing the meridional density gradient. We also show several phenomena that are not considered in the tidal mixing parameterisation, for example, the changing of energy budgets in the ocean system, the bottom drag induced mixing on the continental shelves and the sea ice transport by tidal motions. Due to the limit of computational capacity, an internal-tide-resolving simulation is not feasible for climate studies. However, a high-resolution short-term tidal simulation is still required to improve parameters and parameterisation schemes in climate studies. |
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1991-959X |
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yes |
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8643 |
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Pepen Supendi, Nicholas Rawlinson, Bambang Setiyo Prayitno, Dimas Sianipar, Andrean Simanjuntak, Sri Widiyantoro, Kadek Hendrawan Palgunadi, Andri Kurniawan, Hasbi Ash Shiddiqi, Andri Dian Nugraha, David P. Sahara, Daryono Daryono, Rahmat Triyono, Suko Prayitno Adi, Dwikorita Karnawati, Gatut Daniarsyad, Suaidi Ahadi, Iman Fatchurochman, Suci Dewi Anugrah, Nova Heryandoko, Ajat Sudrajat |
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A previously unidentified fault revealed by the February 25, 2022 (Mw 6.1) Pasaman Earthquake, West Sumatra, Indonesia |
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2023 |
Publication |
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors |
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334 |
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106973 |
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Earthquake Focal mechanism Kajai Fault Relocation Rupture Stress-change |
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A destructive earthquake (Mw 6.1) struck Pasaman, West Sumatra, Indonesia, on 25 February 2022, resulting in at least 18 deaths and damage to 1765 buildings. Our relocated foreshock, mainshock, and aftershocks and their source mechanisms reveal a previously unknown ∼20 km long segment of the Sumatran Fault as a result of dextral strike-slip motion (strike N132oE and dip 72oSW) along what we have called the Kajai Fault. The inverted rupture model indicates a single, compact asperity with an approximate depth range of 2–11 km. This asperity extends ∼14 km along strike, and ∼9 km in the down-dip direction. The Coulomb stress change of the mainshock shows that areas to the north and south experienced an increase in stress, which is consistent with the observed aftershock pattern. The nearby Great Sumatran Fault segments (Angkola and Sumpur) experienced a significant increase in stress without any accompanying aftershocks, which likely increases the risk of them rupturing in the future. |
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0031-9201 |
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yes |
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8528 |
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Portier E., Mercier D., Decaulne A. |
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Title |
Schmidt-Hammer Dating of Five Rock Slope Failures in the Westfjords of Iceland |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2023 |
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European Young Geomorphologists Meeting, 9-11 June 2023, Chamonix-Courmayeur, France |
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Rock slopes failures (RSF) are numerous in Iceland, especially in the eastern, northern and northwestern regions, which correspond to Tertiary basaltic formations. Five sites have been specifically studied in the Westfjords around Bolungarvík: Óshólar, Minni-Hlið, Sunddalur, Vatnadalur and Meira-Hraun. The aim is to obtain dating of RSF to better understand the chronosequence of post-glacial events. The use of Schmidt-hammer on RSF deposits, consisting in measuring the hardness of the deposited blocks, made it possible to establish relative dating between the different elements of the RSF, and to calibrate datings of the different RSF taking into account carbon-14 dates obtained onto and in the close vicinity of the same landforms, taking benefits of the landform superimposition. For this purpose, macroremains of Betula sp. and paleo-soils were sampled from pits dug in peaty depressions. The SHED results (Schmidt-hammer exposure age dating) thus date the oldest of Óshólar’s RSF to 11,000 cal BP, the Minni-Hlið’s RSF to 9,500 cal BP, that of Sunddalur at 8,700 cal BP, the Vatnadalur one to 8,200 cal BP and finally that of Meira-Hraun at 8,700 cal BP. The chronology of the RSFs dated to the beginning of the deglaciation or the first times of the Holocene therefore fits a paraglacial logic of the emplacement of these deposits. |
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1266 |
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yes |
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8728 |
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Portier E., Mercier D., Decaulne A. |
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Title |
Les glissements de terrain dans les Westfjords et les fjords de l'Est d'Islande : inventaire, morphométrie et variables explicatives |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journées des Jeunes Géomorphologues, Groupe Français de Géomorphologie, 31 mai -1er juin 2023, Dunkerque, France |
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Deglaciation Iceland Landslides Paraglacial |
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Les Westfjords et fjords de l’Est de l’Islande concentrent de nombreux glissements de terrain. Ces phénomènes visibles par observation à distance d’images satellites et d’un Modèle Numérique de Terrain (MNT) ont été inventoriés, puis mesurés et analysés. Au total, 251 et 290 glissements de terrain ont été recensés respectivement dans les Westfjords et les fjords de l’Est, au sein d’une base de données et dans un Système d’Informations Géographiques (SIG). Pour chaque glissement de terrain, sa localisation, sa morphométrie (longueur, largeur, superficie, épaisseur, volume estimé, …), ainsi que de potentielles variables de contrôle, notamment géologiques (lithologie, pendage), ou explicatives (orientation, âge de la déglaciation du versant affecté par le glissement de terrain) ont été relevées. Ces variables et la répartition des glissements ont été étudiées par analyse spatiale et statistique. Ce travail fournit un inventaire complémentaire des glissements de terrain pour ces deux secteurs. Cependant, les facteurs de déclenchement habituellement identifiés ne permettent pas une explication satisfaisante à leur répartition. Néanmoins, des pistes de réflexions se dessinent et l’élargissement de la base de données à l’échelle de l’Islande permet de les comparer d’un secteur à l’autre. Cette étude met en avant des foyers principaux de glissements de terrain : pour les Westfjords, une plus forte densité de glissements de terrain dans le nord-ouest de la zone étudiée et dans la partie la plus étroite de la péninsule ; et pour les fjords de l’Est, une plus forte densité dans le Nord de la zone étudiée. Ces foyers pourraient s’expliquer par les directions d’écoulement de la calotte glaciaire passée. D’autre part, un des constats est une surreprésentation des glissements orientés vers l’ouest et le sud pour les fjords de l’Est, et vers le sud et l’est pour les Westfjords. L’hypothèse proposée est un contrôle climatique : les versants davantage ensoleillés auraient subi une déglaciation plus rapide favorisant l’instabilité des versants. Les données recueillies suggèrent également que la lithologie (basaltes tertiaires) est une variable de contrôle et que la période pendant laquelle la zone de glissement de terrain est déglacée est une variable explicative de l'initiation du glissement de terrain. Les glissements de terrain observés s’inscriraient ainsi dans une dynamique paraglaciaire d’instabilité des versants après la phase de déglaciation |
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1266 |
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yes |
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8732 |
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Author |
Prat R., Dupuis E., Sultan E. |
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Title |
Objets du quotidien en station : l’inventaire comme outil d’analyse des relations |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
19émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 03-05 mai 2023, paris france |
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Issue |
Communication n°479 |
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1237 |
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8674 |
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Priyashkumar Mistry, Kamlesh Pathak, Aniket Prasad, Georgios Lekkas, Surendra Bhattarai, Sarvesh Gharat, Mousam Maity, Dhruv Kumar, Karen A. Collins, Richard P. Schwarz, Christopher R. Mann, Elise Furlan, Steve B. Howell, David Ciardi, Allyson Bieryla, Elisabeth C. Matthews, Erica Gonzales, Carl Ziegler, Ian Crossfield, Steven Giacalone, Thiam-Guan Tan, Phil Evans, Krzysztof G. Hełminiak, Kevin I. Collins, Norio Narita, Akihiko Fukui, Francisco J. Pozuelos, Courtney Dressing, Abderahmane Soubkiou, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, Joshua E. Schlieder, Olga Suarez, Khalid Barkaoui, Enric Palle, Felipe Murgas, Gregor Srdoc, Maria V. Goliguzova, Ivan A. Strakhov, Crystal Gnilka, Kathryn Lester, Colin Littlefield, Nic Scott, Rachel Matson, Michaël Gillon, Emmanuel Jehin, Mathilde Timmermans, Mourad Ghachoui, Lyu Abe, Philippe Bendjoya, Tristan Guillot, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud |
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Title |
VaTEST. II. Statistical Validation of 11 TESS-detected Exoplanets Orbiting K-type Stars |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
The Astronomical Journal |
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Volume |
166 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
9 |
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Abstract |
NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is an all-sky survey mission designed to find transiting exoplanets orbiting nearby bright stars. It has identified more than 329 transiting exoplanets, and almost 6000 candidates remain unvalidated. In this manuscript, we discuss the findings from the ongoing Validation of Transiting Exoplanets using Statistical Tools (VaTEST) project, which aims to validate new exoplanets for further characterization. We validated 11 new exoplanets by examining the light curves of 24 candidates using the LATTE and TESS-Plot tools and computing the false-positive probabilities using the statistical validation tool TRICERATOPS. These include planets suitable for atmospheric characterization using transmission spectroscopy (TOI-2194b), emission spectroscopy (TOI-3082b and TOI-5704b) and for both transmission and emission spectroscopy (TOI-672b, TOI-1694b, and TOI-2443b). Our validated planets have one super-Earth (TOI-2194b) orbiting a bright (V = 8.42 mag), metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −0.3720 ± 0.1) star, and one short-period Neptune-like planet (TOI-5704) in the hot-Neptune desert. In total, we validated one super-Earth, seven sub-Neptunes, one Neptune-like, and two sub-Saturn or super-Neptune-like exoplanets. Additionally, we identify five likely planet candidates (TOI-323, TOI-1180, TOI-2200, TOI-2408, and TOI-3913), which can be further studied to establish their planetary nature. |
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1066 |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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8621 |
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Rafael Brahm, Solène Ulmer-Moll, Melissa J. Hobson, Andrés Jordán, Thomas Henning, Trifon Trifonov, Matías I. Jones, Martin Schlecker, Nestor Espinoza, Felipe I. Rojas, Pascal Torres, Paula Sarkis, Marcelo Tala, Jan Eberhardt, Diana Kossakowski, Diego J. Muñoz, Joel D. Hartman, Gavin Boyle, Vincent Suc, François Bouchy, Adrien Deline, Guillaume Chaverot, Nolan Grieves, Monika Lendl, Olga Suarez, Tristan Guillot, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Nicolas Crouzet, Georgina Dransfield, Ryan Cloutier, Khalid Barkaoui, Rick P. Schwarz, Chris Stockdale, Mallory Harris, Ismael Mireles, Phil Evans, Andrew W. Mann, Carl Ziegler, Diana Dragomir, Steven Villanueva, Christoph Mordasini, George Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Michael Vezie, Allison Youngblood, Tansu Daylan, Karen A. Collins, Douglas A. Caldwell, David R. Ciardi, Enric Palle, Felipe Murgas |
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Title |
Three Long-period Transiting Giant Planets from TESS* |
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2023 |
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The Astronomical Journal |
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165 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
227 |
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Abstract |
We report the discovery and orbital characterization of three new transiting warm giant planets. These systems were initially identified as presenting single-transit events in the light curves generated from the full-frame images of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Follow-up radial velocity measurements and additional light curves were used to determine the orbital periods and confirm the planetary nature of the candidates. The planets orbit slightly metal-rich late F- and early G-type stars. We find that TOI 4406b has a mass of M P = 0.30 ± 0.04 M J, a radius of R P = 1.00 ± 0.02 R J, and a low-eccentricity orbit (e = 0.15 ± 0.05) with a period of P = 30.08364 ±0.00005 days. TOI 2338b has a mass of M P = 5.98 ± 0.20 M J, a radius of R P = 1.00 ± 0.01 R J, and a highly eccentric orbit (e = 0.676 ± 0.002) with a period of P = 22.65398 ± 0.00002 days. Finally, TOI 2589b has a mass of M P = 3.50 ± 0.10 M J, a radius of R P = 1.08 ± 0.03 R J, and an eccentric orbit (e = 0.522 ± 0.006) with a period of P = 61.6277 ± 0.0002 days. TOI 4406b and TOI 2338b are enriched in metals compared to their host stars, while the structure of TOI 2589b is consistent with having similar metal enrichment to its host star. |
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1066 |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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8644 |
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Ramonet M., Chatterjee A., Ciais P., Levin I., Sha M., Steinbacher M., Sweeney C. |
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Title |
CO₂ in the Atmosphere: Growth and Trends Since 1850 |
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2023 |
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Oxford research encyclopedia of climate science |
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416 |
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978-0-19-022862-0 |
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8724 |
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Randel Kreitsberg, Lisanne Nääb, Richard Meitern, Jeffrey Carbillet, Jérôme Fort, Mathieu Giraudeau, Tuul Sepp |
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Title |
The effect of environmental pollution on gene expression of seabirds: A review |
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2023 |
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Marine Environmental Research |
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189 |
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Pages |
106067 |
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Keywords |
Biotransformation Long-lived animals Marine pollution Metabolic pathways Model species Oxidative stress Seabirds |
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Abstract |
One of the biggest challenges for ecotoxicologists is to detect harmful effects of contaminants on individual organisms before they have caused significant harm to natural populations. One possible approach for discovering sub-lethal, negative health effects of pollutants is to study gene expression, to identify metabolic pathways and physiological processes affected by contaminants. Seabirds are essential components of ecosystems but highly threatened by environmental changes. Being at the top of the food chain and exhibiting a slow pace of life, they are highly exposed to contaminants and to their ultimate impacts on populations. Here we provide an overview of the currently available seabird-related gene expression studies in the context of environmental pollution. We show that studies conducted, so far, mainly focus on a small selection of xenobiotic metabolism genes, often using lethal sampling protocols, while the greater promise of gene expression studies for wild species may lie in non-invasive procedures focusing on a wider range of physiological processes. However, as whole genome approaches might still be too expensive for large-scale assessments, we also bring out the most promising candidate biomarker genes for future studies. Based on the biased geographical representativeness of the current literature, we suggest expanding studies to temperate and tropical latitudes and urban environments. Also, as links with fitness traits are very rare in the current literature, but would be highly relevant for regulatory purposes, we point to an urgent need for establishing long-term monitoring programs in seabirds that would link pollutant exposure and gene expression to fitness traits. |
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388 |
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0141-1136 |
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yes |
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8642 |
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Richard A. Phillips, Jérôme Fort, Maria P. Dias |
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Title |
Chapter 2 – Conservation status and overview of threats to seabirds |
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2023 |
Publication |
Conservation of Marine Birds |
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Conservation of Marine Birds |
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33-56 |
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Abstract |
Seabirds are among the most threatened of all vertebrate groups. Here we review their conservation status and key aspects of the main threats and some emerging threats. Bycatch in fisheries and overfishing are pervasive, but potentially soluble with improved governance. Invasive alien species at breeding sites remain a major threat despite notable recent successes in eradication campaigns. Changing climatic conditions continue to have multiple, increasing, direct and indirect effects on seabirds. The full impacts of disease and chemical pollution are less clear because effects may be sublethal. Impacts of other anthropogenic processes that currently concern relatively few species are probably increasing. As seabird populations are affected by multiple threats that may be additive or synergistic, addressing population declines will often require a suite of management measures and potentially compensatory mitigation for climate change. |
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388 |
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978-0-323-88539-3 |
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yes |
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8624 |
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