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Forget F., Bretel P., Genthon C., Berne A., Dufresne J.L., Lemonnier F., Madeleine J.B, Roussel M.R., Sultan E., Veron D., Vignon E., Wiener V. |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2023 |
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1013 |
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8675 |
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Title |
A peat core Hg stable isotope reconstruction of Holocene atmospheric Hg deposition at Amsterdam Island (37.8oS) |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta |
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Volume |
341 |
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Pages |
62-74 |
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Keywords |
Hg deposition Hg stable isotopes Peat Rain Southern Hemisphere |
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1028 |
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0016-7037 |
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yes |
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8527 |
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Probing the limits of sampling gaseous elemental mercury passively in the remote atmosphere |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Environmental Science: Atmospheres |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
268-281 |
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1028 |
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ISSN |
2634-3606 |
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yes |
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8636 |
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Author |
Sophia Ferchiou, France Caza, Richard Villemur, Jacques Labonne, Yves St-Pierre |
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Title |
Skin and Blood Microbial Signatures of Sedentary and Migratory Trout (Salmo trutta) of the Kerguelen Islands |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Fishes |
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8 |
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4 |
Pages |
174 |
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Keywords |
Salmo trutta 16S rRNA blood microbiome fish Kerguelen Islands migration skin microbiome |
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Abstract |
Our understanding of how microbiome signatures are modulated in wild fish populations remains poorly developed and has, until now, mostly been inferred from studies in commercial and farmed fish populations. Here, for the first time, we have studied changes in the skin and blood microbiomes of the Salmo trutta population of the volcanic Kerguelen archipelago located at the northern limit of the Antarctic Ocean. The Kerguelen Islands present a natural framework of population expansion and reveal a likely situation representing further climate change in distribution areas. Our results showed that S. trutta of the Kerguelen Islands has a microbiome signature distinct from those of salmonids of the Northern Hemisphere. Our study also revealed that the skin and blood microbiomes differ between sedentary and migratory S. trutta. While 18 phyla were shared between both groups of trout, independent of the compartment, 6 phyla were unique to migratory trout. Further analyses showed that microbiome signatures undergo significant site-specific variations that correlate, in some cases, with the peculiarity of specific ecosystems. Our study also revealed the presence of potential pathogens at particular sites and the impact of abiotic factors on the microbiome, most notably due to the volcanic nature of the environment. This study contributes to a better understanding of the factors that modulate the microbiome signatures of migratory and sedentary fish populations. It will also help to better monitor the impacts of climate change on the colonization process in the sub-Antarctic region. |
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1041 |
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2410-3888 |
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yes |
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8404 |
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Matthias Vignon, Mingsha Zhou, Angus R. McIntosh, Cristian Correa, Peter A. H. Westley, Lisa Jacquin, Jacques Labonne, Andrew P. Hendry |
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Title |
Trait variation in a successful global invader: a large-scale analysis of morphological variance and integration in the brown trout |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Biological Invasions |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1659-1677 |
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Keywords |
Invasion Morphological integration Phenotypic variation Population size |
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Abstract |
In ecology and evolution, the small population paradigm posits that reduced genetic variation will result in limited phenotypic variation that, in turn, will affect population resilience and potential for adaptation. Over the last decade though, such a paradigm has been questioned, with evidence that mechanisms independent of genetic variation may be also important in shaping phenotypic variation. However, there are few large-scale empirical examples, especially from aquatic ecosystems. Using the large-scale natural experiment afforded by the global invasion of brown trout (Salmo trutta), we quantify standing phenotypic variation in morphology among different introduced ranges, relative to the native range. By using shape variation and morphological integration as indicators of phenotypic variation, we show that neither founding population size nor time since founding (i.e., effect of selection regime) are correlated to the amount of morphological variation, contrarily to common expectations. Beyond founding population size and time since founding, the amount of morphological variation is mostly controlled by factors at the population level rather than at the region level, and is not lower in invaded regions compared to the native range. These results suggest that the dynamics of phenotypic variation may be largely independent of population size and mostly determined by site-specific patterns of selection. |
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1041 |
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ISSN |
1573-1464 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8649 |
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Title |
Investigating the Role of Shrub Height and Topography in Snow Accumulation on Low-Arctic Tundra using UAV-Borne Lidar |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrometeorology |
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24 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
853-871 |
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Abstract |
Abstract Expanding shrubs in the Arctic trap blowing snow, increasing snow height and accelerating permafrost warming. Topography also affects snow height as snow accumulates in hollows. The respective roles of topography and erect vegetation in snow accumulation were investigated using a UAV-borne lidar at two nearby contrasted sites in northern Quebec, Canada. The North site featured tall vegetation up to 2.5 m high, moderate snow height, and smooth topography. The South site featured lower vegetation, greater snow height, and rougher topography. There was little correlation between topography and vegetation height at both sites. Vegetation lower than snow height had very little effect on snow height. When vegetation protruded above the snow, snow height was well correlated with vegetation height. The topographic position index (TPI) was well correlated with snow height when it was not masked by the effect of protruding vegetation. The North site with taller vegetation therefore showed a good correlation between vegetation height and snow height, R2 = 0.37, versus R2 = 0.04 at the South site. Regarding topography, the reverse was observed between TPI and snow height, with R2 = 0.29 at the North site and R2 = 0.67 at the South site. The combination of vegetation height and TPI improved the prediction of snow height at the North site (R2 = 0.59) but not at the South site because vegetation height has little influence there. Vegetation was therefore the main factor determining snow height when it protruded above the snow. When it did not protrude, snow height was mostly determined by topography. Significance Statement Wind-induced snow drifting is a major snow redistribution process in the Arctic. Shrubs trap drifting snow, and drifting snow accumulates in hollows. Determining the respective roles of both these processes in snow accumulation is required to predict permafrost temperature and its emission of greenhouse gases, because thicker snow limits permafrost winter cooling. Using a UAV-borne lidar, we have determined snow height distribution over two contrasted sites in the Canadian low Arctic, with varied vegetation height and topography. When snow height exceeds vegetation height, topography is a good predictor of snow height, with negligible effect of buried vegetation. When vegetation protrudes above the snow, combining both topography and vegetation height is required for a good prediction of snow height. |
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Programme |
1042 |
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1525-7541, 1525-755X |
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yes |
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8541 |
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Author |
Y. Klanten, R.-M. Couture, K. S. Christoffersen, W. F. Vincent, D. Antoniades |
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Title |
Oxygen Depletion in Arctic Lakes: Circumpolar Trends, Biogeochemical Processes, and Implications of Climate Change |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e2022GB007616 |
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Keywords |
Arctic lakes biochemical processes climate change dissolved oxygen freshwater meta-analysis |
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Abstract |
Polar amplification of climate change has the potential to cause large-scale shifts in the dissolved oxygen (DO) dynamics of Arctic lakes, with implications for fish survival, greenhouse gas production, and drinking water quality. While DO is also a sentinel of environmental changes of physical, chemical, and biological nature (e.g., ice cover, temperature, dissolved organic carbon, photosynthesis, and respiration), no synthesis exists of current knowledge of DO dynamics across the diverse freshwater systems of the Arctic. We thus conducted a systematic review of the literature that yielded DO data from 167 sites north of the Subarctic limit (based on vegetation zones), spanning 76 years and including 40 sites with time series. The compilation revealed insufficient observations for adequate representativeness of oxygen dynamics over Arctic ecosystem gradients. We described the main processes controlling DO budgets of Arctic lakes and tested relationships of summer oxygen depletion with maximum depth and latitude. The meta-analysis showed that most sites with low O2 concentrations were shallow (<10 m) and situated toward the southern end of the latitudinal gradient. Permanently stratified lakes with deep, perennially anoxic basins were located toward the northern end of the gradient. By way of a conceptual model, we identified the direct and indirect drivers and mechanisms that lead to changes in oxygen budgets in the context of the warming Arctic. This comprehensive update on available data allowed us to suggest future research directions and recommend the use of moored instruments for continuous all-season observations, combined with modeling, remote sensing, and paleo-reconstructions. |
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1042 |
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1944-9224 |
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8633 |
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Unveiling the co-phylogeny signal between plunderfish Harpagifer spp. and their gut microbiomes across the Southern Ocean |
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2023 |
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Biorxiv |
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1044 |
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yes |
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8685 |
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Title |
VaTEST. II. Statistical Validation of 11 TESS-detected Exoplanets Orbiting K-type Stars |
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2023 |
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The Astronomical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
166 |
Issue |
1 |
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9 |
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1066 |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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8621 |
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Title |
TESS spots a mini- interior to a hot saturn in the TOI-2000 system |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
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524 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1113-1138 |
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1066 |
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0035-8711 |
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8641 |
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