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Records |
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Author |
Thierry Boulinier |
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Title |
Avian influenza spread and seabird movements between colonies |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Trends in Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages  |
391-395 |
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Keywords |
colonial breeding foraging HPAI H5N1 migration movement ecology prospecting spatial disease dynamics |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
333,1151 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0169-5347 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8502 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Joris Laborie, Matthieu Authier, Adrien Chaigne, Karine Delord, Henri Weimerskirch, Christophe Guinet |
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Title |
Estimation of total population size of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) on Kerguelen and Crozet Archipelagos using very high-resolution satellite imagery |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) play a pivotal role in the Southern Ocean as wide-ranging marine predators and major prey consumers within Southern Ocean marine ecosystems. Due to their circumpolar distribution and the remoteness of their habitat, large uncertainties remain about their total population sizes. This is especially true for elephant seal populations in the French Southern Territories in the southern Indian Ocean (i.e. Crozet and Kerguelen Archipelagos) as many breeding sites are inaccessible for ground censuses. Here, we present a simple and efficient approach for estimating the total elephant seal populations of the Kerguelen and Crozet Archipelagos by using very high-resolution satellite imagery (<1m resolution). Twenty-eight satellite images taken during the breeding season to count female elephant seals in inaccessible areas were used and complemented the traditional annual ground counts in accessible areas. For Kerguelen Island sectors likely to host colonies and where no satellite images were available for the breeding season, a statistical predictive model was built to estimate the most likely number of breeding females to be present on a given beach according to its physiographic characteristics. Our results show the reliability of using very high-resolution satellite images, a relatively low-cost platform, to count pinniped populations and provide the first estimation of the total southern elephant seal population for both the Kerguelen 347,995 (s e = 4,950) and Crozet 13,065 (s e = 169) Archipelagos. The combined total represents over 35% of the global elephant seal population with the Kerguelen stock being numerically equivalent to the South Georgia stock. In addition, we re-examined the population trends since the last mid-century for Kerguelen and over the last five decades for Crozet. The demographic trends of the southern Indian Ocean populations show marked growth over the last decade (5.1% and 1.6% annual growth rate for Crozet and Kerguelen respectively), particularly on Crozet where the elephant seal population has more than tripled. |
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Programme |
109,1201 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2296-7745 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8535 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hassen Allegue, Denis Réale, Baptiste Picard, Christophe Guinet |
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Title |
Track and dive-based movement metrics do not predict the number of prey encountered by a marine predator |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Movement Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3 |
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Keywords |
Accelerometry Area-restricted search Diving behavior Foraging behavior Marine predator Prey encounter events |
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Abstract |
Studying animal movement in the context of the optimal foraging theory has led to the development of simple movement metrics for inferring feeding activity. Yet, the predictive capacity of these metrics in natural environments has been given little attention, raising serious questions of the validity of these metrics. The aim of this study is to test whether simple continuous movement metrics predict feeding intensity in a marine predator, the southern elephant seal (SES; Mirounga leonine), and investigate potential factors influencing the predictive capacity of these metrics. |
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Programme |
109,1201 |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2051-3933 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8556 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Taiki Adachi, Philip Lovell, James Turnbull, Mike A. Fedak, Baptiste Picard, Christophe Guinet, Martin Biuw, Theresa R. Keates, Rachel R. Holser, Daniel P. Costa, Daniel E. Crocker, Patrick J. O. Miller |
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Title |
Body condition changes at sea: Onboard calculation and telemetry of body density in diving animals |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Methods in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1457-1474 |
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Keywords |
animal health bio-logging body density buoyancy marine mammal real-time monitoring satellite transmission |
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Abstract |
The ability of marine mammals to accumulate sufficient lipid energy reserves is vital for mammals' survival and successful reproduction. However, long-term monitoring of at-sea changes in body condition, specifically lipid stores, has only been possible in elephant seals performing prolonged drift dives (low-density lipids alter the rates of depth change while drifting). This approach has limited applicability to other species. Using hydrodynamic performance analysis during transit glides, we developed and validated a novel satellite-linked data logger that calculates real-time changes in body density (∝lipid stores). As gliding is ubiquitous amongst divers, the system can assess body condition in a broad array of diving animals. The tag processes high sampling rate depth and three-axis acceleration data to identify 5 s high pitch angle glide segments at depths >100 m. Body density is estimated for each glide using gliding speed and pitch to quantify drag versus buoyancy forces acting on the gliding animal. We used tag data from 24 elephant seals (Mirounga spp.) to validate the onboard calculation of body density relative to drift rate. The new tags relayed body density estimates over 200 days and documented lipid store accumulation during migration with good correspondence between changes in body density and drift rate. Our study provided updated drag coefficient values for gliding (Cd,f = 0.03) and drifting (Cd,s = 0.12) elephant seals, both substantially lower than previous estimates. We also demonstrated post-hoc estimation of the gliding drag coefficient and body density using transmitted data, which is especially useful when drag parameters cannot be estimated with sufficient accuracy before tag deployment. Our method has the potential to advance the field of marine biology by switching the research paradigm from indirectly inferring animal body condition from foraging effort to directly measuring changes in body condition relative to foraging effort, habitat, ecological factors and anthropogenic stressors in the changing oceans. Expanding the method to account for diving air volumes will expand the system's applicability to shallower-diving (<100 m) species, facilitating real-time monitoring of body condition in a broad range of breath-hold divers. |
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Programme |
109, 1201 |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2041-210X |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8620 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Samara Danel, Gaël Bardon, Christophe de Franceschi, Léna Bureau, Christophe Barbraud, Karine Delord, Dora Biro, Francesco Bonadonna |
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Title |
Plant consumer innovation in skuas |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Ornithology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
164 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
717-719 |
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Keywords |
Animal innovation Consumer innovation Field observation Novel food Stercorarius antarcticus lonnbergi |
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Abstract |
We report observations of alien dandelion (Taraxacum officinale group) consumption in an opportunistic predatory seabird, the brown skua (Stercorarius antarcticus lonnbergi), from a natural population on île Verte within the Kerguelen archipelago. Observations on a nearby island suggest that this behaviour is not specific to our study area, paving the way to future studies investigating whether this consumer innovation prevails in skua populations and results in dietary benefits. |
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Programme |
109,354 |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2193-7206 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8635 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Bernard A., Chambodut A., Zigone D., Thore J-Y., Bes De Berc M., Fotze M.,Wardinski,I. |
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Title |
Les observatoires sismologiques et magnétiques dans les Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
19émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 03-05 mai 2023, paris france |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
Communication n°475 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
133,139 |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Series Editor |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8673 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Antonella Tassone, Olivier Magand, Attilio Naccarato, Maria Martino, Domenico Amico, Francesca Sprovieri, Hippolyte Leuridan, Yann Bertrand, Michel Ramonet, Nicola Pirrone, Aurelien Dommergue |
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Title |
Seven-year monitoring of mercury in wet precipitation and atmosphere at the Amsterdam Island GMOS station |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Heliyon |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Atmospheric pollution Atmospheric transport Mercury measurements Source identification Southern Hemisphere Wet deposition flux |
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Abstract |
Mercury (Hg) fate and transport research requires more effort to obtain a deep knowledge of its biogeochemical cycle, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere and Tropics that are still missing of distributed monitoring sites. Continuous monitoring of atmospheric Hg concentrations and trend worldwide is relevant for the effectiveness evaluation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (MCM) actions. In this context, Gaseous Elemental Mercury (GEM) and total mercury (THg) in precipitations were monitored from 2013 to 2019 at the Amsterdam Island Observatory (AMS – 37°48′S, 77°34′E) to provide insights into the Hg pathway in the remote southern Indian Ocean, also considering ancillary dataset of Rn-222, CO2, CO, and CH4. GEM average concentration was 1.06 ± 0.07 ng m−3, with a slight increase during the austral winter due to both higher wind speed over the surface ocean and contributions from southern Africa. In wet depositions, THg average concentration was 2.39 ± 1.17 ng L−1, whereas the annual flux averaged 2.04 ± 0.80 μg m−2 year−1. In general, both GEM and Volume-Weighted Mean Concentration (VWMC) of THg did not show an increasing/decreasing trend over the seven-year period, suggesting a substantial lack of evolution about emission of Hg reaching AMS. Air masses Cluster Analysis and Potential Source Contribution Function showed that oceanic evasion was the main Hg contributor at AMS, while further contributions were attributable to long-range transport events from southern Africa, particularly when the occurrence of El Niño increased the frequency of wildfires. |
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Programme |
416,1028 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8679 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Christophe Leroy-Dos Santos, Elise Fourré, Cécile Agosta, Mathieu Casado, Alexandre Cauquoin, Martin Werner, Benedicte Minster, Frédéric Prié, Olivier Jossoud, Leila Petit, Amaëlle Landais |
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Title |
From atmospheric water isotopes measurement to firn core interpretation in Adélie Land: a case study for isotope-enabled atmospheric models in Antarctica |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
The Cryosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
5241-5254 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
In a context of global warming and sea level rise acceleration, it is key to estimate the evolution of the atmospheric hydrological cycle and temperature in polar regions, which directly influence the surface mass balance of the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets. Direct observations are available from satellite data for the last 40 years and a few weather data since the 1950s in Antarctica. One of the best ways to access longer records is to use climate proxies in firn or ice cores. The water isotopic composition in these cores is widely used to reconstruct past temperature variations. We need to progress in our understanding of the influence of the atmospheric hydrological cycle on the water isotopic composition of ice cores. First, we present a 2-year-long time series of vapor and precipitation isotopic composition measurement at Dumont d’Urville Station, in Adélie Land. We characterize diurnal variations of meteorological parameters (temperature, atmospheric water mixing ratio (hereafter humidity) and δ18O) for the different seasons and determine the evolution of key relationships (δ18O versus temperature or humidity) throughout the year: we find that the temperature vs. δ18O relationship is dependent on synoptic events dynamics in winter contrary to summer. Then, this data set is used to evaluate the atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM6-wiso (model version with embedded water stable isotopes) in a coastal region of Adélie Land where local conditions are controlled by strong katabatic winds which directly impact the isotopic signal. We show that a combination of continental (79 %) and oceanic (21 %) grid cells leads model outputs (temperature, humidity and δ18O) to nicely fit the observations, at different timescales (i.e., seasonal to synoptic). Therefore we demonstrate the added value of long-term water vapor isotopic composition records for model evaluation. Then, as a clear link is found between the isotopic composition of water vapor and precipitation, we assess how isotopic models can help interpret short firn cores. In fact, a virtual firn core built from ECHAM-wiso outputs explains much more of the variability observed in S1C1 isotopic record than a virtual firn core built from temperature only. Yet, deposition and post-deposition effects strongly affect the firn isotopic signal and probably account for most of the remaining misfits between archived firn signal and virtual firn core based on atmospheric modeling. |
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Programme |
1110,1205 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1994-0416 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8699 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Sarah Leclaire, Maxime Pineaux, Pierrick Blanchard, Joël White, Scott A. Hatch |
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Title |
Microbiota composition and diversity of multiple body sites vary according to reproductive performance in a seabird |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
2115-2133 |
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Keywords |
bacteria black-legged kittiwake feathers fitness individual quality microbiota reproductive success |
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Abstract |
The microbiota is suggested to be a fundamental contributor to host reproduction and survival, but associations between microbiota and fitness are rare, especially for wild animals. Here, we tested the association between microbiota and two proxies of breeding performance in multiple body sites of the black-legged kittiwake, a seabird species. First we found that, in females, nonbreeders (i.e., birds that did not lay eggs) hosted different microbiota composition to that of breeders in neck and flank feathers, in the choanae, in the outer-bill and in the cloacae, but not in preen feathers and tracheae. These differences in microbiota might reflect variations in age or individual quality between breeders and nonbreeders. Second, we found that better female breeders (i.e., with higher body condition, earlier laying date, heavier eggs, larger clutch, and higher hatching success) had lower abundance of several Corynebacteriaceae in cloaca than poorer female breeders, suggesting that these bacteria might be pathogenic. Third, in females, better breeders had different microbiota composition and lower microbiota diversity in feathers, especially in preen feathers. They had also reduced dispersion in microbiota composition across body sites. These results might suggest that good breeding females are able to control their feather microbiota—potentially through preen secretions—more tightly than poor breeding females. We did not find strong evidence for an association between reproductive outcome and microbiota in males. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that natural variation in the microbiota is associated with differences in host fitness in wild animals, but the causal relationships remain to be investigated. |
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Programme |
1162 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1365-294X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8391 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Sophia Ferchiou, France Caza, Richard Villemur, Jacques Labonne, Yves St-Pierre |
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Title |
Skin and Blood Microbial Signatures of Sedentary and Migratory Trout (Salmo trutta) of the Kerguelen Islands |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Fishes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
174 |
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Keywords |
Salmo trutta 16S rRNA blood microbiome fish Kerguelen Islands migration skin microbiome |
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Abstract |
Our understanding of how microbiome signatures are modulated in wild fish populations remains poorly developed and has, until now, mostly been inferred from studies in commercial and farmed fish populations. Here, for the first time, we have studied changes in the skin and blood microbiomes of the Salmo trutta population of the volcanic Kerguelen archipelago located at the northern limit of the Antarctic Ocean. The Kerguelen Islands present a natural framework of population expansion and reveal a likely situation representing further climate change in distribution areas. Our results showed that S. trutta of the Kerguelen Islands has a microbiome signature distinct from those of salmonids of the Northern Hemisphere. Our study also revealed that the skin and blood microbiomes differ between sedentary and migratory S. trutta. While 18 phyla were shared between both groups of trout, independent of the compartment, 6 phyla were unique to migratory trout. Further analyses showed that microbiome signatures undergo significant site-specific variations that correlate, in some cases, with the peculiarity of specific ecosystems. Our study also revealed the presence of potential pathogens at particular sites and the impact of abiotic factors on the microbiome, most notably due to the volcanic nature of the environment. This study contributes to a better understanding of the factors that modulate the microbiome signatures of migratory and sedentary fish populations. It will also help to better monitor the impacts of climate change on the colonization process in the sub-Antarctic region. |
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Programme |
1041 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2410-3888 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8404 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
