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Jacques Labonne, Mathieu Buoro, Lucie Aulus Giacosa, Matthias Vignon, Sindre Håvarstein Eldøy, Jan Grimsrud Davidsen, Xavier Bordeleau, Sophia Ferchiou, France Caza, Yves St-Pierre, Stephane Betoulle, Jean-Christophe Aymes, Francois Gueraud, Andrew P. Hendry, Lucie Marandel, Stéphane Glise, Alexandre Herman, Vincent Veron, Stéphane Panserat, Philippe Gaudin |
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Title |
Evolutionary Ecology of Kerguelen Islands Colonization by Introduced Salmonids: SALMEVOL 1041-2 project |
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2022 |
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Rapport |
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The present report is a synthesis of all studies conducted around the long-term ecological research (LTER) monitoring of introduced salmonid species in the sub Antarctic Kerguelen islands over the 2015- 2020 period, within the SALMEVOL-2 project. The monitoring encompasses the history of eight species, five of which are still present in Kerguelen, the data and collections spanning five decades and tenths of rivers. Based on this monitoring, but also thanks to various field experiments, we have undertaken to study the evolutionary ecology of these species, using the invasive Brown trout as flagship model, under the premise that the Kerguelen situation, where rivers were previously void of any fish species, could be an anticipation lab of the situation developing at the poles due to climate change. Our findings pertain to life history traits such as individual growth, migration between freshwater and marine ecosystems, microbiomes, but also proximal and ultimate mechanisms of adaptation in relation to the local environment. We also begin to investigate how the expanding metapopulation structure, resulting from multiple invasion events, may affect life history traits evolution. |
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1041 |
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yes |
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8358 |
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Catherine Larose, Lorrie Maccario, Timothy M. Vogel |
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Title |
Microbiology of the Cryosphere: Diversity, Habitat Constraints and Ecology |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Chemistry in the Cryosphere |
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Volume |
Volume 3 |
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755-794 |
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1192 |
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9789811230127 |
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yes |
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8650 |
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Gómez Coutouly, Yan Axel |
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Title |
Le premier peuplement préhistorique de l’Amérique : un débat idéologique ? |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Et pourtant elle tourne ! Eds. FONTANA, Laure et DE BEAUNE Sophie. Paris : CNRS Editions. |
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1217 |
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yes |
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8693 |
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Denis Mercier, Emilie Portier, Armelle Decaulne, Etienne Cossart |
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Deep-seated gravitational slope deformation and rock-slope failures deposits in Iceland: inventory, dating and role in landscape evolution |
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Communication |
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2022 |
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10th International Conference on Geomorphology, ICG2022-165, Coimbra, 12-16 september 2022 |
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1266 |
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yes |
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8467 |
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Brice Temime Roussel, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Benjamin Chazeau, Amna Ijaz, Natalie Brett, Katharine Law, Slimane Bekki, Jingqiu Mao, Damien Ketcherside, Vanessa Selimovic, Lu Hu, William R. Simpson, Barbara D'Anna |
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Title |
Concentrations and Sources of VOCs during wintertime urban pollution at Fairbanks, Alaska |
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Communication |
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Year |
2022 |
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AGU Fall Meeting 2022, 11-15 December 2023, San Francisco, USA |
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2022 |
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A51J-04 |
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Fairbanks, Alaska is an urban area that has multiple local emission sources including power plants, domestic heating, and mobile sources, leading to severe wintertime pollution events during cold stable episodes where strong temperature inversions limit pollutant dispersion. In order to evaluate the individual contribution of these sources on Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) concentrations, ground-based measurements were carried out at high temporal resolution (2 minutes) using on-line instrumentation (Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer: PTR-ToF-MS) during the winter 2022 in downtown Fairbanks as part of the Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) 2022 field experiment. These measurements are recorded in the urban business district, which probably enhances the traffic component compared to domestic heating. From the detailed analysis of the mass spectra acquired in the 0-500 amu range, more than 330 ions were found of interest for further investigation. Source apportionment analysis was performed using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) resolved with the multilinear engine (ME-2) approach. Based on their mass spectral profiles, diurnal cycles and correlation with external collocated measurements (gaseous pollutants: CO, CO2, NOx, SO2, ozone, and specific particulate matter markers), the factors identified could be related to mobile sources (gasoline-like and diesel-like traffic), to heating (residential, diesel-like heating in addition to a couple of specific biomass burning, and to non-combustion sources attributed to secondary processes. This study contributes to the Air Pollution in the Arctic: Climate, Environment and Societies – Alaskan Layered Pollution And Chemical Analysis (PACES-ALPACA) initiative. The French contribution is part of the CASPA (Climate-relevant Aerosol Sources and Processes in the Arctic)/IPEV project. |
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1215 |
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yes |
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8510 |
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Author |
Ruijiao Sun, Christophe Barbraud, Henri Weimerskirch, Karine Delord, Samantha C. Patrick, Hal Caswell, Stephanie Jenouvrier |
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Title |
Causes and consequences of pair-bond disruption in a sex-skewed population of a long-lived monogamous seabird |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Ecological Monographs |
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Volume |
92 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
e1522 |
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bycatch capture–mark–recapture divorce life-history outcomes Markov chain models sex-biased vital rates wandering albatross widowhood |
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Many animals form long-term monogamous pair bonds, and the disruption of a pair bond (through either divorce or widowhood) can have significant consequences for individual vital rates (survival, breeding, and breeding success probabilities) and life-history outcomes (lifetime reproductive success [LRS], life expectancy). Here, we investigated the causes and consequences of pair-bond disruption in wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans). State-of-the-art statistical and mathematical approaches were developed to estimate divorce and widowhood rates and their impacts on vital rates and life-history outcomes. In this population, females incur a higher mortality rate due to incidental fishery bycatch, so the population is male-skewed. Therefore, we first posited that males would show higher widowhood rates negatively correlated with fishing effort and females would have higher divorce rates because they have more mating opportunities. Furthermore, we expected that divorce could be an adaptive strategy, whereby individuals improved breeding success by breeding with a new partner of better quality. Finally, we posited that pair-bond disruptions could reduce survival and breeding probabilities owing to the cost of remating processes, with important consequences for life-history outcomes. As expected, we showed that males had higher widowhood rates than females and females had higher divorce rates in this male-skewed population. However, no correlation was found between fishing effort and male widowhood. Secondly, contrary to our expectation, we found that divorce was likely nonadaptive in this population. We propose that divorce in this population is caused by an intruder who outcompetes the original partner in line with the so-called forced divorce hypothesis. Furthermore, we found a 16.7% and 18.0% reduction in LRS only for divorced and widowed males, respectively, owing to missing breeding seasons after a pair-bond disruption. Finally, we found that divorced individuals were more likely to divorce again, but whether this is related to specific individual characteristics remains an important area of investigation. |
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109 |
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1557-7015 |
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yes |
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7177 |
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Sebastián Rosenfeld, Claudia S. Maturana, Hamish G. Spencer, Peter Convey, Thomas Saucède, Paul Brickle, Francisco Bahamonde, Quentin Jossart, Elie Poulin, Claudio Gonzalez-Wevar |
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Title |
Complete distribution of the genus Laevilitorina (Littorinimorpha, Littorinidae) in the Southern Hemisphere: remarks and natural history |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ZooKeys |
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Volume |
1127 |
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Pages |
61-77 |
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Abstract |
Littorinid snails are present in most coastal areas globally, playing a significant role in the ecology of intertidal communities. Laevilitorina is a marine gastropod genus distributed exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with 21 species reported from South America, the sub-Antarctic islands, Antarctica, New Zealand, Australia and Tasmania. Here, an updated database of 21 species generated from a combination of sources is presented: 1) new field sampling data; 2) published records; 3) the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and The Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), to provide a comprehensive description of the known geographic distribution of the genus and detailed occurrences for each of the 21 species. The database includes 813 records (occurrences), 53 from field sampling, 174 from the literature, 128 from GBIF, and 458 from ALA. West Antarctica had the highest species richness (8 species), followed by sub-Antarctic islands of New Zealand (4 species) and the south-east shelf of Australia (4 species). The provinces of Magellan, New Zealand South Island, and sub-Antarctic Islands of the Indian Ocean include two species each. This study specifically highlights reports of L. pygmaea and L. venusta, species that have been almost unrecorded since their description. Recent advances in molecular studies of L. caliginosa showed that this species does not correspond to a widely distributed taxon, but to multiple divergent lineages distributed throughout the Southern Ocean. Ongoing molecular and taxonomic studies are necessary for a better understanding of the diversity and biogeography of this genus. |
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1044 |
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1313-2970 |
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yes |
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8565 |
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Khouloud El Hanafi, Zoyne Pedrero, Laurent Ouerdane, Claudia Marchán Moreno, Silvia Queipo-Abad, Maite Bueno, Florence Pannier, Warren T. Corns, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante, David Amouroux |
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Title |
First Time Identification of Selenoneine in Seabirds and Its Potential Role in Mercury Detoxification |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Technology |
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Volume |
56 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
3288-3298 |
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Abstract |
Birds are principally exposed to selenium (Se) through their diet. In long-lived and top predator seabirds, such as the giant petrel, extremely high concentrations of Se are found. Selenium speciation in biota has aroused great interest in recent years; however, there is a lack of information about the chemical form of Se in (sea)birds. The majority of publications focus on the growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers in relation to Se dietary supplementation. The present work combines elemental and molecular mass spectrometry for the characterization of Se species in wild (sea)birds. A set of eight giant petrels (Macronectes sp.) with a broad age range from the Southern Ocean were studied. Selenoneine, a Se-analogue of ergothioneine, was identified for the first time in wild avian species. This novel Se-compound, previously reported in fish, constitutes the major Se species in the water-soluble fraction of all of the internal tissues and blood samples analyzed. The levels of selenoneine found in giant petrels are the highest reported in animal tissues until now, supporting the trophic transfer in the marine food web. The characterization of selenoneine in the brain, representing between 78 and 88% of the total Se, suggests a crucial role in the nervous system. The dramatic decrease of selenoneine (from 68 to 3%) with an increase of Hg concentrations in the liver strongly supports the hypothesis of its key role in Hg detoxification. |
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109 |
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0013-936X |
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0013-936X |
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yes |
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7730 |
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Dominic Saunderson, Andrew Mackintosh, Felicity McCormack, Richard Selwyn Jones, Ghislain Picard |
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Title |
Surface melt on the Shackleton Ice Shelf, East Antarctica (2003–2021) |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
The Cryosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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16 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
4553-4569 |
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Abstract |
Melt on the surface of Antarctic ice shelves can potentially lead to their disintegration, accelerating the flow of grounded ice to the ocean and raising global sea levels. However, the current understanding of the processes driving surface melt is incomplete, increasing uncertainty in predictions of ice shelf stability and thus of Antarctica's contribution to sea-level rise. Previous studies of surface melt in Antarctica have usually focused on either a process-level understanding of melt through energy-balance investigations or used metrics such as the annual number of melt days to quantify spatiotemporal variability in satellite observations of surface melt. Here, we help bridge the gap between work at these two scales. Using daily passive microwave observations from the AMSR-E and AMSR-2 sensors and the machine learning approach of a self-organising map, we identify nine representative spatial distributions (“patterns”) of surface melt on the Shackleton Ice Shelf in East Antarctica from 2002/03–2020/21. Combined with output from the RACMO2.3p3 regional climate model and surface topography from the REMA digital elevation model, our results point to a significant role for surface air temperatures in controlling the interannual variability in summer melt and also reveal the influence of localised controls on melt. In particular, prolonged melt along the grounding line shows the importance of katabatic winds and surface albedo. Our approach highlights the necessity of understanding both local and large-scale controls on surface melt and demonstrates that self-organising maps can be used to investigate the variability in surface melt on Antarctic ice shelves. |
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1110 |
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1994-0416 |
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yes |
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7776 |
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Author |
Andrew W. Mann, Mackenna L. Wood, Stephen P. Schmidt, Madyson G. Barber, James E. Owen, Benjamin M. Tofflemire, Elisabeth R. Newton, Eric E. Mamajek, Jonathan L. Bush, Gregory N. Mace, Adam L. Kraus, Pa Chia Thao, Andrew Vanderburg, Joe Llama, Christopher M. Johns-Krull, L. Prato, Asa G. Stahl, Shih-Yun Tang, Matthew J. Fields, Karen A. Collins, Kevin I. Collins, Tianjun Gan, Eric L. N. Jensen, Jacob Kamler, Richard P. Schwarz, Elise Furlan, Crystal L. Gnilka, Steve B. Howell, Kathryn V. Lester, Dylan A. Owens, Olga Suarez, Djamel Mekarnia, Tristan Guillot, Lyu Abe, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Marshall C. Johnson, Reilly P. Milburn, Aaron C. Rizzuto, Samuel N. Quinn, Ronan Kerr, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Natalia M. Guerrero, Avi Shporer, Joshua E. Schlieder, Brian McLean, Bill Wohler |
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Title |
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VI. An 11 Myr Giant Planet Transiting a Very-low-mass Star in Lower Centaurus Crux |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
The Astronomical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
163 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
156 |
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Abstract |
Mature super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are predicted to be ≃ Jovian radius when younger than 10 Myr. Thus, we expect to find 5–15 R ⊕ planets around young stars even if their older counterparts harbor none. We report the discovery and validation of TOI 1227b, a 0.85 ± 0.05 R J (9.5 R ⊕) planet transiting a very-low-mass star (0.170 ± 0.015 M ⊙) every 27.4 days. TOI 1227's kinematics and strong lithium absorption confirm that it is a member of a previously discovered subgroup in the Lower Centaurus Crux OB association, which we designate the Musca group. We derive an age of 11 ± 2 Myr for Musca, based on lithium, rotation, and the color–magnitude diagram of Musca members. The TESS data and ground-based follow-up show a deep (2.5%) transit. We use multiwavelength transit observations and radial velocities from the IGRINS spectrograph to validate the signal as planetary in nature, and we obtain an upper limit on the planet mass of ≃0.5 M J. Because such large planets are exceptionally rare around mature low-mass stars, we suggest that TOI 1227b is still contracting and will eventually turn into one of the more common <5 R ⊕ planets. |
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1066 |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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8312 |
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