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Étienne Vignon, Lea Raillard, Christophe Genthon, Massimo Del Guasta, Andrew J. Heymsfield, Jean-Baptiste Madeleine, Alexis Berne |
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Title |
Ice fog observed at cirrus temperatures at Dome C, Antarctic Plateau |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
12857-12872 |
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Abstract |
As the near-surface atmosphere over the Antarctic Plateau is cold and pristine, its physico-chemical conditions resemble to a certain extent those of the high troposphere where cirrus clouds form. In this paper, we carry out an observational analysis of two shallow fog clouds forming in situ at cirrus temperatures – that is, temperatures lower than 235 K – at Dome C, inner Antarctic Plateau. The combination of lidar profiles with temperature and humidity measurements from advanced thermo-hygrometers along a 45 m mast makes it possible to characterise the formation and development of the fog. High supersaturations with respect to ice are observed before the initiation of fog, and the values attained suggest that the nucleation process at play is the homogeneous freezing of solution aerosol droplets. This is the first time that in situ observations show that this nucleation pathway can be at the origin of an ice fog. Once nucleation occurs, the relative humidity gradually decreases down to subsaturated values with respect to ice in a few hours, owing to vapour deposition onto ice crystals and turbulent mixing. The development of fog is tightly coupled with the dynamics of the boundary layer which, in the first study case, experiences a weak diurnal cycle, while in the second case, it transits from a very stable to a weakly stable dynamical regime. Overall, this paper highlights the potential of the site of Dome C for carrying out observational studies of very cold cloud microphysical processes in natural conditions and using in situ ground-based instruments. |
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1013 |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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8769 |
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Author |
Steffen M. Noe, Ksenia Tabakova, Alexander Mahura, Hanna K. Lappalainen, Miriam Kosmale, Jyri Heilimo, Roberto Salzano, Mattia Santoro, Rosamaria Salvatori, Andrea Spolaor, Warren Cairns, Carlo Barbante, Fidel Pankratov, Angelika Humbert, Jeroen E. Sonke, Kathy S. Law, Tatsuo Onishi, Jean-Daniel Paris, Henrik Skov, Andreas Massling, Aurélien Dommergue, Mikhail Arshinov, Denis Davydov, Boris Belan, Tuukka Petäjä |
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Title |
Arctic observations and sustainable development goals – Contributions and examples from ERA-PLANET iCUPE data |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
132 |
Issue |
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Pages |
323-336 |
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Keywords |
Arctic data Data driven public services In-situ Mercury Remote sensing Sustainable development |
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Abstract |
Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE) project developed 24 novel datasets utilizing in-situ observational capacities within the Arctic or remote sensing observations from ground or from space. The datasets covered atmospheric, cryospheric, marine, and terrestrial domains. This paper connects the iCUPE datasets to United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and showcases the use of selected datasets as knowledge provision services for policy- and decision-making actions. Inclusion of indigenous and societal knowledge into the data processing pipelines enables a feedback mechanism that facilitates data driven public services. |
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1028 |
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1462-9011 |
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yes |
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8328 |
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Author |
Tignat-Perrier, R., Vogel, T. M., Técher, N., Larose, C., and Dommergue, A. |
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Title |
Microorganisms Floating Through the Air |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Frontiers for young minds |
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Abstract |
Would you believe us if we told you that, when you breathe in, you inhale thousands of microorganisms with every breath. Although this might sound scary, be assured that they are safe for your health. These airborne microorganisms, too small to see with the naked eye, consist of many different species. Who are they? Where do they come from? What do they do in the air? These are some of the questions that we answer in this article, although many questions about airborne microorganisms remain to be explored. |
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1028 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8407 |
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Author |
Rune Dietz, Simon Wilson, Lisa L. Loseto, Aurélien Dommergue, Zhouqing Xie, Christian Sonne, John Chételat |
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Title |
Special issue on the AMAP 2021 assessment of mercury in the Arctic |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
843 |
Issue |
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Pages |
157020 |
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Keywords |
Biological effects Climate change Human health Indigenous participation Mercury cycle |
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Abstract |
This Editorial presents an overview of the Special Issue on advances in Arctic mercury (Hg) science synthesized from the 2021 assessment of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). Mercury continues to travel to Arctic environments and threaten wildlife and human health in this circumpolar region. Over the last decade, progress has been achieved in addressing policy-relevant uncertainties in environmental Hg contamination. This includes temporal trends of Hg, its transport to and within the Arctic, methylmercury cycling, climate change influences, biological effects of Hg on fish and wildlife, human exposure to Hg, and forecasting of Arctic responses to different future scenarios of anthropogenic Hg emissions. In addition, important contributions of Indigenous Peoples to Arctic research and monitoring of Hg are highlighted, including through projects of knowledge co-production. Finally, policy-relevant recommendations are summarized for future study of Arctic mercury. This series of scientific articles presents comprehensive information relevant to supporting effectiveness evaluation of the United Nations Minamata Convention on Mercury. |
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1028 |
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ISSN |
0048-9697 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8438 |
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Author |
I.C. Barrio, D. Ehrich, E.M. Soininen, V.T. Ravolainen, C.G. Bueno, O. Gilg, A.M. Koltz, J.D.M. Speed, D.S. Hik, M. Mörsdorf, J.M. Alatalo, A. Angerbjörn, J. Bêty, L. Bollache, N. Boulanger-Lapointe, G.S. Brown, I. Eischeid, M.A. Giroux, T. Hájek, B.B. Hansen, S.P. Hofhuis, J.-F. Lamarre, J. Lang, C. Latty, N. Lecomte, P. Macek, L. McKinnon, I.H. Myers-Smith, Å.Ø. Pedersen, J.S. Prevéy, J.D. Roth, S.T. Saalfeld, N.M. Schmidt, P. Smith, A. Sokolov, N. Sokolova, C. Stolz, R. van Bemmelen, Ø. Varpe, P.F. Woodard, I.S. Jónsdóttir |
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Title |
Developing common protocols to measure tundra herbivory across spatial scales |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Arctic Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
638-679 |
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Abstract |
Understanding and predicting large-scale ecological responses to global environmental change requires comparative studies across geographic scales with coordinated efforts and standardized methodologies. We designed, applied, and assessed standardized protocols to measure tundra herbivory at three spatial scales: plot, site (habitat), and study area (landscape). The plot- and site-level protocols were tested in the field during summers 2014–2015 at 11 sites, nine of them consisting of warming experimental plots included in the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX). The study area protocols were assessed during 2014–2018 at 24 study areas across the Arctic. Our protocols provide comparable and easy to implement methods for assessing the intensity of invertebrate herbivory within ITEX plots and for characterizing vertebrate herbivore communities at larger spatial scales. We discuss methodological constraints and make recommendations for how these protocols can be used and how sampling effort can be optimized to obtain comparable estimates of herbivory, both at ITEX sites and at large landscape scales. The application of these protocols across the tundra biome will allow characterizing and comparing herbivore communities across tundra sites and at ecologically relevant spatial scales, providing an important step towards a better understanding of tundra ecosystem responses to large-scale environmental change. |
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1036 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8339 |
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Author |
Niels Martin Schmidt, Tomas Roslin, Lars Holst Hansen, Olivier Gilg, Johannes Lang, Benoit Sittler, Jannik Hansen, Loïc Bollache, Eero Vesterinen |
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Title |
Spatio-temporal patterns in arctic fox (Vulpes alopex) diets revealed by molecular analysis of scats from Northeast Greenland |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Polar Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100838 |
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Keywords |
Greenland Metabarcoding Predation Trophic interactions Tundra |
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Abstract |
The arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) is endemic to the Arctic where it holds a central position in the trophic interactions. The diet of the species has previously been described as being highly flexible, but whether this flexibility is a constant trait through time, or merely reflects fast temporal changes in abundance among prey taxa, has so far been poorly resolved. Using molecular analyses of arctic fox scats from Northeast Greenland, we first examined the temporal dynamics of arctic fox diets during the short snow-free season, and then examined whether local food availability at different sites affected arctic fox dependence on lemmings. Arctic fox diets included most terrestrial vertebrate species found in the region, and exhibited substantial temporal changes, generally reflecting the dynamic changes in prey availability from late winter through autumn. This dietary flexibility was also reflected geographically, with arctic foxes consuming a variety of local prey (mainly waterfowl and lemmings) in summer. Moreover, the dietary response of arctic foxes to changes in lemming abundance depended on access to non-lemming prey. Based on these findings, we discuss whether varying degrees of lemming-dependency, combined with geographical differences in winter food availability, may explain previously published differences in arctic fox breeding patterns in high arctic Greenland. |
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1036 |
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1873-9652 |
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yes |
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8406 |
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Author |
Xaver von Beckerath, Gita Benadi, Olivier Gilg, Benoît Sittler, Glenn Yannic, Alexandra-Maria Klein, Bernhard Eitzinger |
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Title |
Long-term monitoring reveals topographical features and vegetation that explain winter habitat use of an Arctic rodent |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Arctic Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
349-361 |
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Abstract |
The quality of wintering habitats, such as depth of snow cover, plays a key role in sustaining population dynamics of Arctic lemmings. However, few studies so far investigated habitat use during the Arctic winter. Here, we used a unique long-term time series to test whether lemmings are associated with topographical and vegetational habitat features for their wintering sites. We examined yearly numbers and distribution of 22 769 winter nests of the collared lemming Dicrostonyx groenlandicus (Traill, 1823) from an ongoing long-term research on Traill Island, Northeast Greenland, collected between 1989 and 2019, and correlated this information with data on dominant vegetation types, elevation, and slope. We found that the number of lemming nests was highest in areas with a high proportion of Dryas heath, but was also correlated with other vegetation types, suggesting some flexibility in resource use of wintering lemmings. Furthermore, lemmings showed a higher use for sloped terrain, probably as it enhances the formation of deep snow drifts, which increases the insulative characteristics of the snowpack and protection from predators. With global warming, prime lemming winter habitats may become scarce through alteration of snow physical properties, potentially resulting in negative consequence for the whole community of terrestrial vertebrates. |
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1036 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8426 |
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Author |
Frédéric Barraquand, John-André Henden, Olivier Gilg, Rolf A. Ims, Nigel G. Yoccoz |
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Title |
The Traill island model for lemming dynamics, how it compares to Fennoscandian vole dynamics models, and a proposed simplification |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Arxiv |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2205.09441 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Quantitative Biology – Populations and Evolution |
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Abstract |
The Traill island model of Gilg et al. (2003) is a landmark attempt at mechanistic modelling of the cyclic population dynamics of rodents, focusing on a high Arctic community. It models the dynamics of one prey, the collared lemming, and four predators : the stoat, the Arctic fox, the long-tailed skua and the snowy owl. In the present short note, we first summarize how the model works in light of theory on seasonally forced predator-prey systems, with a focus on the temporal dynamics of predation rates. We show notably how the impact of generalist predation, which is able here to initiate population declines, differs slightly from that of generalist predation in other mechanistic models of rodent-mustelid interactions such as Turchin & Hanski (1997). We then provide a low-dimensional approximation with a single generalist predator compartment that mimics the essential features of the Traill island model: cycle periodicity, amplitude, shape, as well as generalist-induced declines. This simpler model should be broadly applicable to model other lemming populations that predominantly grow under the snow during the winter period. Matlab computer codes for Gilg et al. (2003), its two-dimensional approximation, as well as alternative lemming population dynamics models are provided. |
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1036 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8596 |
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Gilg, O., Hansen, L.H., Schmidt, N.M., Lang, J., Sittler, B., Sokolov, A., Sokolova, N., Fufachev, I., Ehrich, D., Forin-Wiart, M.-A., Bédard, A., Lecomte, N., Sabard, B., Pletenev, A., Gilg, V., Sabard, C., Meyer, N., Berteaux, D. & Bollache, L. |
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Title |
Predator-prey interactions between the arctic fox and tundra nesting birds in space and time: first results of an ongoing circumpolar initiative |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
6th international conference in Arctic Fox Conference 2022, 26-29 August 2022, Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
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1036 |
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yes |
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8658 |
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Ungar, P.S., Van Valkenburgh, B., Peterson, A.S., Sokolov, A.A., Sokolova, N.A., Ehrich, D., Fufachev, I.A., Gilg, O., Terekhina, A., Volkovitskiy, A. & Shtro, V. |
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Title |
Dental ecology reflects diet in arctic foxes |
Type |
Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
6th international conference in Arctic Fox Conference 2022, 26-29 August 2022, Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
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1036 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8656 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
