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L. G. Bouma, J. D. Hartman, R. Brahm, P. Evans, K. A. Collins, G. Zhou, P. Sarkis, S. N. Quinn, J. de Leon, J. Livingston, C. Bergmann, K. G. Stassun, W. Bhatti, J. N. Winn, G. Á Bakos, L. Abe, N. Crouzet, G. Dransfield, T. Guillot, W. Marie-Sainte, D. Mékarnia, A. H. M. J. Triaud, C. G. Tinney, T. Henning, N. Espinoza, A. Jordán, M. Barbieri, S. Nandakumar, T. Trifonov, J. I. Vines, M. Vuckovic, C. Ziegler, N. Law, A. W. Mann, G. R. Ricker, R. Vanderspek, S. Seager, J. M. Jenkins, C. J. Burke, D. Dragomir, A. M. Levine, E. V. Quintana, J. E. Rodriguez, J. C. Smith, B. Wohler |
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Title |
Cluster Difference Imaging Photometric Survey. II. TOI 837: A Young Validated Planet in IC 2602 |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
The Astronomical Journal |
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Volume |
160 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
239 |
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Astrophysics – Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics – Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Abstract |
We report the discovery of TOI 837b and its validation as a transiting planet. We characterize the system using data from the NASA TESS mission, the ESA Gaia mission, ground-based photometry from El Sauce and ASTEP400, and spectroscopy from CHIRON, FEROS, and Veloce. We find that TOI 837 is a $T=9.9$ mag G0/F9 dwarf in the southern open cluster IC 2602. The star and planet are therefore $35^{+11}{-5}$ million years old. Combining the transit photometry with a prior on the stellar parameters derived from the cluster color-magnitude diagram, we find that the planet has an orbital period of $8.3\,{\rm d}$ and is slightly smaller than Jupiter ($R{\rm p} = 0.77^{+0.09}{-0.07} \,R{\rm Jup}$). From radial velocity monitoring, we limit $M{\rm p}\sin i$ to less than 1.20 $M{\rm Jup}$ (3-$\sigma$). The transits either graze or nearly graze the stellar limb. Grazing transits are a cause for concern, as they are often indicative of astrophysical false positive scenarios. Our follow-up data show that such scenarios are unlikely. Our combined multi-color photometry, high-resolution imaging, and radial velocities rule out hierarchical eclipsing binary scenarios. Background eclipsing binary scenarios, though limited by speckle imaging, remain a 0.2% possibility. TOI 837b is therefore a validated adolescent exoplanet. The planetary nature of the system can be confirmed or refuted through observations of the stellar obliquity and the planetary mass. Such observations may also improve our understanding of how the physical and orbital properties of exoplanets change in time. |
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1066 |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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7804 |
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Author |
David Renault |
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Title |
A Review of the Phenotypic Traits Associated with Insect Dispersal Polymorphism, and Experimental Designs for Sorting out Resident and Disperser Phenotypes |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Insects |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
214 |
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Keywords |
fecundity hostile matrix life-history mating morphology movement range expansion reproduction wing-dimorphic wing-monomorphic |
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Abstract |
Dispersal represents a key life-history trait with several implications for the fitness of organisms, population dynamics and resilience, local adaptation, meta-population dynamics, range shifting, and biological invasions. Plastic and evolutionary changes of dispersal traits have been intensively studied over the past decades in entomology, in particular in wing-dimorphic insects for which literature reviews are available. Importantly, dispersal polymorphism also exists in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects, and except for butterflies, fewer syntheses are available. In this perspective, by integrating the very latest research in the fast moving field of insect dispersal ecology, this review article provides an overview of our current knowledge of dispersal polymorphism in insects. In a first part, some of the most often used experimental methodologies for the separation of dispersers and residents in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects are presented. Then, the existing knowledge on the morphological and life-history trait differences between resident and disperser phenotypes is synthetized. In a last part, the effects of range expansion on dispersal traits and performance is examined, in particular for insects from range edges and invasion fronts. Finally, some research perspectives are proposed in the last part of the review. |
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136 |
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yes |
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7656 |
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Author |
Philippe Ricaud, Paolo Grigioni, Romain Roehrig, Pierre Durand, Dana E. Veron |
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Title |
Trends in Atmospheric Humidity and Temperature above Dome C, Antarctica Evaluated from Observations and Reanalyses |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
836 |
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Keywords |
meteorological reanalyses microwave radiometer precipitable water radiosondes SAM index temperature trends |
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Abstract |
The time evolution of humidity and temperature above Dome C (Antarctica) has been investigated by considering data from (1) meteorological radiosondes (2005–2017), (2) the microwave radiometer HAMSTRAD (2012–2017), (3) four modern meteorological reanalyses (1980–2017) and (4) the southern annular mode (SAM) index (1980–2017). From these observations (2005–2017), a significant moistening trend (0.08 ± 0.06 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant warming trend (1.08 ± 0.55 K dec−1) in summer. Conversely, a significant drying trend of −0.04 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1 (−0.05 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant cooling trend of −2.4 ± 1.2 K dec−1 (−5.1 ± 2.0 K dec−1) in autumn (winter), with no significant trends in the spring. We demonstrate that 1) the trends identified in the radiosondes (2005–2017) are also present in the reanalyses and 2) the multidecadal variability of integrated water vapor and near-surface temperature (1980–2017) is strongly influenced by variability in the SAM index for all seasons but spring. Our study suggests that the decadal trends observed in humidity and near-surface temperature at Dome C (2005–2017) reflect the multidecadal variability of the atmosphere, and are not indicative of long-term trends that may be related to global climate change. |
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Programme |
910 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2073-4433 |
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yes |
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7838 |
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Author |
Romanova, L. G., Pokatilova, N. V., Balter, V., &Amp; Crubezy, E. |
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Title |
Mezhdisciplinarnyj podhod v izuchenii pitanija jakutov s XVII po XIX v. [Archaeological and biological approaches in the study of the Yakut diet in the 17th and 19th/20th centuries] (In Russian) |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Yakut medical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
69 |
Pages |
73-76 |
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Programme |
1038 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7784 |
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Author |
E. Crubezy, O. Melnichuk, A. Alexeev |
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Title |
Archaelogy, genetics and history 15 years of research in Yakutia (2002–2017) |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Vestnik arheologii, antropologii i etnografii |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
4 (51) |
Pages |
110-119 |
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Abstract |
For the past 15 years, our research has focused on the evolution of the first Yakut populations, their interaction with local tribes as well as with the Russian population, which marks the beginning of Yakutia's development from the first half of the 17th century. We conducted the excavation of tombs and we analysed the cultural, historical and paleogenetic data uncovered. A review and a synthesis of the main results published in articles and monographs informs our research directions for the future. |
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Programme |
1038 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1811-7465 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7936 |
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Author |
Hannah Joy Kriesell, Céline Le Bohec, Alexander F. Cerwenka, Moritz Hertel, Jean-Patrice Robin, Bernhard Ruthensteiner, Manfred Gahr, Thierry Aubin, Daniel Normen Düring |
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Title |
Vocal tract anatomy of king penguins: morphological traits of two-voiced sound production |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
5 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The astonishing variety of sounds that birds can produce has been the subject of many studies aiming to identify the underlying anatomical and physical mechanisms of sound production. An interesting feature of some bird vocalisations is the simultaneous production of two different frequencies. While most work has been focusing on songbirds, much less is known about dual-sound production in non-passerines, although their sound production organ, the syrinx, would technically allow many of them to produce “two voices”. Here, we focus on the king penguin, a colonial seabird whose calls consist of two fundamental frequency bands and their respective harmonics. The calls are produced during courtship and for partner and offspring reunions and encode the birds’ identity. We dissected, μCT-scanned and analysed the vocal tracts of six adult king penguins from Possession Island, Crozet Archipelago. |
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Programme |
119,137 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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1742-9994 |
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1742-9994 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7671 |
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Author |
L. Edel, C. Claud, C. Genthon, C. Palerme, N. Wood, T. L’Ecuyer, D. Bromwich |
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Title |
Arctic Snowfall from CloudSat Observations and Reanalyses |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Climate |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
2093-2109 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1013 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0894-8755 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
7657 |
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Author |
Léandre Ponthus, Michel de Saint Blanquat, Damien Guillaume, Marc Le Romancer, Norman Pearson, Suzanne O’Reilly, Michel Grégoire |
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Title |
Plutonic processes in transitional oceanic plateau crust: Structure, age and emplacement of the South Rallier du Baty laccolith, Kerguelen Islands |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Terra Nova |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
408-414 |
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Keywords |
alkaline magmatism Kerguelen oceanic plateau pluton emplacement syenite intrusion |
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Abstract |
The syenitic rocks of South Rallier du Baty Intrusive Complex (SRBIC) represent intrusions into the oceanic plateau basalts of the south-western Kerguelen Islands. The SRBIC was previously interpreted as a typical ring complex due to magma emplacement with cauldron subsidence. Our new structural and geochronological data reveal that it is a laccolith built between 11.6 and 7.9 Ma by successive injections of magma sheets around the crust–mantle boundary, with an average injection rate between 0.8 and 1.4 × 10−4 km3/year. These results establish strong similarities between the SRBIC, the only recorded example of a felsic laccolith in an oceanic intraplate setting, and many continental plutons emplaced in various geodynamic setting. The SRBIC thus has the characteristics of a continental plutonic complex emplaced in an oceanic plateau crust. We postulate the critical parameter relevant to causing such similarities and plutonic magmatism is crustal thickness. |
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Programme |
444-1077 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1365-3121 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8270 |
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Author |
D. B. Green, S. Bestley, R. Trebilco, S. P. Corney, P. Lehodey, C. R. McMahon, C. Guinet, Mark A. Hindell |
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Title |
Modelled mid-trophic pelagic prey fields improve understanding of marine predator foraging behaviour |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecography |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1014-1026 |
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Keywords |
ecosystem modelling kerguelen plateau micronekton predators prey interaction southern elephant seal Southern Indian Ocean |
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Abstract |
Biophysical interactions are influential in determining the scale of key ecological processes within marine ecosystems. For oceanic predators, this means foraging behaviour is influenced by processes shaping the distribution of prey. However, oceanic prey is difficult to observe and its abundance and distribution is regionally generalised. We use a spatiotemporally resolved simulation model to describe mid-trophic prey distribution within the Southern Ocean and demonstrate insights that this modelled prey field provides into the foraging behaviour of a widely distributed marine predator, the southern elephant seal. From a five-year simulation of prey biomass, we computed climatologies of mean prey biomass (average prey conditions) and prey biomass variability (meso-scale variability). We also compiled spatially gridded metrics of seal density and diving behaviour from 13 yr of tracking data. We statistically modelled these metrics as non-linear functions of prey biomass (both mean and variability) and used these to predict seal distribution and behaviour. Our predictions were consistent with observations (R2adj = 0.23), indicating that seals aggregate in regions of high mesoscale activity where eddies concentrate prey. Here, seals dived deeper (R2marg = 0.12, R2cond = 0.51) and spent less time hunting (R2marg = 0.05, R2cond = 0.56), likely targeting deep but profitable prey patches. Seals generally avoided areas of low eddy activity where prey was likely dispersed. Most seals foraged south of the Subantarctic Front, despite north of the front exhibiting consistently high simulated prey biomasses. This likely reflects seal prey or habitat preferences, but also emphasises the importance of mesoscale prey biomass variability relative to regionally high mean biomass. This work demonstrates the value of coupling mechanistic representations of prey biomass with predator observations to provide insight into how biophysical processes combine to shape species distributions. This will be increasingly important for the robust prediction of species’ responses to rapid system change. |
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Programme |
109,1201 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1600-0587 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7688 |
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Author |
Luis R. Pertierra, Nicolás I. Segovia, Daly Noll, Pablo A. Martinez, Patricio Pliscoff, Andrés Barbosa, Pedro Aragón, Andrea Raya Rey, Pierre Pistorius, Phil Trathan, Andrea Polanowski, Francesco Bonadonna, Céline Le Bohec, Ke Bi, Cynthia Y. Wang-Claypool, Daniel González-Acuña, Gisele P. M. Dantas, Rauri C. K. Bowie, Elie Poulin, Juliana A. Vianna |
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Title |
Cryptic speciation in gentoo penguins is driven by geographic isolation and regional marine conditions: Unforeseen vulnerabilities to global change |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Diversity and distributions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
958-975 |
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Keywords |
diversification ecological niche overlap gentoo penguin subspecies |
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Abstract |
Aim The conservation of biodiversity is hampered by data deficiencies, with many new species and subspecies awaiting description or reclassification. Population genomics and ecological niche modelling offer complementary new tools for uncovering functional units of phylogenetic diversity. We hypothesize that phylogenetically delineated lineages of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) distributed across Antarctica and sub-Antarctic Islands are subject to spatially explicit ecological conditions that have limited gene flow, facilitating genetic differentiation, and thereby speciation processes. Location Antarctica and sub-Antarctic area. Methods We identify divergent lineages for gentoo penguins using ddRAD-seq and mtDNA, and generated species distribution models (SDMs) based on terrestrial and marine parameters. Results Analyses of our genomic data supports the existence of four major lineages of gentoo penguin: (i) spanning the sub-Antarctic archipelagos north of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF); (ii) Kerguelen Island; (iii) South America; and (iv) across maritime Antarctic and the Scotia Arc archipelagos. The APF, a major current system around Antarctica, acts as the most important barrier separating regional sister lineages. Our ecological analyses spanning both the terrestrial (breeding sites) and marine (feeding sites) realms recover limited niche overlap among the major lineages of gentoo penguin. We observe this pattern to correspond more closely with regional differentiation of marine conditions than to terrestrial macroenvironmental features. Main conclusions Recognition of regional genetic lineages as discrete evolutionary entities that occupy distinct ecological niches and also differ morphologically should be considered a priority for conservation. Gentoo penguins provide a good example of how conservation policy can be directly impacted by new insights obtained through the integration of larger genomic datasets with novel approaches to ecological modelling. This is particularly pertinent to polar environments that are among the most rapidly changing environments on earth. |
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Programme |
137,354 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1472-4642 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7950 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
