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Records |
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Author |
Rémi Bigonneau, Romain Bazire, Cédric Marteau, Christophe Barbraud, Joan Ferrer-Obiol, Karine Delord |
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Title |
First record of Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni for Amsterdam Island, Indian Ocean |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
African Bird Club |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
94-95 |
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Abstract |
Première mention de la Glaréole à ailes noires Glareola nordmanni pour l’Île Amsterdam, Océan Indien. Une Glaréole à ailes noires Glareola nordmanni de premier hiver à été observée sur l’Île Amsterdam, dans le sud de l’Océan indien, les 12–16 novembre 2013. Il s’agît de la première donnée de cette espèce paléarctique pour l’île. Les mentions antérieures les plus proches proviennent de l’île d’Alphonse, aux Seychelles, à environ 4.200 km de l’Île Amsterdam. |
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109 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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yes |
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Serial  |
3031 |
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Author |
Agnieszka Beszczynska-Möller, Hanne Sagen, Peter Voss, Mikael K. Sejr, Thomas Soltwedel, Truls Johannessen, M.-N. Houssais, Andreas Rogge, Ian Allan, Frank Nilsen, Angelika Renner, L. H. Smedsrud, Nicholas Roden, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Laurent Chauvaud, Claudie Marec, B. Cheng, Andrew King, Christine Provost, Marcel Babin, Mathilde Sorensen |
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Title |
Enhancement of ocean and sea ice in situ observations in the Arctic under the Horizon2020 project INTAROS |
Type |
Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ocean Science Meeting 2020 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
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Abstract |
The H2020 project Integrated Arctic Observation System (INTAROS) aspires to increase the temporal and geographic coverage of in situ observations and add new key geophysical and biogeochemical variables in selected regions of the Arctic. By using a combination of mature and new instruments and sensors in integration with existing observatories, INTAROS aims to fill selected gaps in the present-day system and build additional capacity of the Arctic monitoring networks for ocean and sea ice. Three reference sites have been selected as key locations for monitoring ongoing Arctic changes: Costal Greenland, paramount for freshwater output from the Greenland ice sheet; North of Svalbard (covering the region from shelf to deep basin) – the hot-spot for ocean-air-sea ice interactions, and heat and biological energy input to the European Arctic; and Fram Strait – the critical gateway for exchanges between the Arctic and the World oceans. The existing observatories in the reference sites have been extended with new moorings and novel autonomous instrumentation, in particular for biogeochemical measurements and sea ice observations. Bottom-mounted instruments have been also implemented for seismic observations. A distributed observatory for ocean and sea ice in the Arctic Ocean and sub-Arctic seas includes non-stationary components such as ice-tethered observing platforms, float, gliders, and ships of opportunities, collecting multidisciplinary observations, still missing from the Arctic regions. New sensors, integrated platforms and experimental set-ups are currently under implementation during a two-year long deployment phase (2018-2020) with an aim to evaluate their sustained use in a future iAOS. New observations will be used for integration of new data products, demonstration studies and stakeholder consultations, contributing also to ongoing and future long-term initiatives (e.g. SAON). |
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1141 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
3811 |
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Author |
Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev, Françoise Lamy, Najat Takvorian, Nicolas Valentin, Valérie Gouesbet, Françoise Hennion, Thierry Robert |
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Title |
Genome size and chromosome number of ten plant species from Kerguelen Islands |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1985-1999 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Kerguelen Islands harbor a unique, probably very ancient flora with a high rate of endemism. However, the evolutionary history and characteristics of this flora still require investigation. This concerns in particular genome size and ploidy level variation, despite the evolutionary and ecological significance of those traits. Here we report the first assessment of genome size, using flow cytometry, for eight plant species of which two are endemics of Kerguelen Islands and four of the South Indian Ocean Province. The 2C DNA value ranged from 1.08 pg for Pringlea antiscorbutica to 11.88 pg for Ranunculus biternatus. The chromosome numbers of Colobanthus kerguelensis (2n = 80), Lyallia kerguelensis (2n = 96) and Poa kerguelensis (2n = 28) were also reported in this study for the first time. Overall, our data allowed to infer that all Kerguelen studied species are polyploid (from tetra- to octopolyploid). Intra-genus comparisons showed significant differences of 2C DNA values among Poa and among Ranunculus species, despite their identical ploidy level. In addition, our data highlight the existence of an intraspecific variability of genome size for the two octoploid species Colobanthus kerguelensis and Lyallia kerguelensis. Finally, our data also support the hypothesis regarding which polyploidy may have played a major role in the adaptation of flowering plants to high latitudes, as it has been suggested for arctic species. |
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Programme |
1116 |
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ISSN |
1432-2056 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6212 |
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Author |
F. Pitout, A. Marchaudon, K. J. Trattner, J. Berchem, H. Laakso, C. P. Escoubet |
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Title |
Simultaneous Polar and Cluster Observations in the Northern and Southern Middle-Altitude Polar Cusps Around Equinox |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
125 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
e2020JA028346 |
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Keywords |
dayside magnetosphere hemispheric asymmetry polar cusp |
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Abstract |
We present an event of simultaneous observations of the northern and southern middle-altitude polar cusps by the Polar spacecraft and Cluster fleet that occurred on 23 September 2004. We examine the possible asymmetries in the fields and plasma parameters, although the proximity of the equinox should limit these asymmetries. Ion sensors reveal two dispersions in both cusps, and data analysis leads to the conclusion that those dispersions are due to pulsed reconnection at a single X-line, which runs along the subsolar magnetopause. While the electromagnetic and particle energy fluxes injected in both cusp are globally very similar, we report significant differences in ion dispersions, width of the low-latitude boundary layer, and peak convection velocities. We ascribe these differences to the dipole tilt that introduces an asymmetry in the magnetosheath flow at the exterior cusps. |
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Programme |
312 |
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ISSN |
2169-9402 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6363 |
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Author |
Thomas Frederikse, Maya K. Buchanan, Erwin Lambert, Robert E. Kopp, Michael Oppenheimer, D. J. Rasmussen, Roderik S. W. van de Wal |
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Title |
Antarctic Ice Sheet and emission scenario controls on 21st-century extreme sea-level changes |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
390 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Uncertainties in Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios and Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) melt propagate into uncertainties in projected mean sea-level (MSL) changes and extreme sea-level (ESL) events. Here we quantify the impact of RCP scenarios and AIS contributions on 21st-century ESL changes at tide-gauge sites across the globe using extreme-value statistics. We find that even under RCP2.6, almost half of the sites could be exposed annually to a present-day 100-year ESL event by 2050. Most tropical sites face large increases in ESL events earlier and for scenarios with smaller MSL changes than extratropical sites. Strong emission reductions lower the probability of large ESL changes but due to AIS uncertainties, cannot fully eliminate the probability that large increases in frequencies of ESL events will occur. Under RCP8.5 and rapid AIS mass loss, many tropical sites, including low-lying islands face a MSL rise by 2100 that exceeds the present-day 100-year event level. |
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Programme |
688 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
2041-1723 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6437 |
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Author |
S. Fabri-Ruiz, N. Navarro, R. Laffont, B. Danis, T. Saucède |
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Title |
Diversity of Antarctic Echinoids and Ecoregions of the Southern Ocean |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biology bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
683-698 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Significant environmental changes have already been documented in the Southern Ocean (e.g. sea water temperature increase and salinity drop) but its marine life is still incompletely known given the heterogeneous nature of biogeographic data. However, to establish sustainable conservation areas, understanding species and communities distribution patterns is critical. For this purpose, the ecoregionalization approach can prove useful by identifying spatially explicit and well-delimited regions of common species composition and environmental settings. Such regions are expected to have similar biotic responses to environmental changes and can be used to define priorities for the designation of Marine Protected Areas. In the present work, a benthic ecoregionalization of the Southern Ocean is proposed based on echinoids distribution data and abiotic environmental parameters. Echinoids are widely distributed in the Southern Ocean, they are taxonomically and ecologically well diversified and documented. Given the heterogeneity of the sampling effort, predictive spatial models were produced to fill the gaps in between species distribution data. A first procedure was developed using Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) to combine individual species models into ecoregions. A second, integrative procedure was implemented using the Generalized Dissimilarity Models (GDM) to model and assemble species distributions. Both procedures were compared to propose benthic ecoregions at the scale of the entire Southern Ocean. |
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Programme |
1044 |
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ISSN |
1608-3059 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6698 |
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Author |
Fabienne Joliet, Véronique Van Tilbeurgh, Anne Atlan |
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Title |
La valeur d’existence du monde vivant selon les Inuits du Nunavik et les Occidentaux aux Kerguelen |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Annales de geographie |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
732 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
31-52 |
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Abstract |
Dans le contexte actuel de transition socio-écologique internationale, l’objectif de cet article est d’interroger la relation entre les humains et les autres vivants et choses naturelles dans les derniers espaces de vaste naturalité aux pôles. C’est à travers la notion de valeur d’existence que cette relation sera analysée dans ses retranchements chez les Inuits qui habitent le Nunavik en subarctique et les Occidentaux qui veillent sur les Kerguelen en subantarctique. Plus particulièrement, c’est la nature du lien qu’ils entretiennent avec les vivants non-humains et autres choses naturelles, et ses registres de valeurs qui sont étudiées.Ces enquêtes boréales et australes en zone protégée ou bien à ses abords montrent ainsi que ce qui prédomine, c’est le fait qu’il est attribué aux éléments naturels une valeur d’existence en fonction d’un esprit commun spirituel ou bien d’une enveloppe commune charnelle d’« être vivant ». Selon ces principes, les modalités prises par l’attribution de la valeur d’existence changent : les humains se concevant soit, comme une partie d’un ensemble au même titre que les autres vivants et choses naturelles ayant un esprit ou conscience, soit comme maîtres et protecteurs des autres vivants et choses naturelles, en tant qu’ayant une fonction dominante au sein d’« êtres vivants ». Dans cette perspective, le territoire joue un rôle spécifique favorisant l’existence même de cette valeur au-delà de ses fonctions de régulation couramment retenues. |
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Programme |
136 |
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ISSN |
0003-4010 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6947 |
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Author |
Boulinier, T., Betoulle, S., Caza, F., St Pierre, Y., Tornos, J., Gamble, A. &Amp; Tasiemski, A |
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Title |
Panorama des recherches et des derniers résultats sur les pathogènes en milieu polaire |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ipev 2020: rapport d'activité − campagne 2018 2019 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
54-65 |
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Abstract |
Approches complémentaires des interactions hôte-parasite en zones polaire: de la détection de parasites et agents infectieux à l'étude fonctionnelle, écologique et évolutive de leurs interactions avec leurs hôtes. |
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Programme |
333,1151 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1246-7375 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6951 |
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Author |
Sarah Safieddine, Marie Bouillon, Ana-Claudia Paracho, Julien Jumelet, Florent Tencé, Andrea Pazmino, Florence Goutail, Catherine Wespes, Slimane Bekki, Anne Boynard, Juliette Hadji‐Lazaro, Pierre-François Coheur, Daniel Hurtmans, Cathy Clerbaux |
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Title |
Antarctic Ozone Enhancement During the 2019 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Event |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
e2020GL087810 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We analyze the 2019 sudden stratospheric warming event that occurred in the Southern Hemisphere through its impact on the Antarctic ozone. Using temperature, ozone, and nitric acid data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), our results show that the average increase in stratospheric temperature reached a maximum of 34.4° on 20 September in the [60–90]°S latitude range when compared to the past 3 years. Dynamical parameters suggest a locally reversed and weakened zonal winds and a shift in the location of the polar jet vortex. This led to air masses mixing, to a reduced polar stratospheric clouds formation detected at a ground station, and as such to lower ozone and nitric acid depletion. 2019 total ozone columns for the months of September, October, and November were on average higher by 29%, 28%, and 26%, respectively, when compared to the 11-year average of the same months. |
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Programme |
209 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1944-8007 |
ISBN |
1944-8007 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6954 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Mioara Mandea, Aude Chambodut |
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Title |
Geomagnetic Field Processes and Their Implications for Space Weather |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Surveys in Geophysics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1611-1627 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Understanding the magnetic environment of our planet and the geomagnetic field changes in time and space is a very important issue for assessing the Sun–Earth interactions. All changes in solar activity impact the delicate balance between influences of interplanetary magnetic field and of geomagnetic field. The most dynamic events eventually result in disturbances in the magnitude and direction of the Earth’s magnetic field and therefore impact our planet and its magnetosphere as a whole. The dynamics of the ionosphere and thermosphere during magnetic storms and substorms involves the heating, expansion, and composition changes at high latitudes, but also the surface-level response in terms of geomagnetically induced currents and other geomagnetic and geoelectric disturbances. Here, we provide a short overview of the current knowledge of the Earth’s magnetic field, its present shape and the way it responds to external forces. The main aim of the paper is not to present the complexity of the space weather processes, but rather to bring the attention of the geohazard community to the possible dramatic effects of space weather events. For this, the paper highlights some societal implications of space weather on our increasingly technology-dependent society, including some possible effects of geomagnetically induced currents, the disruption of satellite communications and navigation, and risks of radiation damage both in space and in aviation. |
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Programme |
139 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1573-0956 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7016 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
