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Author Philippe Massicotte, Rémi Amiraux, Marie-Pier Amyot, Philippe Archambault, Mathieu Ardyna, Laurent Arnaud, Lise Artigue, Cyril Aubry, Pierre Ayotte, Guislain Bécu, Simon Bélanger, Ronald Benner, Henry C. Bittig, Annick Bricaud, Éric Brossier, Flavienne Bruyant, Laurent Chauvaud, Debra Christiansen-Stowe, Hervé Claustre, Véronique Cornet-Barthaux, Pierre Coupel, Christine Cox, Aurelie Delaforge, Thibaud Dezutter, Céline Dimier, Florent Domine, Francis Dufour, Christiane Dufresne, Dany Dumont, Jens Ehn, Brent Else, Joannie Ferland, Marie-Hélène Forget, Louis Fortier, Martí Galí, Virginie Galindo, Morgane Gallinari, Nicole Garcia, Catherine Gérikas Ribeiro, Margaux Gourdal, Priscilla Gourvil, Clemence Goyens, Pierre-Luc Grondin, Pascal Guillot, Caroline Guilmette, Marie-Noëlle Houssais, Fabien Joux, Léo Lacour, Thomas Lacour, Augustin Lafond, José Lagunas, Catherine Lalande, Julien Laliberté, Simon Lambert-Girard, Jade Larivière, Johann Lavaud, Anita LeBaron, Karine Leblanc, Florence Le Gall, Justine Legras, Mélanie Lemire, Maurice Levasseur, Edouard Leymarie, Aude Leynaert, Adriana Lopes dos Santos, Antonio Lourenço, David Mah, Claudie Marec, Dominique Marie, Nicolas Martin, Constance Marty, Sabine Marty, Guillaume Massé, Atsushi Matsuoka, Lisa Matthes, Brivaela Moriceau, Pierre-Emmanuel Muller, Christopher-John Mundy, Griet Neukermans, Laurent Oziel, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Jean-Jacques Pangrazi, Ghislain Picard, Marc Picheral, France Pinczon du Sel, Nicole Pogorzelec, Ian Probert, Bernard Quéguiner, Patrick Raimbault, Joséphine Ras, Eric Rehm, Erin Reimer, Jean-François Rontani, Søren Rysgaard, Blanche Saint-Béat, Makoto Sampei, Julie Sansoulet, Catherine Schmechtig, Sabine Schmidt, Richard Sempéré, Caroline Sévigny, Yuan Shen, Margot Tragin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Daniel Vaulot, Gauthier Verin, Frédéric Vivier, Anda Vladoiu, Jeremy Whitehead, Marcel Babin doi  openurl
  Title Green Edge ice camp campaigns: understanding the processes controlling the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom Type Journal
  Year 2020 Publication Earth System Science Data Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages 151-176  
  Keywords  
  Abstract

Abstract. The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling the primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) and to determine its role in the ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay (67.4797 N, 63.7895 W). During both expeditions, a large suite of physical, chemical and biological variables was measured beneath a consolidated sea-ice cover from the surface to the bottom (at 360 m depth) to better understand the factors driving the PSB. Key variables, such as conservative temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured at the ice camp. Meteorological and snow-relevant variables were also monitored. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to tidy and standardize the collected datasets, which will facilitate their reuse in other Arctic studies. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.17882/59892 (Massicotte et al., 2019a).

 
  Programme 1164  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1866-3508 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8111  
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Author Natacha Garcin openurl 
  Title The effects of stress hormones on king penguin's growth, energetics and ageing rate Type Master 2
  Year 2020 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 35  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Stress exposure and stress response are likely to vary according to life history strategies and across environmental contexts. If the release of glucocorticoids (e.g. corticosterone, CORT) in response to acute stress enables animals to rightfully cope with the situation, chronic exposure to high CORT levels can lead to deleterious cascading effects on animal’s physiology, behavior and fitness. Some species may be more adapted to cope with stressful events than others and might exhibit natural adaptations to limit the adverse consequences of prolonged high CORT levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of experimentally elevated CORT levels on the growth, energetics and ageing of king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagonicus), using sub-cutaneous CORT implants. We investigated the effects of CORT both on the medium (23 days
after implant) and the long-term (fledging: ~ 200 days after the implant) on morphological (i.e. body mass and size), behavioral (i.e. aggressivity, physical activity) and physiological traits (i.e. heart rate, CORT response to acute stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial density and telomere length). Although CORT-treated chicks were taller, more aggressive and displayed lower CORT response to acute stress on the medium-term, there was no significant impact of CORT on the body mass and whole-body energetics assessed through heart rate and physical activity. Moreover, CORT chicks displayed lower oxidized glutathione on the medium and long-term, thus indirectly preventing
oxidative damage, while telomere length and mitochondrial density were not influenced by CORT implants. Although chronic elevation of glucocorticoid levels is mostly known to result in negative physiological and behavioral outcomes, our results indicating some positive effects of CORT implants are consistent with the hypothesis that species who encounter several noxious stressors in their environment, could be naturally adapted to cope with them. The growth-enhancing effect of CORT might be mediated by a higher efficiency at which food is assimilated and/or used, and CORT chicks might benefit from aggressive behaviors during competitive interactions or predation
encounters. Through the antioxidant glutathione system, CORT treated chicks seem to have developed a resistance to oxidative stress that could last over time (i.e. possibly through a reduction
of ROS production). While CORT implants did not accelerate ageing or bring short and mediumterm costs, possible long lasting programming effects of CORT should be further investigated.
 
  Programme 119  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8101  
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Author Panhelleux Léa &Amp; Lochin Pierre openurl 
  Title Télédétection appliquée au suivi des dynamiques de la végétation des îles Kerguelen Type Master 2
  Year 2020 Publication Projet professionnel, master 2 Telenvi Université Rennes 2 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Programme 136  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8100  
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Author Haberle, V. openurl 
  Title Automatic Characterisation of Magnetic Indices with Artificial Intelligence Type Master 2
  Year 2020 Publication Irap, Toulouse Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Programme 139  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8098  
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Author A. Wargnier openurl 
  Title Characterising the time profiles of relativistic solar energetic particle events observed by neutron monitors Type Master 1
  Year 2020 Publication Internship report, M1, Univ. Paris Sciences-Lettres Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This Report Presents The Result Of The Measurement Of Characteristic Times For Relativistic Solar Energetic Par- Ticle Events Observed By Neutron Monitors. The Typical Profile Of A Solar Event Observed By Neutrons Monitors Is A Fast Rise And A Slow Decay. But These Times Differ Between Events (From A Few Minutes To Several Hours) And Quantifying Them Is Interesting. In Fact, Studying These Characteristic Times Allows Us To Better Understand Solar High Energy Events. For This, We Used The Neutron Monitor Database (Nmdb) [1] And Python To Compute The Rise Time And The Decay Time. We Observed That There Is A Linear Relationship Between Rise Time And Decay Time Of These Solar Events.there Are Some Possible Interpretations For These Characteristic Times. These Times May Be Related To The Dura- Tion Of Particle Acceleration Or The Propagation Of The Particles In The Interplanetary Medium. We Looked Then For A Link Between The Measurement Of Neutron Monitors At The Earth And The Solar Activity: In X-rays, And The Microwave Domain. Furthermore, We Studied The Fluctuations Of The Interplanetary Magnetic Field. However, All These Attempts Were Unsuccessful To Find A Relation With The Rise Time Measured By Neutron Monitors. But Ejection Speeds Of Coronal Mass Ejections And Rise Time Solar Events Detected By Neutron Monitors May Be Linked.  
  Programme 227  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8097  
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Author Mazé C., Tixier P., Boulinier T., Gamble A., Guinet C., Robin J.-p. Et J. Labonne doi  openurl
  Title La transformation vers la soutenabilité, de la théorie à la pratique : la ZATA, un modèle d'étude et d'action pertinent et efficace. Le cas des pêcheries et de la conservation des oiseaux et mammifères marins Type Peer-reviewed symposium
  Year 2020 Publication 5ème colloque des zones ateliers-cnrs 2000-2020, 20 ans de recherche du réseau des zones ateliers. blois, france, 4-5 novembre 2020. oral. actes du colloque. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract L'horizon de transformation vers la soutenabilité fondée sur le concept de résilience en écologie est décrit de manière normative dans la littérature en sciences de l'environnement ou mis en valeur à partir de cas d'étude isolés. S'ils constituent d'importantes « semences pour un bon Anthropocène » ces exemples restent encore trop rares, alors que la transformation devrait d'être entreprise à plus grande échelle et à vitesse rapide. Cette transformation nécessite urgemment d'être mise en pratique de manière plus systématique et étayée à partir de cas d'action-recherche efficaces. Pour ce faire, ceux-ci doivent être conçus et mis en œuvre grâce à de nouvelles configurations, représentations et pratiques des relations entre chercheurs et autres acteurs du territoire, publics comme privés. Autrement dit, la transformation implique un changement de gouvernance, pour aller vers une gestion adaptative des territoires, des ressources naturelles et des sociétés qui en dépendent. Elle doit faire une plus grande place aux interactions entre humains et non-humains, redéfinir en profondeur le rapport homme / nature et passer par un rééquilibrage des pouvoirs entre groupes d'acteurs et institutions, dans le processus de décision en matière de gestion environnementale. Les sciences sociales et en particulier l'anthropologie des relations homme / milieu, la sociologie politique des sciences, la sociologie politique et l'économie écologique doivent être mobilisées à cette fin, en étroite interaction avec l'écologie. Les zones-ateliers fournissent à ce titre des cas privilégiés, permettant d'opérer ce changement de paradigme, en donnant une plus grande place à l'action collective, à l'hybridation des savoirs et à l'articulation équilibrée entre intérêts divergents. Elles permettent d'identifier les paramètres déterminants pour générer de manière efficace la transformation. La ZATA, zone atelier Antarctique et Terres Australes, malgré une pression anthropique directe limitée, offre un cadre de travail privilégié pour identifier les paramètres nécessaires à la mise en œuvre d'une gouvernance propice à une gestion adaptative permettant d'augmenter la résilience des SES. La pression du changement global y est très forte, tout comme les interactions entre les diverses catégories d'acteurs et d'institutions historiquement situées. La présence des scientifiques y est très installée et mêlée à des enjeux politiques, économiques et géostratégiques auxquels contribuent la conservation de la biodiversité. A partir de deux modèles d'étude (pêcheries à Kerguelen et interactions avec la mégafaune marine/ conservation des oiseaux marins, pathogènes et dératisation à Amsterdam) faisant intervenir des chercheurs, des décideurs, des gestionnaires et les acteurs économiques dans le processus de décision multi-échelles (e.g. État français / CCAMLAR-RCTA) en termes de gestion environnementale, nous présenterons une méthode de modélisation des socio-écosystèmes en systèmes dynamiques. Les modèles produits permettent d'envisager leurs trajectoires de résilience en fonction des choix de gestion et peuvent ainsi servir d'outil d'aide à la décision et d'instrument inédit en matière de construction des mesures de gestion adaptative. Cette communication, élaborée au fil des interactions avec les gestionnaires, alliera ainsi réflexion théorique et retours sur des cas concrets pouvant permettre une montée en généralité utile pour aller vers une gouvernance des SES effective et efficace en termes de résilience et de soutenabilité.  
  Programme 119  
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  Call Number Serial (down) 8096  
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Author Marina Renedo, Paco Bustamante, Yves Cherel, Zoyne Pedrero, Emmanuel Tessier, David Amouroux doi  openurl
  Title A “seabird-eye” on mercury stable isotopes and cycling in the Southern Ocean Type Journal
  Year 2020 Publication Science of The Total Environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 742 Issue Pages 140499  
  Keywords Biogeochemistry Latitude Methylmercury Penguins Skuas  
  Abstract Since mercury (Hg) biogeochemistry in the Southern Ocean is minimally documented, we investigated Hg stable isotopes in the blood of seabirds breeding at different latitudes in the Antarctic, Subantarctic and Subtropical zones. Hg isotopic composition was determined in adult penguins (5 species) and skua chicks (2 species) from Adélie Land (66°39′S, Antarctic) to Crozet (46°25′S, Subantarctic) and Amsterdam Island (37°47′S, Subtropical). Mass-dependent (MDF, δ202Hg) and mass-independent (MIF, Δ199Hg) Hg isotopic values separated populations geographically. Antarctic seabirds exhibited lower δ202Hg values (−0.02 to 0.79 ‰, min-max) than Subantarctic (0.88 to 2.12 ‰) and Subtropical (1.44 to 2.37 ‰) seabirds. In contrast, Δ199Hg values varied slightly from Antarctic (1.31 to 1.73 ‰) to Subtropical (1.69 to 2.04 ‰) waters. The extent of methylmercury (MeHg) photodemethylation extrapolated from Δ199Hg values was not significantly different between locations, implying that most of the bioaccumulated MeHg was of mesopelagic origin. The larger increase of MDF between the three latitudes co-varies with MeHg concentrations. This supports an increasing effect of specific biogenic Hg pathways from Antarctic to Subtropical waters, such as Hg biological transformations and accumulations. This “biogenic effect” among different productive southern oceanic regions can also be related to different mixed layer depth dynamics and biological productivity turnover that specifically influence the vertical transport between the mesopelagic and the photic zones. This study shows the first Hg isotopic data of the Southern Ocean at large scale and reveals how regional Southern Ocean dynamics and productivity control marine MeHg biogeochemistry and the exposure of seabirds to Hg contamination.  
  Programme 109  
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  ISSN 0048-9697 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8081  
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Author Petra Quillfeldt, Henri Weimerskirch, Karine Delord, Yves Cherel doi  openurl
  Title Niche switching and leapfrog foraging: movement ecology of sympatric petrels during the early breeding season Type Journal
  Year 2020 Publication Movement Ecology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 23  
  Keywords Breeding schedule Central-place forager Foraging ecology Tracking  
  Abstract The timing of events in the early part of the breeding season is crucially important for successful reproduction. Long-lived animals that migrate large distances independently of each other meet at the breeding sites to re-establish their pair bonds and coordinate their breeding duties with their partners.  
  Programme 109  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2051-3933 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8080  
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Author Alexandra Lavrillier doi  openurl
  Title “Spirit-Charged” Humans in Siberia: Interrelations between the Notions of the Individual (“Spirit Charge” and “Active Imprint”) and (Ritual) Action Type Journal
  Year 2020 Publication Arctic Anthropology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 72-99  
  Keywords  
  Abstract This paper shows how a society imagines human individuals and their power to act upon spirits both ritually and materially. Based on the author’s fieldwork (from 1994 to 2019), it analyzes the emic concept onnir, which is omnipresent in the daily activities and the past and present collective/individual rituals of Siberian Evenki and Even. Each human owns a specific fluctuating “charge made of spirits” and an “active imprint” that empowers the human to act, perform rituals, develop talents, and create. Even after death, this “imprint” affects everything and everyone a human ever touched. Onnir defines the interrelations between the individual, the spirits of his or her own “charge,” and the spirits of the universe in an “active agent”-“patient” relationship. This paper contributes to studies of the notions of the individual, “playing” as a ritual means, the acceptance/rejection of neoshamans, neorituals, and the (ritual) agency of ordinary individuals.  
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  ISSN 0066-6939, 1933-8139 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8079  
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Author Samantha C. Patrick, Alexandre Corbeau, Denis Réale, Henri Weimerskirch doi  openurl
  Title Coordination in parental effort decreases with age in a long-lived seabird Type Journal
  Year 2020 Publication Oikos Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 129 Issue 12 Pages 1763-1772  
  Keywords albatrosses biologging foraging bout incubation shift duration life history tradeoffs parental care sexual conflict  
  Abstract Biparental care is widespread in avian species. Individuals may match the contribution of their partner, resulting in equal parental effort, or may exploit their partner, to minimise their own investment. These two hypotheses have received much theoretical and empirical attention in short-lived species, that change mates between seasons. However, in species with persistent pair bonds, where divorce is rare and costly, selective pressures are different, as partners share the value of future reproduction. In such species, coordination has been suggested to be adaptive and to increase early in life, as a consequence of the importance of mate familiarity. However, as birds age, an increase in re-pairing probability occurs in parallel to a decline in their survival probability. At the point when partners no longer share future reproductive success, exploitation of a partner could become adaptive, reducing selection for coordinated effort. As such, we suggest that coordination in parental effort will decline with age in long-lived species. Using incubation bout duration data, estimated from salt-water immersion bio-loggers, deployed on black-browed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris, we examined the correlation in incubation bout durations for sequential bouts, as a measure of coordination. Our results show that coordination is highest in inexperienced pairs (early in reproductive life) and declines throughout the lifetime of birds. This suggests that both cooperation, indicated by coordinated effort, and conflict over care occurs in this species. We find no change in individual bout duration with increasing breeding experience, and hence no support for the hypothesis that aging leads to changes in individual incubation behaviour. This is, to our knowledge, the first study to demonstrate strong coordination in parental care when pairs share future reproductive success, but a decline in coordination with age, as sexual conflict increases.  
  Programme 109  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1600-0706 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial (down) 8078  
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