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Philippe Ricaud, Paolo Grigioni, Romain Roehrig, Pierre Durand, Dana E. Veron |
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Title |
Trends in Atmospheric Humidity and Temperature above Dome C, Antarctica Evaluated from Observations and Reanalyses |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication  |
Atmosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
836 |
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Keywords |
meteorological reanalyses microwave radiometer precipitable water radiosondes SAM index temperature trends |
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Abstract |
The time evolution of humidity and temperature above Dome C (Antarctica) has been investigated by considering data from (1) meteorological radiosondes (2005–2017), (2) the microwave radiometer HAMSTRAD (2012–2017), (3) four modern meteorological reanalyses (1980–2017) and (4) the southern annular mode (SAM) index (1980–2017). From these observations (2005–2017), a significant moistening trend (0.08 ± 0.06 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant warming trend (1.08 ± 0.55 K dec−1) in summer. Conversely, a significant drying trend of −0.04 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1 (−0.05 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant cooling trend of −2.4 ± 1.2 K dec−1 (−5.1 ± 2.0 K dec−1) in autumn (winter), with no significant trends in the spring. We demonstrate that 1) the trends identified in the radiosondes (2005–2017) are also present in the reanalyses and 2) the multidecadal variability of integrated water vapor and near-surface temperature (1980–2017) is strongly influenced by variability in the SAM index for all seasons but spring. Our study suggests that the decadal trends observed in humidity and near-surface temperature at Dome C (2005–2017) reflect the multidecadal variability of the atmosphere, and are not indicative of long-term trends that may be related to global climate change. |
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910 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2073-4433 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7838 |
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Author |
Philippe Ricaud, Massimo Del Guasta, Eric Bazile, Niramson Azouz, Angelo Lupi, Pierre Durand, Jean-Luc Attié, Dana Veron, Vincent Guidard, Paolo Grigioni |
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Title |
Supercooled liquid water cloud observed, analysed, and modelled at the top of the planetary boundary layer above Dome C, Antarctica |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
4167-4191 |
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Abstract |
Abstract. A comprehensive analysis of the water budget over the Dome C (Concordia, Antarctica) station has been performed during the austral summer 2018–2019 as part of the Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP) international campaign. Thin (∼100 m deep) supercooled liquid water (SLW) clouds have been detected and analysed using remotely sensed observations at the station (tropospheric depolarization lidar, the H2O Antarctica Microwave Stratospheric and Tropospheric Radiometer (HAMSTRAD), net surface radiation from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN)), radiosondes, and satellite observations (CALIOP, Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization/CALIPSO, Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) combined with a specific configuration of the numerical weather prediction model: ARPEGE-SH (Action de Recherche Petite Echelle Grande Echelle – Southern Hemisphere). The analysis shows that SLW clouds were present from November to March, with the greatest frequency occurring in December and January when ∼50 % of the days in summer time exhibited SLW clouds for at least 1 h. Two case studies are used to illustrate this phenomenon. On 24 December 2018, the atmospheric planetary boundary layer (PBL) evolved following a typical diurnal variation, which is to say with a warm and dry mixing layer at local noon thicker than the cold and dry stable layer at local midnight. Our study showed that the SLW clouds were observed at Dome C within the entrainment and the capping inversion zones at the top of the PBL. ARPEGE-SH was not able to correctly estimate the ratio between liquid and solid water inside the clouds with the liquid water path (LWP) strongly underestimated by a factor of 1000 compared to observations. The lack of simulated SLW in the model impacted the net surface radiation that was 20–30 W m−2 higher in the BSRN observations than in the ARPEGE-SH calculations, mainly attributable to the BSRN longwave downward surface radiation being 50 W m−2 greater than that of ARPEGE-SH. The second case study took place on 20 December 2018, when a warm and wet episode impacted the PBL with no clear diurnal cycle of the PBL top. SLW cloud appearance within the entrainment and capping inversion zones coincided with the warm and wet event. The amount of liquid water measured by HAMSTRAD was ∼20 times greater in this perturbed PBL than in the typical PBL. Since ARPEGE-SH was not able to accurately reproduce these SLW clouds, the discrepancy between the observed and calculated net surface radiation was even greater than in the typical PBL case, reaching +50 W m−2, mainly attributable to the downwelling longwave surface radiation from BSRN being 100 W m−2 greater than that of ARPEGE-SH. The model was then run with a new partition function favouring liquid water for temperatures below −20 down to −40 ∘C. In this test mode, ARPEGE-SH has been able to generate SLW clouds with modelled LWP and net surface radiation consistent with observations during the typical case, whereas, during the perturbed case, the modelled LWP was 10 times less than the observations and the modelled net surface radiation remained lower than the observations by ∼50 W m−2. Accurately modelling the presence of SLW clouds appears crucial to correctly simulate the surface energy budget over the Antarctic Plateau. |
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910 |
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ISSN |
1680-7316 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7642 |
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Author |
Franz Slemr, Lynwill Martin, Casper Labuschagne, Thumeka Mkololo, Hélène Angot, Olivier Magand, Aurélien Dommergue, Philippe Garat, Michel Ramonet, Johannes Bieser |
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Title |
Atmospheric mercury in the Southern Hemisphere – Part 1: Trend and inter-annual variations in atmospheric mercury at Cape Point, South Africa, in 2007–2017, and on Amsterdam Island in 2012–2017 |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
7683-7692 |
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Abstract |
The Minamata Convention On Mercury (Hg) Entered Into Force In 2017, Committing Its 116 Parties (As Of January 2019) To Curb Anthropogenic Emissions. Monitoring Of Atmospheric Concentrations And Trends Is An Important Part Of The Effectiveness Evaluation Of The Convention. A Few Years Ago (In 2017) We Reported An Increasing Trend In Atmospheric Hg Concentrations At The Cape Point Global Atmosphere Watch (Gaw) Station In South Africa (34.3535∘ S, 18.4897∘ E) For The 2007–2015 Period. With 2 More Years Of Measurements At Cape Point And The 2012–2017 Data From Amsterdam Island (37.7983∘ S, 77.5378∘ E) In The Remote Southern Indian Ocean, A More Complex Picture Emerges: At Cape Point The Upward Trend For The 2007–2017 Period Is Still Significant, But No Trend Or A Slightly Downward Trend Was Detected For The Period 2012–2017 At Both Cape Point And Amsterdam Island. The Upward Trend At Cape Point Is Driven Mainly By The Hg Concentration Minimum In 2009 And Maxima In 2014 And 2012. Using Ancillary Data On 222rn, Co, O3, Co2, And Ch4 From Cape Point And Amsterdam Island, The Possible Reasons For The Trend And Its Change Are Investigated. In A Companion Paper This Analysis Is Extended For The Cape Point Station By Calculations Of Source And Sink Regions Using Backward-trajectory Analysis. |
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416,1028 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1680-7316 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7736 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Winton V.H.L., Ming A., Caillon N., Hauge L. Jones A.E., Savarino J., Yang X., Frey M.M. |
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Title |
Deposition, recycling, and archival of nitrate stable isotopes between the air–snow interface: comparison between Dronning Maud Land and Dome C, Antarctica |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
5861–5885 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The nitrogen stable isotopic composition in nitrate (δ15N-NO−3) measured in ice cores from low-snow-accumulation regions in East Antarctica has the potential to provide constraints on past ultraviolet (UV) radiation and thereby total column ozone (TCO) due to the sensitivity of nitrate (NO−3) photolysis to UV radiation. However, understanding the transfer of reactive nitrogen at the air–snow interface in polar regions is paramount for the interpretation of ice core records of δ15N-NO−3 and NO−3 mass concentrations. As NO−3 undergoes a number of post-depositional processes before it is archived in ice cores, site-specific observations of δ15N-NO−3 and air–snow transfer modelling are necessary to understand and quantify the complex photochemical processes at play. As part of the Isotopic Constraints on Past Ozone Layer Thickness in Polar Ice (ISOL-ICE) project, we report new measurements of NO−3 mass concentration and δ15N-NO−3 in the atmosphere, skin layer (operationally defined as the top 5 mm of the snowpack), and snow pit depth profiles at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land (DML), Antarctica. We compare the results to previous studies and new data, presented here, from Dome C on the East Antarctic Plateau. Additionally, we apply the conceptual 1D model of TRansfer of Atmospheric Nitrate Stable Isotopes To the Snow (TRANSITS) to assess the impact of NO−3 recycling on δ15N-NO−3 and NO−3 mass concentrations archived in snow and firn. We find clear evidence of NO−3 photolysis at DML and confirmation of previous theoretical, field, and laboratory studies that UV photolysis is driving NO−3 recycling and redistribution at DML. Firstly, strong denitrification of the snowpack is observed through the δ15N-NO−3 signature, which evolves from the enriched snowpack (−3 ‰ to 100 ‰), to the skin layer (−20 ‰ to 3 ‰), to the depleted atmosphere (−50 ‰ to −20 ‰), corresponding to mass loss of NO−3 from the snowpack. Based on the TRANSITS model, we find that NO−3 is recycled two times, on average, before it is archived in the snowpack below 15 cm and within 0.75 years (i.e. below the photic zone). Mean annual archived δ15N-NO−3 and NO−3 mass concentration values are 50 ‰ and 60 ng g−1, respectively, at the DML site. We report an e-folding depth (light attenuation) of 2–5 cm for the DML site, which is considerably lower than Dome C. A reduced photolytic loss of NO−3 at DML results in less enrichment of δ15N-NO−3 than at Dome C mainly due to the shallower e-folding depth but also due to the higher snow accumulation rate based on TRANSITS-modelled sensitivities. Even at a relatively low snow accumulation rate of 6 cm yr−1 (water equivalent; w.e.), the snow accumulation rate at DML is great enough to preserve the seasonal cycle of NO−3 mass concentration and δ15N-NO−3, in contrast to Dome C where the depth profiles are smoothed due to longer exposure of surface snow layers to incoming UV radiation before burial. TRANSITS sensitivity analysis of δ15N-NO−3 at DML highlights that the dominant factors controlling the archived δ15N-NO−3 signature are the e-folding depth and snow accumulation rate, with a smaller role from changes in the snowfall timing and TCO. Mean TRANSITS model sensitivities of archived δ15N-NO−3 at the DML site are 100 ‰ for an e-folding depth change of 8 cm, 110 ‰ for an annual snow accumulation rate change of 8.5 cm yr−1 w.e., 10 ‰ for a change in the dominant snow deposition season between winter and summer, and 10 ‰ for a TCO change of 100 DU (Dobson units). Here we set the framework for the interpretation of a 1000-year ice core record of δ15N-NO−3 from DML. Ice core δ15N-NO−3 records at DML will be less sensitive to changes in UV than at Dome C; however the higher snow accumulation rate and more accurate dating at DML allows for higher-resolution δ15N-NO−3 records. |
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Programme |
1177 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1680-7316 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7855 |
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Author |
Steven Compernolle, Tijl Verhoelst, Gaia Pinardi, José Granville, Daan Hubert, Arno Keppens, Sander Niemeijer, Bruno Rino, Alkis Bais, Steffen Beirle, Folkert Boersma, John P. Burrows, Isabelle De Smedt, Henk Eskes, Florence Goutail, François Hendrick, Alba Lorente, Andrea Pazmino, Ankie Piters, Enno Peters, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Julia Remmers, Andreas Richter, Jos van Geffen, Michel Van Roozendael, Thomas Wagner, Jean-Christopher Lambert |
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Title |
Validation of Aura-OMI QA4ECV NO2 climate data records with ground-based DOAS networks: the role of measurement and comparison uncertainties |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
8017-8045 |
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Abstract |
The Qa4ecv (Quality Assurance For Essential Climate Variables) Version 1.1 Stratospheric And Tropospheric No2 Vertical Column Density (Vcd) Climate Data Records (Cdrs) From The Omi (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) Satellite Sensor Are Validated Using Ndacc (Network For The Detection Of Atmospheric Composition Change) Zenith-scattered Light Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (Zsl-doas) And Multi-axis Doas (Max-doas) Data As A Reference. The Qa4ecv Omi Stratospheric Vcds Have A Small Bias Of ∼0.2 Pmolec.cm-2 (5 %–10 %) And A Dispersion Of 0.2 To 1 Pmolec.cm-2 With Respect To The Zsl-doas Measurements. Qa4ecv Tropospheric Vcd Observations From Omi Are Restricted To Near-cloud-free Scenes, Leading To A Negative Sampling Bias (With Respect To The Unrestricted Scene Ensemble) Of A Few Peta Molecules Per Square Centimetre (Pmolec.cm-2) Up To −10 Pmolec.cm-2 (−40 %) In One Extreme High-pollution Case. The Qa4ecv Omi Tropospheric Vcd Has A Negative Bias With Respect To The Max-doas Data (−1 To −4 Pmolec.cm-2), Which Is A Feature Also Found For The Omi Omno2 Standard Data Product. The Tropospheric Vcd Discrepancies Between Satellite Measurements And Ground-based Data Greatly Exceed The Combined Measurement Uncertainties. Depending On The Site, Part Of The Discrepancy Can Be Attributed To A Combination Of Comparison Errors (Notably Horizontal Smoothing Difference Error), Measurement/retrieval Errors Related To Clouds And Aerosols, And The Difference In Vertical Smoothing And A Priori Profile Assumptions. |
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Programme |
209 |
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ISSN |
1680-7316 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8014 |
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Author |
Albane Barbero, Camille Blouzon, Joël Savarino, Nicolas Caillon, Aurélien Dommergue, Roberto Grilli |
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Title |
A compact incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for trace detection of nitrogen oxides, iodine oxide and glyoxal at levels below parts per billion for field applications |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
4317-4331 |
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Programme |
1028,1177 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1867-1381 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7854 |
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Author |
Tijl Verhoelst, Steven Compernolle, Gaia Pinardi, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Henk J. Eskes, Kai-Uwe Eichmann, Ann Mari Fjæraa, José Granville, Sander Niemeijer, Alexander Cede, Martin Tiefengraber, François Hendrick, Andrea Pazmiño, Alkiviadis Bais, Ariane Bazureau, K. Folkert Boersma, Kristof Bognar, Angelika Dehn, Sebastian Donner, Aleksandr Elokhov, Manuel Gebetsberger, Florence Goutail, Michel Grutter de la Mora, Aleksandr Gruzdev, Myrto Gratsea, Georg H. Hansen, Hitoshi Irie, Nis Jepsen, Yugo Kanaya, Dimitris Karagkiozidis, Rigel Kivi, Karin Kreher, Pieternel F. Levelt, Cheng Liu, Moritz Müller, Monica Navarro Comas, Ankie J. M. Piters, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Thierry Portafaix, Olga Puentedura, Richard Querel, Julia Remmers, Andreas Richter, John Rimmer, Claudia Rivera Cárdenas, Lidia Saavedra de Miguel, Valery P. Sinyakov, Kimberley Strong, Michel Van Roozendael, J. Pepijn Veefkind, Thomas Wagner, Folkard Wittrock, Margarita Yela González, Claus Zehner |
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Title |
Ground-based validation of the Copernicus Sentinel-5p TROPOMI NO2 measurements with the NDACC ZSL-DOAS, MAX-DOAS and Pandonia global networks |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-40 |
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Abstract |
This Paper Reports On Consolidated Ground-based Validation Results Of The Atmospheric No2 Data Produced Operationally Since April 2018 By The Tropomi Instrument On Board Of The Esa/eu Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5p) Satellite. Tropospheric, Stratospheric, And Total No2 Column Data From S5p Are Compared To Correlative Measurements Collected From, Respectively, 19 Multi-axis Doas (Max-doas), 26 Ndacc Zenith-scattered-light Doas (Zsl-doas), And 25 Pgn/pandora Instruments Distributed Globally. The Validation Methodology Gives Special Care To Minimizing Mismatch Errors Due To Imperfect Spatio-temporal Co-location Of The Satellite And Correlative Data, E.g., By Using Tailored Observation Operators To Account For Differences In Smoothing And In Sampling Of Atmospheric Structures And Variability, And Photochemical Modelling To Reduce Diurnal Cycle Effects. Compared To The Ground-based Measurements, S5p Data Show, On An Average: (I) A Negative Bias For The Tropospheric Column Data, Of Typically −23 To −37 % In Clean To Slightly Polluted Conditions, But Reaching Values As High As −51 % Over Highly Polluted Areas; (Ii) A Slight Negative Bias For The Stratospheric Column Data, Of About −0.2 Pmolec/cm2, I.e. Approx. −2 % In Summer To −15 % In Winter; And (Iii) A Bias Ranging From Zero To −50 % For The Total Column Data, Found To Depend On The Amplitude Of The Total No2 Column, With Small To Slightly Positive Bias Values For Columns Below 6 Pmolec/cm2 And Negative Values Above. The Dispersion Between S5p And Correlative Measurements Contains Mostly Random Components, Which Remain Within Mission Requirements For The Stratospheric Column Data (0.5 Pmolec/cm2), But Exceed Those For The Tropospheric Column Data (0.7 Pmolec/cm2). While A Part Of The Biases And Dispersion May Be Due To Representativeness Differences, It Is Known That Errors In The S5p Tropospheric Columns Exist Due To Shortcomings In The (Horizontally Coarse) A-priori Profile Representation In The Tm5-mp Chemistry Transport Model Used In The S5p Retrieval, And To A Lesser Extent, To The Treatment Of Cloud Effects. Although Considerable Differences (Up To 2 Pmolec/cm2 And More) Are Observed At Single Ground-pixel Level, The Near-real-time (Nrti) And Off-line (Offl) Versions Of The S5p No2 Operational Data Processor Provide Similar No2 Column Values And Validation Results When Globally Averaged, With The Nrti Values Being On Average 0.79 % Larger Than The Offl Values. |
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Programme |
209 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1867-1381 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7782 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Philip N. Trathan, Barbara Wienecke, Christophe Barbraud, Stéphanie Jenouvrier, Gerald Kooyman, Céline Le Bohec, David G. Ainley, André Ancel, Daniel P. Zitterbart, Steven L. Chown, Michelle LaRue, Robin Cristofari, Jane Younger, Gemma Clucas, Charles-André Bost, Jennifer A. Brown, Harriet J. Gillett, Peter T. Fretwell |
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Title |
The emperor penguin – Vulnerable to projected rates of warming and sea ice loss |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biological Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
241 |
Issue |
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Pages |
108216 |
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Keywords |
Antarctic Climate change Conservation IUCN Red List threat status Protection |
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Abstract |
We argue the need to improve climate change forecasting for ecology, and importantly, how to relate long-term projections to conservation. As an example, we discuss the need for effective management of one species, the emperor penguin, Aptenodytes forsteri. This species is unique amongst birds in that its breeding habit is critically dependent upon seasonal fast ice. Here, we review its vulnerability to ongoing and projected climate change, given that sea ice is susceptible to changes in winds and temperatures. We consider published projections of future emperor penguin population status in response to changing environments. Furthermore, we evaluate the current IUCN Red List status for the species, and recommend that its status be changed to Vulnerable, based on different modelling projections of population decrease of ≥50% over the current century, and the specific traits of the species. We conclude that current conservation measures are inadequate to protect the species under future projected scenarios. Only a reduction in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions will reduce threats to the emperor penguin from altered wind regimes, rising temperatures and melting sea ice; until such time, other conservation actions are necessary, including increased spatial protection at breeding sites and foraging locations. The designation of large-scale marine spatial protection across its range would benefit the species, particularly in areas that have a high probability of becoming future climate change refugia. We also recommend that the emperor penguin is listed by the Antarctic Treaty as an Antarctic Specially Protected Species, with development of a species Action Plan. |
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137,394 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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0006-3207 |
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yes |
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7678 |
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Author |
S. Fabri-Ruiz, N. Navarro, R. Laffont, B. Danis, T. Saucède |
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Title |
Diversity of Antarctic Echinoids and Ecoregions of the Southern Ocean |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biology bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
683-698 |
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Abstract |
Significant environmental changes have already been documented in the Southern Ocean (e.g. sea water temperature increase and salinity drop) but its marine life is still incompletely known given the heterogeneous nature of biogeographic data. However, to establish sustainable conservation areas, understanding species and communities distribution patterns is critical. For this purpose, the ecoregionalization approach can prove useful by identifying spatially explicit and well-delimited regions of common species composition and environmental settings. Such regions are expected to have similar biotic responses to environmental changes and can be used to define priorities for the designation of Marine Protected Areas. In the present work, a benthic ecoregionalization of the Southern Ocean is proposed based on echinoids distribution data and abiotic environmental parameters. Echinoids are widely distributed in the Southern Ocean, they are taxonomically and ecologically well diversified and documented. Given the heterogeneity of the sampling effort, predictive spatial models were produced to fill the gaps in between species distribution data. A first procedure was developed using Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) to combine individual species models into ecoregions. A second, integrative procedure was implemented using the Generalized Dissimilarity Models (GDM) to model and assemble species distributions. Both procedures were compared to propose benthic ecoregions at the scale of the entire Southern Ocean. |
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1044 |
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1608-3059 |
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yes |
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6698 |
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Author |
Frédéric Angelier, Olivier Chastel, Adam Z. Lendvai, Charline Parenteau, Henri Weimerskirch, John C. Wingfield |
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Title |
When do older birds better resist stress? A study of the corticosterone stress response in snow petrels |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biology letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
20190733 |
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Abstract |
Life-history theory predicts that, to optimize their fitness, individuals should increase their reproductive effort as their residual reproductive value decreases. Accordingly, several studies have shown that individuals downregulate their glucocorticoid stress response (a proxy of reproductive investment in vertebrates) as they age, and as the subsequent reproductive value decreases. However, and surprisingly, results appear inconsistent, suggesting that the environmental context or the individual state may affect the relationship between age and reproductive effort. Here, we tested for the first time this hypothesis, and more specifically, whether this attenuation of the corticosterone stress response with advancing age depends on the energetic status of individuals. We compared the influence of age on the corticosterone stress response between fasting and non-fasting breeding snow petrels (Pagodroma nivea), an extremely long-lived bird. As expected, we found that the corticosterone stress response was attenuated in old petrels, but only when they were not fasting. Interestingly, this pattern was not apparent in fasting petrels, suggesting that old birds downregulate their corticosterone stress response and increase their parental investment only when they are in good body condition. At the ultimate level, old individuals may maintain a strong corticosterone stress response when fasting because the survival costs of increased stress resistance and parental effort might then outweigh their reproductive benefits. |
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Programme |
109 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
Royal Society |
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yes |
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7669 |
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