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	Author	Alexey Lyubushin
	Title	Global Seismic Noise Entropy			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	Frontiers in Earth Science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	8	Issue		Pages	558
	Keywords
	Abstract	Data of continuous records of low-frequency (periods from 2 to 1,000 min) seismic noise on a global network of 229 broadband stations located around the world for 23 years, 1997–2019, are analyzed. The daily values of the entropy of the distribution of the squares of the orthogonal wavelet coefficients are considered as an informative characteristic of noise. An auxiliary network of 50 reference points is introduced, the positions of which are determined from the clustering of station positions. For each reference point, a time series is calculated, consisting of 8,400 samples with a time step of 1 day, the values of which are determined as the medians of the entropy values at the five nearest stations that are operable during the given day. The introduction of a system of reference points makes it possible to estimate temporal and spatial changes in the correlation of noise entropy values around the world. Estimation in an annual sliding time window revealed a time interval from mid-2002 to mid-2003, when there was an abrupt change in the properties of global noise and an intensive increase in both average entropy correlations and spatial correlation scales began. This trend continues until the end of 2019, and it is interpreted as a feature of seismic noise which is connected with an increase in the intensity of the strongest earthquakes, which began with the Sumatran mega-earthquake of December 26, 2004 (M = 9.3). The values of the correlation function between the logarithm of the released seismic energy and the bursts of coherence between length of day and the entropy of seismic noise in the annual time window indicate the delay in the release of seismic energy relative to the coherence maxima. This lag is interpreted as a manifestation of the triggering effect of the irregular rotation of the Earth on the increase in global seismic hazard.
	Programme	133
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2296-6463	ISBN	2296-6463	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7889
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	Author	Matthis Auger, Rosemary Morrow, Elodie Kestenare, Jean-Baptiste Sallée, Rebecca Cowley
	Title	Southern Ocean in-situ temperature trends over 25 years emerge from interannual variability			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	Nature Communications	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	12	Issue	1	Pages	514
	Keywords
	Abstract	Despite playing a major role in global ocean heat storage, the Southern Ocean remains the most sparsely measured region of the global ocean. Here, a unique 25-year temperature time-series of the upper 800 m, repeated several times a year across the Southern Ocean, allows us to document the long-term change within water-masses and how it compares to the interannual variability. Three regions stand out as having strong trends that dominate over interannual variability: warming of the subantarctic waters (0.29 ± 0.09 °C per decade); cooling of the near-surface subpolar waters (−0.07 ± 0.04 °C per decade); and warming of the subsurface subpolar deep waters (0.04 ± 0.01 °C per decade). Although this subsurface warming of subpolar deep waters is small, it is the most robust long-term trend of our section, being in a region with weak interannual variability. This robust warming is associated with a large shoaling of the maximum temperature core in the subpolar deep water (39 ± 09 m per decade), which has been significantly underestimated by a factor of 3 to 10 in past studies. We find temperature changes of comparable magnitude to those reported in Amundsen–Bellingshausen Seas, which calls for a reconsideration of current ocean changes with important consequences for our understanding of future Antarctic ice-sheet mass loss.
	Programme	694
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2041-1723	ISBN	2041-1723	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7837
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	Author	David Renault
	Title	A Review of the Phenotypic Traits Associated with Insect Dispersal Polymorphism, and Experimental Designs for Sorting out Resident and Disperser Phenotypes			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	Insects	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue	4	Pages	214
	Keywords	fecundity hostile matrix life-history mating morphology movement range expansion reproduction wing-dimorphic wing-monomorphic
	Abstract	Dispersal represents a key life-history trait with several implications for the fitness of organisms, population dynamics and resilience, local adaptation, meta-population dynamics, range shifting, and biological invasions. Plastic and evolutionary changes of dispersal traits have been intensively studied over the past decades in entomology, in particular in wing-dimorphic insects for which literature reviews are available. Importantly, dispersal polymorphism also exists in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects, and except for butterflies, fewer syntheses are available. In this perspective, by integrating the very latest research in the fast moving field of insect dispersal ecology, this review article provides an overview of our current knowledge of dispersal polymorphism in insects. In a first part, some of the most often used experimental methodologies for the separation of dispersers and residents in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects are presented. Then, the existing knowledge on the morphological and life-history trait differences between resident and disperser phenotypes is synthetized. In a last part, the effects of range expansion on dispersal traits and performance is examined, in particular for insects from range edges and invasion fronts. Finally, some research perspectives are proposed in the last part of the review.
	Programme	136
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	Corporate Author				Thesis	Bachelor's thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7656
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	Author	Sylvie Duchesne, R Bravina, V POPOV, S Kolodeznikov, P Gérard, V Myglan, Ch Hochstrasser-Petit, L Romanova, M Petit, N Kirianov, A Alexeev, L Alekseeva, A Riberon, E Crubézy
	Title	Frozen graves of Yakutia, a chronological sequence			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue		Pages	120-130
	Keywords	artefacts Christianization chronology funeral practices modern period soil burial Yakutia Yakuts
	Abstract	Distribution, cultural and chronological attribution of frozen graves of Yakutia between the beginning of 17th and end of 19th century. The funerary rites and the artefacts allow to differentiate four chrono-cultural periods (before 1700 AD, from 1700 to 1750 AD, from 1750 to 1800 AD and after 1800 AD) which could be associated with historical events: opening of the trading post of Nertchinsk, expansion of the Kangalasky clan, economic collapse, generalization of Christianization.
	Programme	1038
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	8012
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	Author	Crouzet N., Guillot T., Abe L., Mékarnia D., Agabi K., Bresson Y., Bailet C., Mauclert N., Heras A., Ferruit P., Triaud A., Lagrange A., Schmider ., Giardino G., Isaak K., Kohley R., Michalik D., Foing B., Pilbratt G., Stankov A., Gondoin P., Birkmann S., O'Rourke L.
	Title	Two-colour photometry to search for transiting exoplanets with ASTEP at Dome C, Antarctica			Type	Communication
	Year	2020	Publication	Scar 2020 open science conference	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	Dome C in Antarctica provides exceptional conditions for photometry thanks to the continuous night during the Antarctic winter, a high clear sky fraction, low wind speeds, and a cold and dry atmosphere. The ASTEP project (Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets) aims at detecting and characterising transiting exoplanets and qualifying this site for photometry in the visible. The main instrument, a 40 cm telescope, has been designed to perform high precision photometry under the extreme conditions of the Antarctic winter and has operated at the Concordia station since 2010. It will be upgraded with two new cameras and a new camera box in order to provide simultaneous two-colour photometry and substantially increase its throughput. The new setup will be operational for the winter campaign 2021 and will allow us to discover transiting exoplanets orbiting bright stars in particular low mass exoplanets, temperate exoplanets, exoplanets around young stars, and to refine the ephemerides of exoplanets discovered by the TESS mission. These observations will provide targets for first characterisation with the CHEOPS mission and atmospheric studies with the JWST and ARIEL missions. In this talk, I will describe the science goals and the upgrade of the ASTEP telescope.
	Programme	1066
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7806
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	Author	Nicolas Crouzet, Abdelkrim Agabi, Tristan Guillot, Lyu Abe, François-Xavier Schmider, Djamel Mékarnia, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Yves Bresson, Nicolas Mauclert, Christophe Bailet, Dennis Breeveld, Sander Blommaert, Brian Shortt, Jean-Baptiste Daban, Anne-Marie Lagrange, Romain Touzé, Justin Dufour, Valentin Stee, Jocelyn Caruana
	Title	Towards ASTEP+, a two-color photometric telescope at Dome C, Antarctica			Type	Peer-reviewed symposium
	Year	2020	Publication	Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11447	Issue		Pages	114470O
	Keywords
	Abstract	Dome C, Antarctica is unique in particular for long-duration astronomical observations due to the excellent weather conditions and nearly uninterrupted nights during the Southern winter period. The 40 cm telescope ASTEP has been operating successfully at the Concordia base, at Dome C, since 2010. We describe the new ASTEP+, a major upgrade of its camera box which will allow it to observe simultaneously in two colors. Approximately three times more photons will be collected for science, yielding more sensitive and accurate observations. The southern location of the telescope means that it is ideally located to follow-up exoplanetary targets in preparation for the future JWST and Ariel observations, in particular when located in the southern continuous viewing zones of these space-based telescopes.
	Programme	1066
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7803
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	Author	Rémi Amiraux, Christopher Burot, Patricia Bonin, Guillaume Massé, Sophie Guasco, Marcel Babin, Frédéric Vaultier, Jean-François Rontani
	Title	Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt: Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	8	Issue	1	Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to account for such low bacterial activity. We further tested this hypothesis by analyzing samples of sea ice and sinking particles collected from May 18 to June 29, 2016, in western Baffin Bay as part of the Green Edge project. We applied a method not previously used in polar regions—quantitative PCR coupled to the propidium monoazide DNA-binding method—to evaluate the viability of bacteria associated with sympagic and sinking algae. We also measured cis-trans isomerase activity, known to indicate rapid bacterial response to salinity stress in culture studies, as well as free fatty acids known to be produced by algae as bactericidal compounds. The viability of sympagic-associated bacteria was strong in May (only approximately 10% mortality of total bacteria) and weaker in June (average mortality of 43%; maximum of 75%), with instances of elevated mortality in sinking particle samples across the time series (up to 72%). Short-term stress reflected by cis-trans isomerase activity was observed only in samples of sinking particles collected early in the time series. Following snow melt, however, and saturating levels of photosynthetically active radiation in June, we observed enhanced ice-algal production of bactericidal compounds (free palmitoleic acid; up to 4.8 mg L–1). We thus suggest that protection of sinking sympagic material from bacterial degradation early in a melt season results from low bacterial activity due to salinity stress, while later in the season, algal production of bactericidal compounds induces bacterial mortality. A succession of bacterial stressors during Arctic ice melt helps to explain the efficient export of sea-ice algal material to the seabed.
	Programme	1164
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2325-1026	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	8118
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	Author	Adriane Cristina Mendes Prado, Mauricio Tizziani Pazianotto, Jose Manuel Quesada Molina, Miguel Antonio Cortes-Giraldo, Guillaume Hubert, Marlon Antonio Pereira, Claudio Antonio Federico
	Title	Simulation of Cosmic Radiation Transport Inside Aircraft for Safety Applications			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	56	Issue	5	Pages	3462-3475
	Keywords	Aerospace electronics Aircraft Aircraft manufacture Aircraft simulation Atmospheric modeling Computational modeling cosmic radiation neutron fluence rate Neutrons safety single event effect
	Abstract	During the flight, an aircraft is submitted to a radiation environment composed of cosmic-ray-induced particles (CRIP) of which neutrons are responsible for approximately 40% of the crew effective dose and are the main cause of single event effects (SEE) in avionics systems at flight altitudes. A model of Learjet aircraft was developed on Monte Carlo simulation using the MCNPX code in order to detail the CRIP field inside the aircraft. The radiation source modeling was previously developed by a computational platform that simulates the energy and angular distributions of the CRIP along the atmosphere. In this article, we determined the variation of the neutron radiation field in several positions inside the aircraft at 11- and 18-km altitudes and for both equatorial and polar regions. The results suggest that the maximum variation of neutron fluence rate between different positions inside the aircraft shows a tendency of higher differences for a lower energy threshold (thermal and E > 1 MeV) in comparison with those differences for a higher energy threshold (E > 10 MeV). Moreover, the angular distribution results show relevant differences between positions inside aircraft, mainly for thermal neutrons close to the fuel. The general tendency is to enhance these discrepancies for devices with new technologies, due to their lower energy threshold for SEE occurrences.
	Programme	1112
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1557-9603	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7959
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	Author	Marine Duc
	Title	“You are the Greenlandic one”. Saisir la place de la région d’origine dans la production de l’autochtonie chez les étudiant·e·s groenlandais·e·s au Danemark			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	Espace populations sociétés. space populations societies	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue	2020/1-2	Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	En partant des expériences quotidiennes de minorisation rencontrées par des étudiant·e·s groenlandais·e·s au Danemark, je propose de voir comment l’imposition d’un stigmate territorial -comme sa négociation – participent à la production d’une autochtonie en tension. L’objectif de cet article est donc double. D’une part, en montrant comment les représentations de la région d’origine participent aux processus de racialisation, il s’agit de mettre en évidence la manière dont un ordre national chromatisé est performé au quotidien entre Danemark et Groenland. D’autre part, en montrant que la négociation de l’imposition du stigmate n’est pas la même selon les ressources dont disposent les individus, je soulignerai la nécessité de ne pas prendre la catégorie « peuples autochtones » comme un donné, mais au contraire, de penser l’autochtonie comme un positionnement social dynamique, qui se recompose selon les contextes, selon des logiques de race, de classe et de genre, mais également selon les trajectoires des individus.
	Programme	1213
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0755-7809	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7641
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	Author	Olivia Hicks, Akiko Kato, Frederic Angelier, Danuta M. Wisniewska, Catherine Hambly, John R. Speakman, Coline Marciau, Yan Ropert-Coudert
	Title	Acceleration predicts energy expenditure in a fat, flightless, diving bird			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	Scientific Reports	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue	1	Pages	21493
	Keywords	Ecology Ecophysiology
	Abstract	Energy drives behaviour and life history decisions, yet it can be hard to measure at fine scales in free-moving animals. Accelerometry has proven a powerful tool to estimate energy expenditure, but requires calibration in the wild. This can be difficult in some environments, or for particular behaviours, and validations have produced equivocal results in some species, particularly air-breathing divers. It is, therefore, important to calibrate accelerometry across different behaviours to understand the most parsimonious way to estimate energy expenditure in free-living conditions. Here, we combine data from miniaturised acceleration loggers on 58 free-living Adélie penguins with doubly labelled water (DLW) measurements of their energy expenditure over several days. Across different behaviours, both in water and on land, dynamic body acceleration was a good predictor of independently measured DLW-derived energy expenditure (R2 = 0.72). The most parsimonious model suggested different calibration coefficients are required to predict behaviours on land versus foraging behaviour in water (R2 = 0.75). Our results show that accelerometry can be used to reliably estimate energy expenditure in penguins, and we provide calibration equations for estimating metabolic rate across several behaviours in the wild.
	Programme	1091
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2045-2322	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	8765
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