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Author Maxim Lamare, Florent Domine, Jesús Revuelto, Maude Pelletier, Laurent Arnaud, Ghislain Picard doi  openurl
  Title Investigating the Role of Shrub Height and Topography in Snow Accumulation on Low-Arctic Tundra using UAV-Borne Lidar Type Journal
  Year (down) 2023 Publication Journal of Hydrometeorology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 24 Issue 5 Pages 853-871  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Abstract Expanding shrubs in the Arctic trap blowing snow, increasing snow height and accelerating permafrost warming. Topography also affects snow height as snow accumulates in hollows. The respective roles of topography and erect vegetation in snow accumulation were investigated using a UAV-borne lidar at two nearby contrasted sites in northern Quebec, Canada. The North site featured tall vegetation up to 2.5 m high, moderate snow height, and smooth topography. The South site featured lower vegetation, greater snow height, and rougher topography. There was little correlation between topography and vegetation height at both sites. Vegetation lower than snow height had very little effect on snow height. When vegetation protruded above the snow, snow height was well correlated with vegetation height. The topographic position index (TPI) was well correlated with snow height when it was not masked by the effect of protruding vegetation. The North site with taller vegetation therefore showed a good correlation between vegetation height and snow height, R2 = 0.37, versus R2 = 0.04 at the South site. Regarding topography, the reverse was observed between TPI and snow height, with R2 = 0.29 at the North site and R2 = 0.67 at the South site. The combination of vegetation height and TPI improved the prediction of snow height at the North site (R2 = 0.59) but not at the South site because vegetation height has little influence there. Vegetation was therefore the main factor determining snow height when it protruded above the snow. When it did not protrude, snow height was mostly determined by topography. Significance Statement Wind-induced snow drifting is a major snow redistribution process in the Arctic. Shrubs trap drifting snow, and drifting snow accumulates in hollows. Determining the respective roles of both these processes in snow accumulation is required to predict permafrost temperature and its emission of greenhouse gases, because thicker snow limits permafrost winter cooling. Using a UAV-borne lidar, we have determined snow height distribution over two contrasted sites in the Canadian low Arctic, with varied vegetation height and topography. When snow height exceeds vegetation height, topography is a good predictor of snow height, with negligible effect of buried vegetation. When vegetation protrudes above the snow, combining both topography and vegetation height is required for a good prediction of snow height.  
  Programme 1042  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1525-7541, 1525-755X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8541  
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Author Maxime Bès de Berc, Dimitri Zigone, Peter Danecek, Alain Steyer, Francesco Zanolin, Alessia Maggi, Jean‐Yves Thoré, Armelle Bernard, Hervé Blumentritt, Sophie Lambotte, Jean‐Jacques Lévêque, Luis Rivera, Olivier Alemany, Philippe Possenti, Martin Vallée, Eléonore Stutzmann, Adriano Cavaliere, Nathalie Cotte, Stefano Marino, Baptiste Gombert, Wenceslas Marie‐Sainte, Nicolas Leroy, Constanza Pardo, Frédérick Pesqueira, Céleste Broucke doi  openurl
  Title A New Posthole Seismometer at Concordia Permanent Research Facility in the Heart of the Icy East Antarctic Plateau Type Journal
  Year (down) 2023 Publication Seismological research letters Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In the Southern Hemisphere, the prevalence of oceans and the difficulty of access to land result in reduced coverage of seismological stations, limiting our detailed knowledge of Earth’s structures and of large earthquakes sources. This situation is exacerbated inside the antarctic continent, where only two permanent seismic stations are currently available (IU.QSPA at South Pole and G.CCD). The CCD station, built in early 2000s with state‐of‐the‐art surface instrumentation and located at the French–Italian Concordia base (75° S, 123° E), has been providing seismological data since 2008. However, it suffers from several problems: the vault is deformed by the hydrostatic pressure of the snow, the firn waveguide traps anthropogenic noise from the base causing strong noise below 1 s, and a coupling defect limits the performance above 30 s on the horizontal channels. To ensure the continuity of CCD and to improve its overall performance, we started in 2014 to plan the installation of a borehole seismometer at the site. In this article, we describe in detail this renovation of CCD and some examples of data analysis. The new borehole sensor shows that short‐period disturbances are largely attenuated (−20 dB at 0.1 s) compared to the surface installation and that the horizontal channels have a lower noise level at long periods (−8 dB at 100 s). Data for all components are below the standard noise model between 0.1 and 0.2 s, which makes this sensor one of the quietest installations in the world for this bandwidth. For periods >600 s we observe atmospheric pressure‐related perturbations on the vertical component. Despite this problem, the new CCD borehole station is a success with better‐than‐expected performances at all periods <600 s. The data produced are now distributed in the world’s data centers as G.CCD.20 and we encourage the scientific community to use the data for all studies requiring seismograms from Antarctica.  
  Programme 133  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0895-0695 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8663  
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Author Maxime Pineaux, Pierrick Blanchard, Léa Ribeiro, Scott A. Hatch, Sarah Leclaire doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title A Gull Species Recognizes MHC-II Diversity and Dissimilarity Using Odor Cues Type Book
  Year (down) 2023 Publication Chemical signals in vertebrates Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 15 Issue Pages 139-151  
  Keywords Birds Black-legged kittiwake Intraspecific communication Major histocompatibility complex Olfaction Rissa tridactyla Sexual selection  
  Abstract The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a crucial role in the resistance to parasites in vertebrates and is thus often suggested to be an important force driving social interactions, including mating preference. However, the phenotypic cues used by individuals to assess the MHC characteristics of conspecifics are generally unknown. Here, we used behavioral tests to investigate whether, in black-legged kittiwakes, females use odor cues to distinguish male MHC-II diversity and MHC-II dissimilarity. We found that females took less time to peck at an odor sample coming from a male with high or low MHC-II diversity compared to intermediate MHC-II diversity. However, this result is due to the single individual who has only one MHC-II allele. When excluding this individual, females took less time to peck at an odor sample coming from a male with high MHC-II diversity. In addition, when the odor sample came from a male with higher MHC-II dissimilarity, females took less time to peck at the sample, but once they pecked at it, they delayed the use of the sample. Altogether, our results add evidence for olfactory recognition of MHC characteristics in birds, but further studies are needed to determine whether kittiwakes use this ability to optimize fitness.  
  Programme 1162  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-3-031-35159-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8723  
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Author Melissa L. Grunst, Andrea S. Grunst, David Grémillet, Akiko Kato, Paco Bustamante, Céline Albert, Émile Brisson-Curadeau, Manon Clairbaux, Marta Cruz-Flores, Sophie Gentès, Antoine Grissot, Samuel Perret, Eric Ste-Marie, Dariusz Jakubas, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Jérôme Fort isbn  openurl
  Title A keystone avian predator faces elevated energy expenditure in a warming Arctic Type Journal
  Year (down) 2023 Publication Ecology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 104 Issue 5 Pages e4034  
  Keywords activity budgets climate change daily energy expenditure dovekie ecotoxicology mercury plasticity sea surface temperature  
  Abstract Climate change is transforming bioenergetic landscapes, challenging behavioral and physiological coping mechanisms. A critical question involves whether animals can adjust behavioral patterns and energy expenditure to stabilize fitness given reconfiguration of resource bases, or whether limits to plasticity ultimately compromise energy balance. In the Arctic, rapidly warming temperatures are transforming food webs, making Arctic organisms strong models for understanding biological implications of climate change-related environmental variability. We examined plasticity in the daily energy expenditure (DEE) of an Arctic seabird, the little auk (Alle alle) in response to variability in climate change-sensitive drivers of resource availability, sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice coverage (SIC), and tested the hypothesis that energetic ceilings and exposure to mercury, an important neurotoxin and endocrine disrupter in marine ecosystems, may limit scope for plasticity. To estimate DEE, we used accelerometer data obtained across years from two colonies exposed to distinct environmental conditions (Ukaleqarteq [UK], East Greenland; Hornsund [HS], Svalbard). We proceeded to model future changes in SST to predict energetic impacts. At UK, high flight costs linked to low SIC and high SST drove DEE from below to above 4 × basal metabolic rate (BMR), a proposed energetic threshold for breeding birds. However, DEE remained below 7 × BMR, an alternative threshold, and did not plateau. Birds at HS experienced higher, relatively invariable SST, and operated above 4 × BMR. Mercury exposure was unrelated to DEE, and fitness remained stable. Thus, plasticity in DEE currently buffers fitness, providing resiliency against climate change. Nevertheless, modeling suggests that continued warming of SST may promote accelerating increases in DEE, which may become unsustainable.  
  Programme 388  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1939-9170 ISBN 1939-9170 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8617  
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Author Melissa L. Grunst, Andrea S. Grunst, David Grémillet, Jérôme Fort doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Combined threats of climate change and contaminant exposure through the lens of bioenergetics Type Journal
  Year (down) 2023 Publication Global Change Biology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 29 Issue 18 Pages 5139-5168  
  Keywords bioenergetics chemical contaminants climate change energy balance interactive effects physiological acclimatization plasticity temperature  
  Abstract Organisms face energetic challenges of climate change in combination with suites of natural and anthropogenic stressors. In particular, chemical contaminant exposure has neurotoxic, endocrine-disrupting, and behavioral effects which may additively or interactively combine with challenges associated with climate change. We used a literature review across animal taxa and contaminant classes, but focused on Arctic endotherms and contaminants important in Arctic ecosystems, to demonstrate potential for interactive effects across five bioenergetic domains: (1) energy supply, (2) energy demand, (3) energy storage, (4) energy allocation tradeoffs, and (5) energy management strategies; and involving four climate change-sensitive environmental stressors: changes in resource availability, temperature, predation risk, and parasitism. Identified examples included relatively equal numbers of synergistic and antagonistic interactions. Synergies are often suggested to be particularly problematic, since they magnify biological effects. However, we emphasize that antagonistic effects on bioenergetic traits can be equally problematic, since they can reflect dampening of beneficial responses and result in negative synergistic effects on fitness. Our review also highlights that empirical demonstrations remain limited, especially in endotherms. Elucidating the nature of climate change-by-contaminant interactive effects on bioenergetic traits will build toward determining overall outcomes for energy balance and fitness. Progressing to determine critical species, life stages, and target areas in which transformative effects arise will aid in forecasting broad-scale bioenergetic outcomes under global change scenarios.  
  Programme 388  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1365-2486 ISBN 1365-2486 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8622  
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Author Melissa L. Grunst, Andrea S. Grunst, David Grémillet, Jérôme Fort doi  openurl
  Title Avian Energetics in a Warming Arctic Type Journal
  Year (down) 2023 Publication The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 104 Issue 3 Pages e2073  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The Arctic is warming nearly four times as rapidly as other regions of the planet, challenging the capacity of organisms to cope with shifting resources and maintain thermal balance. Tracking responses of free-living animals in dynamic environments can be challenging, but is increasingly enabled by advanced biologging approaches. We used data gathered from miniaturized bird-borne devices to demonstrate increases in energy expenditure with declining sea ice conditions and warming sea surface temperatures in a dove-sized seabird, the little auk (also named dovekie; Alle alle). This keystone species feeds on sea ice-associated copepods and inhabits large breeding colonies in the High Arctic.  
  Programme 388  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2327-6096 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8618  
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Author Mojtahid M., Fossile E., Santoni S., Husum K., Streuff K., Forwick M., Howa H., Nardelli MP. openurl 
  Title Benthic foraminifera as tools to reconstruct past tidewater glacier dynamics: A case study from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) Type Peer-reviewed symposium
  Year (down) 2023 Publication International symposium on foraminifera forams 2023, 26-30 june 2023, perugia, italy Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 1223  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8741  
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Author Nairita Pal, Kristin N. Barton, Mark R. Petersen, Steven R. Brus, Darren Engwirda, Brian K. Arbic, Andrew F. Roberts, Joannes J. Westerink, Damrongsak Wirasaet doi  openurl
  Title Barotropic tides in MPAS-Ocean (E3SM V2): impact of ice shelf cavities Type Journal
  Year (down) 2023 Publication Geoscientific Model Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 1297-1314  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Oceanic tides are seldom represented in Earth system models (ESMs) owing to the need for high horizontal resolution to accurately represent the associated barotropic waves close to coasts. This paper presents results of tides implemented in the Model for Prediction Across Scales–Ocean or MPAS-Ocean, which is the ocean component within the U.S. Department of Energy developed Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). MPAS-Ocean circumvents the limitation of low resolution using unstructured global meshing. We are at this stage simulating the largest semidiurnal (M2, S2, N2) and diurnal (K1, O1) tidal constituents in a single-layer version of MPAS-O. First, we show that the tidal constituents calculated using MPAS-Ocean closely agree with the results of the global tidal prediction model TPXO8 when suitably tuned topographic wave drag and bottom drag coefficients are employed. Thereafter, we present the sensitivity of global tidal evolution due to the presence of Antarctic ice shelf cavities. The effect of ice shelves on the amplitude and phase of tidal constituents are presented. Lower values of complex errors (with respect to TPXO8 results) for the M2 tidal constituents are observed when the ice shelf is added in the simulations, with particularly strong improvement in the Southern Ocean. Our work points towards future research with varying Antarctic ice shelf geometries and sea ice coupling that might lead to better comparison and prediction of tides and thus better prediction of sea-level rise and also the future climate variability.  
  Programme 688  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1991-959X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8619  
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Author Nicolas J., Verdun J., Baltzer A., Boy JP., Lemoine JP., Perosanz F., Tafflet A.,  openurl 
  Title SIGNEAU : Signatures climatiques des surcharges hydrologiques observées par géodésie spatiale Type Peer-reviewed symposium
  Year (down) 2023 Publication Journées scientifiques de l'OSUNA, 5 juin 2023 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 1223  
  Campaign  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8738  
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Author Noah Vowell, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Samuel N. Quinn, George Zhou, Andrew Vanderburg, Andrew W. Mann, Matthew J. Hooton, Keivan G. Stassun, Saburo Howard, Allyson Bieryla, David W. Latham, Steve B. Howell, Tristan Guillot, Carl Ziegler, Karen A. Collins, Theron W. Carmichael, Jon M. Jenkins, Avi Shporer, Lyu ABE, Philippe Bendjoya, Jonathan L. Bush, Marco Buttu, Kevin I. Collins, Jason D. Eastman, Matthew J. Fields, Thomas Gasparetto, Maximilian N. Günther, Veselin B. Kostov, Adam L. Kraus, Kathryn V. Lester, Alan M. Levine, Colin Littlefield, Wenceslas Marie-Sainte, Djamel Mékarnia, Hugh P. Osborn, David Rapetti, George R. Ricker, S. Seager, Ramotholo Sefako, Gregor Srdoc, Olga Suarez, Guillermo Torres, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, R. Vanderspek, Joshua N. Winn doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title HIP 33609 b: An Eccentric Brown Dwarf Transiting a V = 7.3 Rapidly Rotating B Star Type Journal
  Year (down) 2023 Publication The Astronomical Journal Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 165 Issue 6 Pages 268  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We present the discovery and characterization of HIP 33609 b, a transiting warm brown dwarf orbiting a late B star, discovered by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite as TOI-588 b. HIP 33609 b is a large (R b = R J) brown dwarf on a highly eccentric (e = ) orbit with a 39 days period. The host star is a bright (V = 7.3 mag), T eff = 10,400 K star with a mass of M * = M ⊙ and radius of R * = R ⊙, making it the hottest transiting brown dwarf host star discovered to date. We obtained radial velocity measurements from the CHIRON spectrograph confirming the companion's mass of M b = M J as well as the host star's rotation rate ( km s−1). We also present the discovery of a new comoving group of stars, designated as MELANGE-6, and determine that HIP 33609 is a member. We use a combination of rotation periods and isochrone models fit to the cluster members to estimate an age of 150 ± 25 Myr. With a measured mass, radius, and age, HIP 33609 b becomes a benchmark for substellar evolutionary models.  
  Programme 1066  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1538-3881 ISBN 1538-3881 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8683  
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