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Chambodut A., Bernard A. |
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Influence des émissions radio-amateurs sur les données des observatoires magnétiques |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2023 |
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19émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 03-05 mai 2023, paris france |
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Communication n°433 |
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139 |
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8671 |
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Genthon, C., le Consortium AWACA |
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Le projet AWACA |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2023 |
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19émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 03-05 mai 2023, paris france |
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39 Communication n°461 |
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1251 |
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8672 |
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Author |
Bernard A., Chambodut A., Zigone D., Thore J-Y., Bes De Berc M., Fotze M.,Wardinski,I. |
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Title |
Les observatoires sismologiques et magnétiques dans les Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
19émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 03-05 mai 2023, paris france |
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Communication n°475 |
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133,139 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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8673 |
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Prat R., Dupuis E., Sultan E. |
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Title |
Objets du quotidien en station : l’inventaire comme outil d’analyse des relations |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2023 |
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19émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 03-05 mai 2023, paris france |
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Communication n°479 |
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1237 |
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yes |
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8674 |
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Forget F., Bretel P., Genthon C., Berne A., Dufresne J.L., Lemonnier F., Madeleine J.B, Roussel M.R., Sultan E., Veron D., Vignon E., Wiener V. |
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Quinze ans d’observations climatiques à Dome C et en Terre Adélie avec le programme CALVA : données, découvertes, et évolution |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
19émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 03-05 mai 2023, paris france |
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Communication n°470 |
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1013 |
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yes |
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8675 |
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Author |
Ella Z. Daly, Hannah Sørine Gerlich, Yves Frenot, Toke T. Høye, Martin Holmstrup, David Renault |
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Title |
Climate Change Helps Polar Invasives Establish and Flourish: Evidence from Long-Term Monitoring of the Blowfly Calliphora vicina |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Biology |
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12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
111 |
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Abstract |
The isolated sub-Antarctic islands are of major ecological interest because of their unique species diversity and long history of limited human disturbance. However, since the presence of Europeans, these islands and their sensitive biota have been under increasing pressure due to human activity and associated biological invasions. In such delicate ecosystems, biological invasions are an exceptional threat that may be further amplified by climate change. We examined the invasion trajectory of the blowfly Calliphora vicina (Robineau-Desvoidy 1830). First introduced in the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands in the 1970s, it is thought to have persisted only in sheltered microclimates for several decades. Here, we show that, in recent decades, C. vicina has been able to establish itself more widely. We combine experimental thermal developmental data with long-term ecological and meteorological monitoring to address whether warming conditions help explain its current success and dynamics in the eastern Kerguelen Islands. We found that warming temperatures and accumulated degree days could explain the species' phenological and long-term invasion dynamics, indicating that climate change has likely assisted its establishment. This study represents a unique long-term view of a polar invader and stresses the rapidly increasing susceptibility of cold regions to invasion under climate change. |
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136 |
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2079-7737 |
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8676 |
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Douce P., Saiz H., Benot M.-l., Mermillod-blondin F., Simon L., Renault D., Vallier F., Oury Y., Fontaine M., Bittebiere A.-k. |
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Functional characteristics rather than co-occurrences determine the outcome of interactions between neighbouring plants in sub-Antarctic ponds: Consequences for macrophyte community biomass |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Freshwater biology |
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Volume |
68 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
561-576 |
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136 |
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8677 |
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Tracey L. Hammer, Pierre Bize, Benoit Gineste, Jean-Patrice Robin, René Groscolas, Vincent A. Viblanc |
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Disentangling the “many-eyes”, “dilution effect”, “selfish herd”, and “distracted prey” hypotheses in shaping alert and flight initiation distance in a colonial seabird |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
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Volume |
210 |
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Pages |
104919 |
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Keywords |
Antipredator behaviour Escape flight distance Optimal escape decisions Predation risk Predator-prey decision Risk taking |
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Abstract |
Group living is thought to have important antipredator benefits for animals, owing to the mechanisms of shared vigilance (“many-eyes” hypothesis), risk dilution (“dilution effect” hypothesis), and relative safety in the center of the group (“selfish herd” hypothesis). However, it can also incur costs since social stimuli, such as conspecific aggression, may distract individuals from anti-predator behavior (“distracted prey” hypothesis). We simultaneously evaluated how these four different hypotheses shape anti-predator behaviors of breeding king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), which aggregate into large colonies, experience frequent aggressive social interactions, and are regularly exposed to predation by giant petrels (Macronectes sp.) and brown skuas (Catharacta loonbergi) when breeding on land. We approached 200 incubating penguins at four different periods of the breeding season across a range of overall increasing colony densities. We measured the distance at which focal birds detected the approaching threat (alert distance: AD), whether birds decided to flee or not, and the distance of flight initiation (flight initiation distance: FID, viz. the bird attempting to walk away with its egg on its feet). We quantified relative local neighbor density, centrality within the colony (rank), and the number of aggressions the focal bird emitted towards neighbors during the approach. We found that birds engaged in aggressive conflicts with neighbors were less likely to flee, and that increasing relative local neighbor density at low and medium overall colony density resulted in a decrease in bird AD, both supporting the “distracted prey” hypothesis. However, at maximal overall colony density, increasing relative local neighbor density resulted in longer AD, supporting the “many-eyes” hypothesis. We found no support for the “dilution effect” and “selfish herd” hypotheses, and no effects of any hypothesis on FID. |
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119 |
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0376-6357 |
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yes |
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8678 |
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Antonella Tassone, Olivier Magand, Attilio Naccarato, Maria Martino, Domenico Amico, Francesca Sprovieri, Hippolyte Leuridan, Yann Bertrand, Michel Ramonet, Nicola Pirrone, Aurelien Dommergue |
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Seven-year monitoring of mercury in wet precipitation and atmosphere at the Amsterdam Island GMOS station |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Heliyon |
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Volume |
9 |
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Keywords |
Atmospheric pollution Atmospheric transport Mercury measurements Source identification Southern Hemisphere Wet deposition flux |
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Mercury (Hg) fate and transport research requires more effort to obtain a deep knowledge of its biogeochemical cycle, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere and Tropics that are still missing of distributed monitoring sites. Continuous monitoring of atmospheric Hg concentrations and trend worldwide is relevant for the effectiveness evaluation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (MCM) actions. In this context, Gaseous Elemental Mercury (GEM) and total mercury (THg) in precipitations were monitored from 2013 to 2019 at the Amsterdam Island Observatory (AMS – 37°48′S, 77°34′E) to provide insights into the Hg pathway in the remote southern Indian Ocean, also considering ancillary dataset of Rn-222, CO2, CO, and CH4. GEM average concentration was 1.06 ± 0.07 ng m−3, with a slight increase during the austral winter due to both higher wind speed over the surface ocean and contributions from southern Africa. In wet depositions, THg average concentration was 2.39 ± 1.17 ng L−1, whereas the annual flux averaged 2.04 ± 0.80 μg m−2 year−1. In general, both GEM and Volume-Weighted Mean Concentration (VWMC) of THg did not show an increasing/decreasing trend over the seven-year period, suggesting a substantial lack of evolution about emission of Hg reaching AMS. Air masses Cluster Analysis and Potential Source Contribution Function showed that oceanic evasion was the main Hg contributor at AMS, while further contributions were attributable to long-range transport events from southern Africa, particularly when the occurrence of El Niño increased the frequency of wildfires. |
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416,1028 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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8679 |
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Author |
Diane Espel, Camille Coux, Luis R. Pertierra, Pauline Eymar-Dauphin, Jonas J. Lembrechts, David Renault |
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Title |
Functional Niche Partitioning Occurs over Body Size but Not Nutrient Reserves nor Melanism in a Polar Carabid Beetle along an Altitudinal Gradient |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Insects |
Abbreviated Journal |
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14 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
123 |
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Keywords |
Amblystogenium pacificum Carabidae dimorphism French sub-Antarctic islands functional diversity melanism thermal tolerance |
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Phenotypic plasticity can favor the emergence of different morphotypes specialized in specific ranges of environmental conditions. The existence of intraspecific partitioning confers resilience at the species scale and can ultimately determine species survival in a context of global changes. Amblystogenium pacificum is a carabid beetle endemic to the sub-Antarctic Crozet Islands, and it has two distinctive morphotypes based on body coloration. For this study, A. pacificum specimens of functional niches were sampled along an altitudinal gradient (as a proxy for temperature), and some morphological and biochemical traits were measured. We used an FAMD multivariate analysis and linear mixed-effects models to test whether these traits were related to morphotype, altitude, and sexual dimorphism. We then calculated and compared the functional niches at different altitudes and tested for niche partitioning through a hypervolume approach. We found a positive hump-shaped correlation between altitude and body size as well as higher protein and sugar reserves in females than in males. Our functional hypervolume results suggest that the main driver of niche partitioning along the altitudinal gradient is body size rather than morphotype or sex, even though darker morphotypes tended to be more functionally constrained at higher altitudes and females showed limited trait variations at the highest altitude. |
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2075-4450 |
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8680 |
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