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. (2019). Individual variability in contaminants and physiological status in a resident Arctic seabird species (Vol. 249).
Keywords: Black guillemot Oxidative stress Polar regions Pollutants Seabirds Telomeres
Programme: 137
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Yan Axel Gomez Coutouly And Angela K. Gore. (2019). Little Panguingue Creek: a c. 9600 year-old prehistoric knapping workshop in the Nenana valley, Central Alaska.
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. (2019). Evaluation of CloudSat snowfall rate profiles by a comparison with in situ micro-rain radar observations in East Antarctica (Vol. 13).
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. (2019). Environmental and physiological determinants of huddling behavior of molting female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) (Vol. 199).
Keywords: Aggregation behavior Habitat type Heat loss Meteorological variations Phocids Stomach temperature
Programme: 1201
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. (2019). Using blood and feathers to investigate large-scale Hg contamination in Arctic seabirds: A review (Vol. 177). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: Mercury (Hg), because of its deleterious effects on wildlife and its high concentrations in polar regions, has been widely studied in the Arctic. This provided important information regarding food web contamination, spatial and temporal trends of Hg in ecosystems or risk assessments for wildlife and Humans. Among the Arctic biota, seabirds have been among the most studied species due to their sensitivity to this toxicant, their role as bioindicators of the contamination status of their environment, and their consumption by Arctic communities. However, most studies that investigated Hg in Arctic seabirds focused on measurements in internal organs or in eggs, while few investigations have been performed on blood and feathers, despite the relevant and complementary information they provide. Here, we first provide a detailed overview of the specific information blood and feathers can bring when investigating Hg contamination of Arctic seabirds, including new knowledge on the poorly studied non-breeding period. Second, we perform a comprehensive review of the use of blood and feathers as non-lethal tissues to study Hg in Arctic seabirds. This review demonstrates important interspecific variations in Hg blood concentrations according to seabird trophic status, with seaducks generally presenting the lowest Hg concentrations while auks have the highest ones. However, all the observed Hg concentrations are below the admitted toxicity thresholds. Hg concentrations in feathers follow similar trends and gulls appear to be the most contaminated species, likely as a consequence of contrasting migratory and overwintering strategies. This review also confirms strong spatial variations with higher concentrations found in the Canadian Arctic and Pacific waters than in Greenland and the European Arctic. It also identifies some major understudied areas such as West Greenland, Aleutian Islands and Russia. Finally, we provide a thorough review of the current knowledge regarding molting patterns in Arctic seabirds, which is an essential information to interpret Hg concentrations measured in feathers. Overall, our results point out the importance of blood and feathers in seabird ecotoxicological assessments and highlight the need for large scale international collaborations and research programs.
Keywords: Mercury Molting pattern Seabirds Spatial ecotoxicology
Programme: 388
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Giovanni Macelloni, Marion Leduc-Leballeur, Francesco Montomoli, Marco Brogioni, Catherine Ritz, Ghislain Picard. (2019). On the retrieval of internal temperature of Antarctica Ice Sheet by using SMOS observations (Vol. 233).
Abstract: Internal temperature is an essential parameter for understanding ice sheet dynamics. Glaciological models provide estimations of temperature profiles over Antarctica and few boreholes are also available, but, at present, no measurement exists at the scale of the whole continent. The analysis of passive L-band observations from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite shows that, thanks to the high penetration depth (i.e. up to 1500?m), it is possible to infer information on in depth glaciological properties of the ice sheet including temperature. In this study, the temperature profile is retrieved from SMOS observations using jointly glaciological and emission models. The developed methodology is valid in the inner part of Antarctica where the ice sheet is almost stable (i.e. its velocity is limited to 10?m?yr?1). This analysis points out that in several cases, differences are observed between retrieved temperature profiles and those predicted by glaciological models. In particular, some geophysical parameters, namely the geothermal heat flux and the mean annual accumulation, need to be modified with respect to their prior values in order to simulate SMOS brightness temperatures. Results also clearly show that the reliability of the retrieved profile in depth decreases with increasing ice thickness due to the limited penetration of microwaves in the ice. The obtained results prove the capability of L band (1.4?GHz) passive microwave sensors for investigating the internal temperature of the ice-sheet.
Keywords: Cryosphere L band Snow/ice microwave emission model
Programme: 1110
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Robin J-p, Voisin M., Leplat E., Verdier T., Barbe J., Boel E., Roussel D. (2019). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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. (2019). Action-orientated research and framework: insights from the French long-term social-ecological research network (Vol. 24).
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. (2019). Searching for long period transiting exoplanets with ASTEP South at Dome C, Antarctica. Bachelor's thesis, , .
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G. Hubert, P. Ricaud. (2019). Four Years of Measurements of the Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray-induced-neutrons on the Concordia Antarctic Station Taking into Account Environmental and Systematic Effects.
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