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. (2020). Coordination in parental effort decreases with age in a long-lived seabird (Vol. 129).
Abstract: Biparental care is widespread in avian species. Individuals may match the contribution of their partner, resulting in equal parental effort, or may exploit their partner, to minimise their own investment. These two hypotheses have received much theoretical and empirical attention in short-lived species, that change mates between seasons. However, in species with persistent pair bonds, where divorce is rare and costly, selective pressures are different, as partners share the value of future reproduction. In such species, coordination has been suggested to be adaptive and to increase early in life, as a consequence of the importance of mate familiarity. However, as birds age, an increase in re-pairing probability occurs in parallel to a decline in their survival probability. At the point when partners no longer share future reproductive success, exploitation of a partner could become adaptive, reducing selection for coordinated effort. As such, we suggest that coordination in parental effort will decline with age in long-lived species. Using incubation bout duration data, estimated from salt-water immersion bio-loggers, deployed on black-browed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris, we examined the correlation in incubation bout durations for sequential bouts, as a measure of coordination. Our results show that coordination is highest in inexperienced pairs (early in reproductive life) and declines throughout the lifetime of birds. This suggests that both cooperation, indicated by coordinated effort, and conflict over care occurs in this species. We find no change in individual bout duration with increasing breeding experience, and hence no support for the hypothesis that aging leads to changes in individual incubation behaviour. This is, to our knowledge, the first study to demonstrate strong coordination in parental care when pairs share future reproductive success, but a decline in coordination with age, as sexual conflict increases.
Keywords: albatrosses biologging foraging bout incubation shift duration life history tradeoffs parental care sexual conflict
Programme: 109
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. (2020). Green Edge ice camp campaigns: understanding the processes controlling the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (Vol. 12).
Abstract: The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling the primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) and to determine its role in the ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay (67.4797??N, 63.7895??W). During both expeditions, a large suite of physical, chemical and biological variables was measured beneath a consolidated sea-ice cover from the surface to the bottom (at 360?m depth) to better understand the factors driving the PSB. Key variables, such as conservative temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured at the ice camp. Meteorological and snow-relevant variables were also monitored. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to tidy and standardize the collected datasets, which will facilitate their reuse in other Arctic studies. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.17882/59892 (Massicotte et al., 2019a).
Programme: 1164
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. (2020). Contrasting pelagic ecosystem functioning in eastern and western Baffin Bay revealed by trophic network modeling (Vol. 8).
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Lisa C. Matthes, C. J. Mundy, S. L.-Girard, M. Babin, G. Verin, J. K. Ehn. (2020). Spatial Heterogeneity as a Key Variable Influencing Spring-Summer Progression in UVR and PAR Transmission Through Arctic Sea Ice (Vol. 7).
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. (2020). Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean (Vol. 8).
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. (2020). Estimates of net community production from multiple approaches surrounding the spring ice-edge bloom in Baffin Bay (Vol. 8).
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. (2020). An update on Inuit perceptions of their changing environment, Qikiqtaaluk (Baffin Island, Nunavut) (Vol. 8).
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. (2020). Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt: Impact on the viability of bacterial communities associated with sympagic algae (Vol. 8).
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. (2020). Reliance of deep-sea benthic macrofauna on ice-derived organic matter highlighted by multiple trophic markers during spring in Baffin Bay, Canadian Arctic (Vol. 8).
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. (2020). The Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH) (Vol. 101).
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