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Juan José Curto, Antoni Segarra, David Altadill, Aude Chambodut |
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Title |
Service of rapid magnetic variations, an update |
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Journal |
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Year  |
2023 |
Publication |
Geoscience Data Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
99-113 |
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Keywords |
event detection ISGI – International Service of Geomagnetic Indices rapid magnetic variations solar flare effects storm sudden commencements |
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Abstract |
Rapid magnetic variations on Earth are intimately linked with solar activity and this is one of the main topics in Space Weather research. Modelling and forecasting these phenomena are vital in our technological society. The Service of Rapid Magnetic Variations provides lists of these remarkable magnetic events in a continuous way in what constitutes a long geophysical series that began in the late 19th century. Although the aim of this Service remains unchanged, methods have changed with time. Here, we describe the recent evolution of the Service, its database and the latest works carried out to improve the products delivered to the scientific society. |
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139 |
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2049-6060 |
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yes |
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8640 |
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Lizhou Sha, Andrew M Vanderburg, Chelsea X Huang, David J Armstrong, Rafael Brahm, Steven Giacalone, Mackenna L Wood, Karen A Collins, Louise D Nielsen, Melissa J Hobson, Carl Ziegler, Steve B Howell, Pascal Torres-Miranda, Andrew W Mann, George Zhou, Elisa Delgado-Mena, Felipe I Rojas, Lyu Abe, Trifon Trifonov, Vardan Adibekyan, Sérgio G Sousa, Sergio B Fajardo-Acosta, Tristan Guillot, Saburo Howard, Colin Littlefield, Faith Hawthorn, François-Xavier Schmider, Jan Eberhardt, Thiam-Guan Tan, Ares Osborn, Richard P Schwarz, Paul Strøm, Andrés Jordán, Gavin Wang, Thomas Henning, Bob Massey, Nicholas Law, Chris Stockdale, Elise Furlan, Gregor Srdoc, Peter J Wheatley, David Barrado Navascués, Jack J Lissauer, Keivan G Stassun, George R Ricker, Roland K Vanderspek, David W Latham, Joshua N Winn, Sara Seager, Jon M Jenkins, Thomas Barclay, Luke G Bouma, Jessie L Christiansen, Natalia Guerrero, Mark E Rose |
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Title |
TESS spots a mini- interior to a hot saturn in the TOI-2000 system |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
524 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1113-1138 |
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Abstract |
Hot jupiters (P < 10 d, M > 60 M⊕) are almost always found alone around their stars, but four out of hundreds known have inner companion planets. These rare companions allow us to constrain the hot jupiter’s formation history by ruling out high-eccentricity tidal migration. Less is known about inner companions to hot Saturn-mass planets. We report here the discovery of the TOI-2000 system, which features a hot Saturn-mass planet with a smaller inner companion. The mini-neptune TOI-2000 b (2.70 ± 0.15 R⊕, 11.0 ± 2.4 M⊕) is in a 3.10-d orbit, and the hot saturn TOI-2000 c ($8.14{-0.30}^{+0.31}$ R⊕ , $81.7{-4.6}^{+4.7}$ M⊕) is in a 9.13-d orbit. Both planets transit their host star TOI-2000 (TIC 371188886, V = 10.98, TESS magnitude = 10.36), a metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.439 $_{-0.043}^{+0.041}$) G dwarf 173 pc away. TESS observed the two planets in sectors 9–11 and 36–38, and we followed up with ground-based photometry, spectroscopy, and speckle imaging. Radial velocities from CHIRON, FEROS, and HARPS allowed us to confirm both planets by direct mass measurement. In addition, we demonstrate constraining planetary and stellar parameters with MIST stellar evolutionary tracks through Hamiltonian Monte Carlo under the PyMC framework, achieving higher sampling efficiency and shorter run time compared to traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo. Having the brightest host star in the V band among similar systems, TOI-2000 b and c are superb candidates for atmospheric characterization by the JWST, which can potentially distinguish whether they formed together or TOI-2000 c swept along material during migration to form TOI-2000 b. |
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1066 |
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0035-8711 |
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8641 |
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Randel Kreitsberg, Lisanne Nääb, Richard Meitern, Jeffrey Carbillet, Jérôme Fort, Mathieu Giraudeau, Tuul Sepp |
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Title |
The effect of environmental pollution on gene expression of seabirds: A review |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Marine Environmental Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
189 |
Issue |
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Pages |
106067 |
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Keywords |
Biotransformation Long-lived animals Marine pollution Metabolic pathways Model species Oxidative stress Seabirds |
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Abstract |
One of the biggest challenges for ecotoxicologists is to detect harmful effects of contaminants on individual organisms before they have caused significant harm to natural populations. One possible approach for discovering sub-lethal, negative health effects of pollutants is to study gene expression, to identify metabolic pathways and physiological processes affected by contaminants. Seabirds are essential components of ecosystems but highly threatened by environmental changes. Being at the top of the food chain and exhibiting a slow pace of life, they are highly exposed to contaminants and to their ultimate impacts on populations. Here we provide an overview of the currently available seabird-related gene expression studies in the context of environmental pollution. We show that studies conducted, so far, mainly focus on a small selection of xenobiotic metabolism genes, often using lethal sampling protocols, while the greater promise of gene expression studies for wild species may lie in non-invasive procedures focusing on a wider range of physiological processes. However, as whole genome approaches might still be too expensive for large-scale assessments, we also bring out the most promising candidate biomarker genes for future studies. Based on the biased geographical representativeness of the current literature, we suggest expanding studies to temperate and tropical latitudes and urban environments. Also, as links with fitness traits are very rare in the current literature, but would be highly relevant for regulatory purposes, we point to an urgent need for establishing long-term monitoring programs in seabirds that would link pollutant exposure and gene expression to fitness traits. |
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388 |
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0141-1136 |
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yes |
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8642 |
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Pengyang Song, Dmitry Sidorenko, Patrick Scholz, Maik Thomas, Gerrit Lohmann |
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Title |
The tidal effects in the Finite-volumE Sea ice–Ocean Model (FESOM2.1): a comparison between parameterised tidal mixing and explicit tidal forcing |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Geoscientific Model Development |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
383-405 |
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Abstract |
Tides are proved to have a significant effect on the ocean and climate. Previous modelling research either adds a tidal mixing parameterisation or an explicit tidal forcing to the ocean models. However, no research compares the two approaches in the same framework. Here we implement both schemes in a general ocean circulation model and assess both methods by comparing the results. The aspects for comparison involve hydrography, sea ice, meridional overturning circulation (MOC), vertical diffusivity, barotropic streamfunction and energy diagnostics. We conclude that although the mesh resolution is poor in resolving internal tides in most mid-latitude and shelf-break areas, explicit tidal forcing still shows stronger tidal mixing at the Kuril–Aleutian Ridge and the Indonesian Archipelago than the tidal mixing parameterisation. Beyond that, the explicit tidal forcing method leads to a stronger upper cell of the Atlantic MOC by enhancing the Pacific MOC and the Indonesian Throughflow. Meanwhile, the tidal mixing parameterisation leads to a stronger lower cell of the Atlantic MOC due to the tidal mixing in deep oceans. Both methods maintain the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at a higher level than the control run by increasing the meridional density gradient. We also show several phenomena that are not considered in the tidal mixing parameterisation, for example, the changing of energy budgets in the ocean system, the bottom drag induced mixing on the continental shelves and the sea ice transport by tidal motions. Due to the limit of computational capacity, an internal-tide-resolving simulation is not feasible for climate studies. However, a high-resolution short-term tidal simulation is still required to improve parameters and parameterisation schemes in climate studies. |
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688 |
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1991-959X |
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8643 |
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Rafael Brahm, Solène Ulmer-Moll, Melissa J. Hobson, Andrés Jordán, Thomas Henning, Trifon Trifonov, Matías I. Jones, Martin Schlecker, Nestor Espinoza, Felipe I. Rojas, Pascal Torres, Paula Sarkis, Marcelo Tala, Jan Eberhardt, Diana Kossakowski, Diego J. Muñoz, Joel D. Hartman, Gavin Boyle, Vincent Suc, François Bouchy, Adrien Deline, Guillaume Chaverot, Nolan Grieves, Monika Lendl, Olga Suarez, Tristan Guillot, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Nicolas Crouzet, Georgina Dransfield, Ryan Cloutier, Khalid Barkaoui, Rick P. Schwarz, Chris Stockdale, Mallory Harris, Ismael Mireles, Phil Evans, Andrew W. Mann, Carl Ziegler, Diana Dragomir, Steven Villanueva, Christoph Mordasini, George Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Michael Vezie, Allison Youngblood, Tansu Daylan, Karen A. Collins, Douglas A. Caldwell, David R. Ciardi, Enric Palle, Felipe Murgas |
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Title |
Three Long-period Transiting Giant Planets from TESS* |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
The Astronomical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
165 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
227 |
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Abstract |
We report the discovery and orbital characterization of three new transiting warm giant planets. These systems were initially identified as presenting single-transit events in the light curves generated from the full-frame images of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Follow-up radial velocity measurements and additional light curves were used to determine the orbital periods and confirm the planetary nature of the candidates. The planets orbit slightly metal-rich late F- and early G-type stars. We find that TOI 4406b has a mass of M P = 0.30 ± 0.04 M J, a radius of R P = 1.00 ± 0.02 R J, and a low-eccentricity orbit (e = 0.15 ± 0.05) with a period of P = 30.08364 ±0.00005 days. TOI 2338b has a mass of M P = 5.98 ± 0.20 M J, a radius of R P = 1.00 ± 0.01 R J, and a highly eccentric orbit (e = 0.676 ± 0.002) with a period of P = 22.65398 ± 0.00002 days. Finally, TOI 2589b has a mass of M P = 3.50 ± 0.10 M J, a radius of R P = 1.08 ± 0.03 R J, and an eccentric orbit (e = 0.522 ± 0.006) with a period of P = 61.6277 ± 0.0002 days. TOI 4406b and TOI 2338b are enriched in metals compared to their host stars, while the structure of TOI 2589b is consistent with having similar metal enrichment to its host star. |
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1066 |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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8644 |
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Angelica Psaridi, François Bouchy, Monika Lendl, Babatunde Akinsanmi, Keivan G. Stassun, Barry Smalley, David J. Armstrong, Saburo Howard, Solène Ulmer-Moll, Nolan Grieves, Khalid Barkaoui, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Edward M. Bryant, Olga Suárez, Tristan Guillot, Phil Evans, Omar Attia, Robert A. Wittenmyer, Samuel W. Yee, Karen A. Collins, George Zhou, Franck Galland, Léna Parc, Stéphane Udry, Pedro Figueira, Carl Ziegler, Christoph Mordasini, Joshua N. Winn, Sara Seager, Jon M. Jenkins, Joseph D. Twicken, Rafael Brahm, Matías I. Jones, Lyu Abe, Brett Addison, César Briceño, Joshua T. Briegal, Kevin I. Collins, Tansu Daylan, Phillip Eigmüller, Gabor Furesz, Natalia M. Guerrero, Janis Hagelberg, Alexis Heitzmann, Rebekah Hounsell, Chelsea X. Huang, Andreas Krenn, Nicholas M. Law, Andrew W. Mann, James McCormac, Djamel Mékarnia, Dany Mounzer, Louise D. Nielsen, Ares Osborn, Yared Reinarz, Ramotholo R. Sefako, Michal Steiner, Paul A. Strøm, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Roland Vanderspek, Leonardo Vanzi, Jose I. Vines, Christopher A. Watson, Duncan J. Wright, Abner Zapata |
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Three Saturn-mass planets transiting F-type stars revealed with TESS and HARPS – TOI-615b, TOI-622b, and TOI-2641b |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Astronomy & Astrophysics |
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Volume |
675 |
Issue |
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Pages |
A39 |
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Abstract |
While the sample of confirmed exoplanets continues to grow, the population of transiting exoplanets around early-type stars is still limited. These planets allow us to investigate the planet properties and formation pathways over a wide range of stellar masses and study the impact of high irradiation on hot Jupiters orbiting such stars. We report the discovery of TOI-615b, TOI-622b, and TOI-2641b, three Saturn-mass planets transiting main sequence, F-type stars. The planets were identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and confirmed with complementary ground-based and radial velocity observations. TOI-615b is a highly irradiated (~1277 F⊕) and bloated Saturn-mass planet (1.69−0.06+0.05 RJup and 0.43−0.08+0.09 MJup) in a 4.66 day orbit transiting a 6850 K star. TOI-622b has a radius of 0.82−0.03+0.03 RJup and a mass of 0.30−0.08+0.07 MJup in a 6.40 day orbit. Despite its high insolation flux (~600 F⊕), TOI-622b does not show any evidence of radius inflation. TOI-2641b is a 0.39−0.04+0.02 MJup planet in a 4.88 day orbit with a grazing transit (b = 1.04−0.06+0.05) that results in a poorly constrained radius of 1.61−0.64+0.46 RJup. Additionally, TOI-615b is considered attractive for atmospheric studies via transmission spectroscopy with ground-based spectrographs and JWST. Future atmospheric and spin-orbit alignment observations are essential since they can provide information on the atmospheric composition, formation, and migration of exoplanets across various stellar types. |
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0004-6361, 1432-0746 |
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8645 |
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Alexis Heitzmann, George Zhou, Samuel N. Quinn, Chelsea X. Huang, Jiayin Dong, L. G. Bouma, Rebekah I. Dawson, Stephen C. Marsden, Duncan Wright, Pascal Petit, Karen A. Collins, Khalid Barkaoui, Robert A. Wittenmyer, Edward Gillen, Rafael Brahm, Melissa Hobson, Coel Hellier, Carl Ziegler, César Briceño, Nicholas Law, Andrew W. Mann, Steve B. Howell, Crystal L. Gnilka, Colin Littlefield, David W. Latham, Jack J. Lissauer, Elisabeth R. Newton, Daniel M. Krolikowski, Ronan Kerr, Rayna Rampalli, Stephanie T. Douglas, Nora L. Eisner, Nathalie Guedj, Guoyou Sun, Martin Smit, Marc Huten, Thorsten Eschweiler, Lyu Abe, Tristan Guillot, George Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, Sara Seager, Jon M. Jenkins, Eric B. Ting, Joshua N. Winn, David R. Ciardi, Andrew M. Vanderburg, Christopher J. Burke, David R. Rodriguez, Tansu Daylan |
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Title |
TOI-4562b: A Highly Eccentric Temperate Jupiter Analog Orbiting a Young Field Star |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
The Astronomical Journal |
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Volume |
165 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
121 |
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We report the discovery of TOI-4562b (TIC-349576261), a Jovian planet orbiting a young F7V-type star, younger than the Praesepe/Hyades clusters (<700 Myr). This planet stands out because of its unusually long orbital period for transiting planets with known masses (P orb = 225.11781 days) and because it has a substantial eccentricity (e = 0.76). The location of TOI-4562 near the southern continuous viewing zone of TESS allowed observations throughout 25 sectors, enabling an unambiguous period measurement from TESS alone. Alongside the four available TESS transits, we performed follow-up photometry using the South African Astronomical Observatory node of the Las Cumbres Observatory and spectroscopy with the CHIRON spectrograph on the 1.5 m SMARTS telescope. We measure a radius of R J and a mass of 2.30 M J for TOI-4562b. The radius of the planet is consistent with contraction models describing the early evolution of the size of giant planets. We detect tentative transit timing variations at the ∼20 minutes level from five transit events, favoring the presence of a companion that could explain the dynamical history of this system if confirmed by future follow-up observations. With its current orbital configuration, tidal timescales are too long for TOI-4562b to become a hot Jupiter via high-eccentricity migration though it is not excluded that interactions with the possible companion could modify TOI-4562b’s eccentricity and trigger circularization. The characterization of more such young systems is essential to set constraints on models describing giant-planet evolution. |
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1538-3881 |
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8647 |
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Trifon Trifonov, Rafael Brahm, Andrés Jordán, Christian Hartogh, Thomas Henning, Melissa J. Hobson, Martin Schlecker, Saburo Howard, Finja Reichardt, Nestor Espinoza, Man Hoi Lee, David Nesvorny, Felipe I. Rojas, Khalid Barkaoui, Diana Kossakowski, Gavin Boyle, Stefan Dreizler, Martin Kürster, René Heller, Tristan Guillot, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, Lyu Abe, Abdelkrim Agabi, Philippe Bendjoya, Nicolas Crouzet, Georgina Dransfield, Thomas Gasparetto, Maximilian N. Günther, Wenceslas Marie-Sainte, Djamel Mékarnia, Olga Suarez, Johanna Teske, R. Paul Butler, Jeffrey D. Crane, Stephen Shectman, George R. Ricker, Avi Shporer, Roland Vanderspek, Jon M. Jenkins, Bill Wohler, Karen A. Collins, Kevin I. Collins, David R. Ciardi, Thomas Barclay, Ismael Mireles, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn |
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Title |
TOI-2525 b and c: A Pair of Massive Warm Giant Planets with Strong Transit Timing Variations Revealed by TESS* |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
The Astronomical Journal |
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Volume |
165 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
179 |
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The K-type star TOI-2525 has an estimated mass of M = M ⊙ and radius of R = R ⊙ observed by the TESS mission in 22 sectors (within sectors 1 and 39). The TESS light curves yield significant transit events of two companions, which show strong transit timing variations (TTVs) with a semiamplitude of ∼6 hr. We performed TTV dynamical and photodynamical light-curve analysis of the TESS data combined with radial velocity measurements from FEROS and PFS, and we confirmed the planetary nature of these companions. The TOI-2525 system consists of a transiting pair of planets comparable to Neptune and Jupiter with estimated dynamical masses of m b = and m c = M Jup, radii of r b = and r c = R Jup, and orbital periods of P b = and P c = days for the inner and outer planet, respectively. The period ratio is close to the 2:1 period commensurability, but the dynamical simulations of the system suggest that it is outside the mean-motion resonance (MMR) dynamical configuration. Object TOI-2525 b is among the lowest-density Neptune-mass planets known to date, with an estimated median density of ρ b = g cm−3. The TOI-2525 system is very similar to the other K dwarf systems discovered by TESS, TOI-2202 and TOI-216, which are composed of almost identical K dwarf primaries and two warm giant planets near the 2:1 MMR. |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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8646 |
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Faith Hawthorn, Daniel Bayliss, Thomas G Wilson, Andrea Bonfanti, Vardan Adibekyan, Yann Alibert, Sérgio G Sousa, Karen A Collins, Edward M Bryant, Ares Osborn, David J Armstrong, Lyu Abe, Jack S Acton, Brett C Addison, Karim Agabi, Roi Alonso, Douglas R Alves, Guillem Anglada-Escudé, Tamas Bárczy, Thomas Barclay, David Barrado, Susana C C Barros, Wolfgang Baumjohann, Philippe Bendjoya, Willy Benz, Allyson Bieryla, Xavier Bonfils, François Bouchy, Alexis Brandeker, Christopher Broeg, David J A Brown, Matthew R Burleigh, Marco Buttu, Juan Cabrera, Douglas A Caldwell, Sarah L Casewell, David Charbonneau, Sébastian Charnoz, Ryan Cloutier, Andrew Collier Cameron, Kevin I Collins, Dennis M Conti, Nicolas Crouzet, Szilárd Czismadia, Melvyn B Davies, Magali Deleuil, Elisa Delgado-Mena, Laetitia Delrez, Olivier D S Demangeon, Brice-Olivier Demory, Georgina Dransfield, Xavier Dumusque, Jo Ann Egger, David Ehrenreich, Philipp Eigmüller, Anders Erickson, Zahra Essack, Andrea Fortier, Luca Fossati, Malcolm Fridlund, Maximilian N Günther, Manuel Güdel, Davide Gandolfi, Harvey Gillard, Michaël Gillon, Crystal Gnilka, Michael R Goad, Robert F Goeke, Tristan Guillot, Andreas Hadjigeorghiou, Coel Hellier, Beth A Henderson, Kevin Heng, Matthew J Hooton, Keith Horne, Steve B Howell, Sergio Hoyer, Jonathan M Irwin, James S Jenkins, Jon M Jenkins, Eric L N Jensen, Stephen R Kane, Alicia Kendall, John F Kielkopf, Laszlo L Kiss, Gaia Lacedelli, Jacques Laskar, David W Latham, Alain Lecavalier des Etangs, Adrien Leleu, Monika Lendl, Jorge Lillo-Box, Christophe Lovis, Djamel Mékarnia, Bob Massey, Tamzin Masters, Pierre F L Maxted, Valerio Nascimbeni, Louise D Nielsen, Sean M O’Brien, Göran Olofsson, Hugh P Osborn, Isabella Pagano, Enric Pallé, Carina M Persson, Giampaolo Piotto, Peter Plavchan, Don Pollacco, Didier Queloz, Roberto Ragazzoni, Heike Rauer, Ignasi Ribas, George Ricker, Damien Ségransan, Sébastien Salmon, Alexandre Santerne, Nuno C Santos, Gaetano Scandariato, François-Xavier Schmider, Richard P Schwarz, Sara Seager, Avi Shporer, Attila E Simon, Alexis M S Smith, Gregor Srdoc, Manfred Steller, Olga Suarez, Gyula M Szabó, Johanna Teske, Nicolas Thomas, Rosanna H Tilbrook, Amaury H M J Triaud, Stéphane Udry, Valérie Van Grootel, Nicholas Walton, Sharon X Wang, Peter J Wheatley, Joshua N Winn, Robert A Wittenmyer, Hui Zhang |
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Title |
TOI-836: A super-Earth and mini-Neptune transiting a nearby K-dwarf |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
520 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
3649-3668 |
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Abstract |
We present the discovery of two exoplanets transiting TOI-836 (TIC 440887364) using data from TESS Sector 11 and Sector 38. TOI-836 is a bright (T = 8.5 mag), high proper motion (∼200 mas yr−1), low metallicity ([Fe/H]≈−0.28) K-dwarf with a mass of 0.68 ± 0.05 M⊙ and a radius of 0.67 ± 0.01 R⊙. We obtain photometric follow-up observations with a variety of facilities, and we use these data sets to determine that the inner planet, TOI-836 b, is a 1.70 ± 0.07 R⊕ super-Earth in a 3.82-d orbit, placing it directly within the so-called ‘radius valley’. The outer planet, TOI-836 c, is a 2.59 ± 0.09 R⊕ mini-Neptune in an 8.60-d orbit. Radial velocity measurements reveal that TOI-836 b has a mass of 4.5 ± 0.9 M⊕, while TOI-836 c has a mass of 9.6 ± 2.6 M⊕. Photometric observations show Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) on the order of 20 min for TOI-836 c, although there are no detectable TTVs for TOI-836 b. The TTVs of planet TOI-836 c may be caused by an undetected exterior planet. |
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1066 |
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0035-8711 |
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yes |
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8648 |
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Author |
Matthias Vignon, Mingsha Zhou, Angus R. McIntosh, Cristian Correa, Peter A. H. Westley, Lisa Jacquin, Jacques Labonne, Andrew P. Hendry |
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Title |
Trait variation in a successful global invader: a large-scale analysis of morphological variance and integration in the brown trout |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Biological Invasions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1659-1677 |
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Keywords |
Invasion Morphological integration Phenotypic variation Population size |
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Abstract |
In ecology and evolution, the small population paradigm posits that reduced genetic variation will result in limited phenotypic variation that, in turn, will affect population resilience and potential for adaptation. Over the last decade though, such a paradigm has been questioned, with evidence that mechanisms independent of genetic variation may be also important in shaping phenotypic variation. However, there are few large-scale empirical examples, especially from aquatic ecosystems. Using the large-scale natural experiment afforded by the global invasion of brown trout (Salmo trutta), we quantify standing phenotypic variation in morphology among different introduced ranges, relative to the native range. By using shape variation and morphological integration as indicators of phenotypic variation, we show that neither founding population size nor time since founding (i.e., effect of selection regime) are correlated to the amount of morphological variation, contrarily to common expectations. Beyond founding population size and time since founding, the amount of morphological variation is mostly controlled by factors at the population level rather than at the region level, and is not lower in invaded regions compared to the native range. These results suggest that the dynamics of phenotypic variation may be largely independent of population size and mostly determined by site-specific patterns of selection. |
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1041 |
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1573-1464 |
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yes |
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8649 |
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