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. (2020). Enhancement of ocean and sea ice in situ observations in the Arctic under the Horizon2020 project INTAROS.
Abstract: The H2020 project Integrated Arctic Observation System (INTAROS) aspires to increase the temporal and geographic coverage of in situ observations and add new key geophysical and biogeochemical variables in selected regions of the Arctic. By using a combination of mature and new instruments and sensors in integration with existing observatories, INTAROS aims to fill selected gaps in the present-day system and build additional capacity of the Arctic monitoring networks for ocean and sea ice. Three reference sites have been selected as key locations for monitoring ongoing Arctic changes: Costal Greenland, paramount for freshwater output from the Greenland ice sheet; North of Svalbard (covering the region from shelf to deep basin) – the hot-spot for ocean-air-sea ice interactions, and heat and biological energy input to the European Arctic; and Fram Strait – the critical gateway for exchanges between the Arctic and the World oceans. The existing observatories in the reference sites have been extended with new moorings and novel autonomous instrumentation, in particular for biogeochemical measurements and sea ice observations. Bottom-mounted instruments have been also implemented for seismic observations. A distributed observatory for ocean and sea ice in the Arctic Ocean and sub-Arctic seas includes non-stationary components such as ice-tethered observing platforms, float, gliders, and ships of opportunities, collecting multidisciplinary observations, still missing from the Arctic regions. New sensors, integrated platforms and experimental set-ups are currently under implementation during a two-year long deployment phase (2018-2020) with an aim to evaluate their sustained use in a future iAOS. New observations will be used for integration of new data products, demonstration studies and stakeholder consultations, contributing also to ongoing and future long-term initiatives (e.g. SAON).
Programme: 1141
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Detlev Helmig, Daniel Liptzin, Jacques Hueber, Joel Savarino. (2020). Impact of exhaust emissions on chemical snowpack composition at Concordia Station, Antarctica (Vol. 14). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Mioara Mandea, Aude Chambodut. (2020). Geomagnetic Field Processes and Their Implications for Space Weather (Vol. 41).
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. (2020). A compact incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for trace detection of nitrogen oxides, iodine oxide and glyoxal at levels below parts per billion for field applications (Vol. 13). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Maxime Pineaux, Thomas Merkling, Etienne Danchin, Scott Hatch, David Duneau, Pierrick Blanchard, Sarah Leclaire. (2020). Sex and hatching order modulate the association between MHC-II diversity and fitness in early-life stages of a wild seabird (Vol. 29).
Keywords: divergent allele advantage fitness heterozygote advantage immunity Ixodes uriae parasite-mediated selection
Programme: 1162
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. (2020). First record of Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni for Amsterdam Island, Indian Ocean (Vol. 27). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Vincent Lesur, Aude Chambodut. (2020). The French network of magnetic observatories.
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. (2020). Geomagnetic core field models and secular variation forecasts for the 13th International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF-13) (Vol. 72).
Keywords: Forecasts of the geomagnetic field Geomagnetic field models Geomagnetic secular variation The geomagnetic field
Programme: 139
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. (2020). Cluster Difference Imaging Photometric Survey. II. TOI 837: A Young Validated Planet in IC 2602 (Vol. 160). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: We report the discovery of TOI 837b and its validation as a transiting planet. We characterize the system using data from the NASA TESS mission, the ESA Gaia mission, ground-based photometry from El Sauce and ASTEP400, and spectroscopy from CHIRON, FEROS, and Veloce. We find that TOI 837 is a $T=9.9$ mag G0/F9 dwarf in the southern open cluster IC 2602. The star and planet are therefore $35^{+11}{-5}$ million years old. Combining the transit photometry with a prior on the stellar parameters derived from the cluster color-magnitude diagram, we find that the planet has an orbital period of $8.3\,{\rm d}$ and is slightly smaller than Jupiter ($R{\rm p} = 0.77^{+0.09}{-0.07} \,R{\rm Jup}$). From radial velocity monitoring, we limit $M{\rm p}\sin i$ to less than 1.20 $M{\rm Jup}$ (3-$\sigma$). The transits either graze or nearly graze the stellar limb. Grazing transits are a cause for concern, as they are often indicative of astrophysical false positive scenarios. Our follow-up data show that such scenarios are unlikely. Our combined multi-color photometry, high-resolution imaging, and radial velocities rule out hierarchical eclipsing binary scenarios. Background eclipsing binary scenarios, though limited by speckle imaging, remain a 0.2% possibility. TOI 837b is therefore a validated adolescent exoplanet. The planetary nature of the system can be confirmed or refuted through observations of the stellar obliquity and the planetary mass. Such observations may also improve our understanding of how the physical and orbital properties of exoplanets change in time.
Keywords: Astrophysics – Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics – Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Programme: 1066
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Razzolini Julia. (2020). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: One of the fundamental principles of life history trait theory is the existence of trade-offs. The amount of energy available to living beings is a limited resource that must be shared among different biological functions. The combination of traits best suited to ecological constraints will be selected. Growth is a crucial phase during which the future phenotype of the adult is established. This period between birth and the acquisition of independence from parents is characterized by very fast stature and weight growth and tissue maturation, particularly in bone and muscle. This phenomenon is marked by sustained parental nutrition. On an intraspecific scale, variations in individual chick growth may reflect the quality/experience of the parents. In some species, parental dietary intake may, regardless of quality, show wide seasonal fluctuations due to environmental changes and for developing individuals the quantity and quality of nutrients ingested and metabolized may be a limiting factor in growth. There is little information to understand the trade-offs in energy allocation that will be established to ensure survival and growth of the young in the case of inadequate dietary intakes. The king penguin chick is an atypical animal model for the study of these strategies. This seabird has an unusually long one-year development cycle for a bird and its growth is interrupted by a period of severe food restriction during the 4 months of the southern winter. In addition, exceptionally with a penguin, the period of initiation of reproduction is asynchronous and extends over several months. A direct consequence is a shorter time of accumulation of energy reserves in late-born chicks. We aim to determine whether the particularly long cycle of this chick and the environmental constraints to which it is subjected result in particular adaptations in terms of the relative development of the two muscle belts, pelvic and pectoral, and whether this growth compromise is expressed in the same way in early and late born chicks.
Programme: 119
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