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| Author | Jiadong Zhong, Matej Medvecky, Jérémy Tornos, Augustin Clessin, Hubert Gantelet, Amandine Gamble, Taya L. Forde, Thierry Boulinier | ||||
| Title | Genomic characterisation of a novel species of Erysipelothrix associated with mortalities among endangered seabirds | Type | Journal | ||
Year  |
2022 | Publication | Biorxive | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | Infectious diseases threaten endangered species, particularly in small isolated populations. Seabird populations on the remote Amsterdam Island in the Indian Ocean have been in decline for the past three decades, with avian cholera caused by Pasteurella multocida proposed as the primary driver. However, Erysipelothrix spp. has also been sporadically detected from albatrosses on Amsterdam Island and may be contributing to some of the observed mortality. In this study, we genomically characterised 16 Erysipelothrix spp. isolates obtained from three Indian yellow-nosed albatross chick carcasses in 2019. Two isolates were sequenced using both Illumina short-read and MinION long-read approaches, which – following hybrid assembly – resulted in closed circular genomes. Mapping of Illumina reads from the remaining isolates to one of these new reference genomes revealed that all 16 isolates were closely related, with a maximum of 13 nucleotide differences distinguishing any pair of isolates. The nucleotide diversity of isolates obtained from the same or different carcasses was similar, suggesting all three chicks were likely infected from a common source. These genomes were compared with a global collection of genomes from E. rhusiopathiae and other species from the same genus. The isolates from albatrosses were phylogenetically distinct, sharing a most recent common ancestor with E. rhusiopathiae. Based on phylogenomic analysis and standard thresholds for average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridisation, these isolates represent a novel Erysipelothrix species, for which we propose the name Erysipelothrix amsterdamensis sp. nov. The type strain is E. amsterdamensis A18Y020dT. The implications of this bacterium for albatross conservation will require further study. | ||||
| Programme | 1151 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8366 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Theresa L. Cole, Chengran Zhou, Miaoquan Fang, Hailin Pan, Daniel T. Ksepka, Steven R. Fiddaman, Christopher A. Emerling, Daniel B. Thomas, Xupeng Bi, Qi Fang, Martin R. Ellegaard, Shaohong Feng, Adrian L. Smith, Tracy A. Heath, Alan J. D. Tennyson, Pablo García Borboroglu, Jamie R. Wood, Peter W. Hadden, Stefanie Grosser, Charles-André Bost, Yves Cherel, Thomas Mattern, Tom Hart, Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding, Lara D. Shepherd, Richard A. Phillips, Petra Quillfeldt, Juan F. Masello, Juan L. Bouzat, Peter G. Ryan, David R. Thompson, Ursula Ellenberg, Peter Dann, Gary Miller, P. Dee Boersma, Ruoping Zhao, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Huanming Yang, De-Xing Zhang, Guojie Zhang | ||||
| Title | Genomic insights into the secondary aquatic transition of penguins | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Nature Communications | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 3912 |
| Keywords | Biodiversity Evolutionary genetics Zoology | ||||
| Abstract | Penguins lost the ability to fly more than 60 million years ago, subsequently evolving a hyper-specialized marine body plan. Within the framework of a genome-scale, fossil-inclusive phylogeny, we identify key geological events that shaped penguin diversification and genomic signatures consistent with widespread refugia/recolonization during major climate oscillations. We further identify a suite of genes potentially underpinning adaptations related to thermoregulation, oxygenation, diving, vision, diet, immunity and body size, which might have facilitated their remarkable secondary transition to an aquatic ecology. Our analyses indicate that penguins and their sister group (Procellariiformes) have the lowest evolutionary rates yet detected in birds. Together, these findings help improve our understanding of how penguins have transitioned to the marine environment, successfully colonizing some of the most extreme environments on Earth. | ||||
| Programme | 394 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2041-1723 | ISBN | 2041-1723 | Medium | |
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8367 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Jonas J. Lembrechts, Johan van den Hoogen, Juha Aalto, Michael B. Ashcroft, Pieter De Frenne, Julia Kemppinen, Martin Kopecký, Miska Luoto, Ilya M. D. Maclean, Thomas W. Crowther, Joseph J. Bailey, Stef Haesen, David H. Klinges, Pekka Niittynen, Brett R. Scheffers, Koenraad Van Meerbeek, Peter Aartsma, Otar Abdalaze, Mehdi Abedi, Rien Aerts, Negar Ahmadian, Antje Ahrends, Juha M. Alatalo, Jake M. Alexander, Camille Nina Allonsius, Jan Altman, Christof Ammann, Christian Andres, Christopher Andrews, Jonas Ardö, Nicola Arriga, Alberto Arzac, Valeria Aschero, Rafael L. Assis, Jakob Johann Assmann, Maaike Y. Bader, Khadijeh Bahalkeh, Peter Barančok, Isabel C. Barrio, Agustina Barros, Matti Barthel, Edmund W. Basham, Marijn Bauters, Manuele Bazzichetto, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Michael C. Bell, Juan C. Benavides, José Luis Benito Alonso, Bernd J. Berauer, Jarle W. Bjerke, Robert G. Björk, Mats P. Björkman, Katrin Björnsdóttir, Benjamin Blonder, Pascal Boeckx, Julia Boike, Stef Bokhorst, Bárbara N. S. Brum, Josef Brůna, Nina Buchmann, Pauline Buysse, José Luís Camargo, Otávio C. Campoe, Onur Candan, Rafaella Canessa, Nicoletta Cannone, Michele Carbognani, Jofre Carnicer, Angélica Casanova-Katny, Simone Cesarz, Bogdan Chojnicki, Philippe Choler, Steven L. Chown, Edgar F. Cifuentes, Marek Čiliak, Tamara Contador, Peter Convey, Elisabeth J. Cooper, Edoardo Cremonese, Salvatore R. Curasi, Robin Curtis, Maurizio Cutini, C. Johan Dahlberg, Gergana N. Daskalova, Miguel Angel de Pablo, Stefano Della Chiesa, Jürgen Dengler, Bart Deronde, Patrice Descombes, Valter Di Cecco, Michele Di Musciano, Jan Dick, Romina D. Dimarco, Jiri Dolezal, Ellen Dorrepaal, Jiří Dušek, Nico Eisenhauer, Lars Eklundh, Todd E. Erickson, Brigitta Erschbamer, Werner Eugster, Robert M. Ewers, Dan A. Exton, Nicolas Fanin, Fatih Fazlioglu, Iris Feigenwinter, Giuseppe Fenu, Olga Ferlian, M. Rosa Fernández Calzado, Eduardo Fernández-Pascual, Manfred Finckh, Rebecca Finger Higgens, T'ai G. W. Forte, Erika C. Freeman, Esther R. Frei, Eduardo Fuentes-Lillo, Rafael A. García, María B. García, Charly Géron, Mana Gharun, Dany Ghosn, Khatuna Gigauri, Anne Gobin, Ignacio Goded, Mathias Goeckede, Felix Gottschall, Keith Goulding, Sanne Govaert, Bente Jessen Graae, Sarah Greenwood, Caroline Greiser, Achim Grelle, Benoit Guénard, Mauro Guglielmin, Joannès Guillemot, Peter Haase, Sylvia Haider, Aud H. Halbritter, Maroof Hamid, Albin Hammerle, Arndt Hampe, Siri V. Haugum, Lucia Hederová, Bernard Heinesch, Carole Helfter, Daniel Hepenstrick, Maximiliane Herberich, Mathias Herbst, Luise Hermanutz, David S. Hik, Raúl Hoffrén, Jürgen Homeier, Lukas Hörtnagl, Toke T. Høye, Filip Hrbacek, Kristoffer Hylander, Hiroki Iwata, Marcin Antoni Jackowicz-Korczynski, Hervé Jactel, Järvi Järveoja, Szymon Jastrzębowski, Anke Jentsch, Juan J. Jiménez, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir, Tommaso Jucker, Alistair S. Jump, Radoslaw Juszczak, Róbert Kanka, Vít Kašpar, George Kazakis, Julia Kelly, Anzar A. Khuroo, Leif Klemedtsson, Marcin Klisz, Natascha Kljun, Alexander Knohl, Johannes Kobler, Jozef Kollár, Martyna M. Kotowska, Bence Kovács, Juergen Kreyling, Andrea Lamprecht, Simone I. Lang, Christian Larson, Keith Larson, Kamil Laska, Guerric le Maire, Rachel I. Leihy, Luc Lens, Bengt Liljebladh, Annalea Lohila, Juan Lorite, Benjamin Loubet, Joshua Lynn, Martin Macek, Roy Mackenzie, Enzo Magliulo, Regine Maier, Francesco Malfasi, František Máliš, Matěj Man, Giovanni Manca, Antonio Manco, Tanguy Manise, Paraskevi Manolaki, Felipe Marciniak, Radim Matula, Ana Clara Mazzolari, Sergiy Medinets, Volodymyr Medinets, Camille Meeussen, Sonia Merinero, Rita de Cássia Guimarães Mesquita, Katrin Meusburger, Filip J. R. Meysman, Sean T. Michaletz, Ann Milbau, Dmitry Moiseev, Pavel Moiseev, Andrea Mondoni, Ruth Monfries, Leonardo Montagnani, Mikel Moriana-Armendariz, Umberto Morra di Cella, Martin Mörsdorf, Jonathan R. Mosedale, Lena Muffler, Miriam Muñoz-Rojas, Jonathan A. Myers, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Laszlo Nagy, Marianna Nardino, Ilona Naujokaitis-Lewis, Emily Newling, Lena Nicklas, Georg Niedrist, Armin Niessner, Mats B. Nilsson, Signe Normand, Marcelo D. Nosetto, Yann Nouvellon, Martin A. Nuñez, Romà Ogaya, Jérôme Ogée, Joseph Okello, Janusz Olejnik, Jørgen Eivind Olesen, Øystein H. Opedal, Simone Orsenigo, Andrej Palaj, Timo Pampuch, Alexey V. Panov, Meelis Pärtel, Ada Pastor, Aníbal Pauchard, Harald Pauli, Marian Pavelka, William D. Pearse, Matthias Peichl, Loïc Pellissier, Rachel M. Penczykowski, Josep Penuelas, Matteo Petit Bon, Alessandro Petraglia, Shyam S. Phartyal, Gareth K. Phoenix, Casimiro Pio, Andrea Pitacco, Camille Pitteloud, Roman Plichta, Francesco Porro, Miguel Portillo-Estrada, Jérôme Poulenard, Rafael Poyatos, Anatoly S. Prokushkin, Radoslaw Puchalka, Mihai Pușcaș, Dajana Radujković, Krystal Randall, Amanda Ratier Backes, Sabine Remmele, Wolfram Remmers, David Renault, Anita C. Risch, Christian Rixen, Sharon A. Robinson, Bjorn J. M. Robroek, Adrian V. Rocha, Christian Rossi, Graziano Rossi, Olivier Roupsard, Alexey V. Rubtsov, Patrick Saccone, Clotilde Sagot, Jhonatan Sallo Bravo, Cinthya C. Santos, Judith M. Sarneel, Tobias Scharnweber, Jonas Schmeddes, Marius Schmidt, Thomas Scholten, Max Schuchardt, Naomi Schwartz, Tony Scott, Julia Seeber, Ana Cristina Segalin de Andrade, Tim Seipel, Philipp Semenchuk, Rebecca A. Senior, Josep M. Serra-Diaz, Piotr Sewerniak, Ankit Shekhar, Nikita V. Sidenko, Lukas Siebicke, Laura Siegwart Collier, Elizabeth Simpson, David P. Siqueira, Zuzana Sitková, Johan Six, Marko Smiljanic, Stuart W. Smith, Sarah Smith-Tripp, Ben Somers, Mia Vedel Sørensen, José João L. L. Souza, Bartolomeu Israel Souza, Arildo Souza Dias, Marko J. Spasojevic, James D. M. Speed, Fabien Spicher, Angela Stanisci, Klaus Steinbauer, Rainer Steinbrecher, Michael Steinwandter, Michael Stemkovski, Jörg G. Stephan, Christian Stiegler, Stefan Stoll, Martin Svátek, Miroslav Svoboda, Torbern Tagesson, Andrew J. Tanentzap, Franziska Tanneberger, Jean-Paul Theurillat, Haydn J. D. Thomas, Andrew D. Thomas, Katja Tielbörger, Marcello Tomaselli, Urs Albert Treier, Mario Trouillier, Pavel Dan Turtureanu, Rosamond Tutton, Vilna A. Tyystjärvi, Masahito Ueyama, Karol Ujházy, Mariana Ujházyová, Domas Uogintas, Anastasiya V. Urban, Josef Urban, Marek Urbaniak, Tudor-Mihai Ursu, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Stijn Van de Vondel, Liesbeth van den Brink, Maarten Van Geel, Vigdis Vandvik, Pieter Vangansbeke, Andrej Varlagin, G. F. Veen, Elmar Veenendaal, Susanna E. Venn, Hans Verbeeck, Erik Verbrugggen, Frank G. A. Verheijen, Luis Villar, Luca Vitale, Pascal Vittoz, Maria Vives-Ingla, Jonathan von Oppen, Josefine Walz, Runxi Wang, Yifeng Wang, Robert G. Way, Ronja E. M. Wedegärtner, Robert Weigel, Jan Wild, Matthew Wilkinson, Martin Wilmking, Lisa Wingate, Manuela Winkler, Sonja Wipf, Georg Wohlfahrt, Georgios Xenakis, Yan Yang, Zicheng Yu, Kailiang Yu, Florian Zellweger, Jian Zhang, Zhaochen Zhang, Peng Zhao, Klaudia Ziemblińska, Reiner Zimmermann, Shengwei Zong, Viacheslav I. Zyryanov, Ivan Nijs, Jonathan Lenoir | ||||
| Title | Global maps of soil temperature | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Global Change Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 28 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 3110-3144 |
| Keywords | bioclimatic variables global maps microclimate near-surface temperatures soil temperature soil-dwelling organisms temperature offset weather stations | ||||
| Abstract | Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0–5 and 5–15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (−0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications. | ||||
| Programme | 136 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1365-2486 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8368 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Georgina Dransfield, Amaury H M J Triaud, Tristan Guillot, Djamel Mekarnia, David Nesvorný, Nicolas Crouzet, Lyu Abe, Karim Agabi, Marco Buttu, Juan Cabrera, Davide Gandolfi, Maximilian N Günther, Florian Rodler, François-Xavier Schmider, Philippe Stee, Olga Suarez, Karen A Collins, Martín Dévora-Pajares, Steve B Howell, Elisabeth C Matthews, Matthew R Standing, Keivan G Stassun, Chris Stockdale, Samuel N Quinn, Carl Ziegler, Ian J M Crossfield, Jack J Lissauer, Andrew W Mann, Rachel Matson, Joshua Schlieder, George Zhou | ||||
| Title | HD 28109 hosts a trio of transiting Neptunian planets including a near-resonant pair, confirmed by ASTEP from Antarctica | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 515 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 1328-1345 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | We report on the discovery and characterization of three planets orbiting the F8 star HD 28109, which sits comfortably in ${TESS}$’s continuous viewing zone. The two outer planets have periods of $\rm 56.0067 \pm 0.0003~d$ and $\rm 84.2597{-0.0008}^{+0.0010}~d$, which implies a period ratio very close to that of the first-order 3:2 mean motion resonance, exciting transit timing variations (TTVs) of up to $\rm 60\, min$. These two planets were first identified by ${TESS}$, and we identified a third planet in the ${TESS}$photometry with a period of $\rm 22.8911 \pm 0.0004~d$. We confirm the planetary nature of all three planetary candidates using ground-based photometry from Hazelwood, ${ASTEP}$, and LCO, including a full detection of the $\rm \sim 9\, h$ transit of HD 28109 c from Antarctica. The radii of the three planets are ${\it R}b=2.199{-0.10}^{+0.098} ~{\rm R}{\oplus }$, ${\it R}c=4.23\pm 0.11~ {\rm R}{\oplus }$, and ${\it R}d=3.25\pm 0.11 ~{\rm R}{\oplus }$; we characterize their masses using TTVs and precise radial velocities from ESPRESSO and HARPS, and find them to be ${\it M}b=18.5{-7.6}^{+9.1}~M{\oplus }$, ${\it M}c=7.9{-3.0}^{+4.2}~{\rm M}{\oplus }$, and ${\it M}d=5.7{-2.1}^{+2.7}~{\rm M}_{\oplus }$, making planet b a dense, massive planet while c and d are both underdense. We also demonstrate that the two outer planets are ripe for atmospheric characterization using transmission spectroscopy, especially given their position in the CVZ of James Webb Space Telescope. The data obtained to date are consistent with resonant (librating) and non-resonant (circulating) solutions; additional observations will show whether the pair is actually locked in resonance or just near-resonant. | ||||
| Programme | 1066 | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0035-8711 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8370 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Morgane Amelot, Floriane Plard, Christophe Guinet, John P. Y. Arnould, Nicolas Gasco, Paul Tixier | ||||
| Title | Increasing numbers of killer whale individuals use fisheries as feeding opportunities within subantarctic populations | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Biology Letters | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 18 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 20210328 |
| Keywords | capture–mark–recapture depredation killer whales | ||||
| Abstract | Fisheries can generate feeding opportunities for large marine predators in the form of discards or accessible catch. How the use of this anthropogenic food may spread as a new behaviour, across individuals within populations over time, is poorly understood. This study used a 16-year (2003–2018) monitoring of two killer whale Orcinus orca subantarctic populations (regular and Type-D at Crozet), and Bayesian multistate capture–mark–recapture models, to assess temporal changes in the number of individuals feeding on fish caught on hooks (‘depredation’ behaviour) of a fishery started in 1996. For both populations, the number of depredating individuals increased during the study period (34 to 94 for regular; 17 to 43 for Type-D). Increasing abundance is unlikely to account for this and, rather, the results suggest depredation was acquired by increasing numbers of existing individuals. For regular killer whales, a plateau reached from 2014 suggests that it took 18 years for the behaviour to spread across the whole population. A more recent plateau was apparent for Type-Ds but additional years are needed to confirm this. These findings show how changes in prey availability caused by human activities lead to rapid, yet progressive, innovations in killer whales, likely altering the ecological role of this top-predator. | ||||
| Programme | 109 | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8378 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Olivier Chastel, Jérôme Fort, Joshua T. Ackerman, Céline Albert, Frédéric Angelier, Niladri Basu, Pierre Blévin, Maud Brault-Favrou, Jan Ove Bustnes, Paco Bustamante, Jóhannis Danielsen, Sébastien Descamps, Rune Dietz, Kjell Einar Erikstad, Igor Eulaers, Alexey Ezhov, Abram B. Fleishman, Geir W. Gabrielsen, Maria Gavrilo, Grant Gilchrist, Olivier Gilg, Sindri Gíslason, Elena Golubova, Aurélie Goutte, David Grémillet, Gunnar T. Hallgrimsson, Erpur S. Hansen, Sveinn Are Hanssen, Scott Hatch, Nicholas P. Huffeldt, Dariusz Jakubas, Jón Einar Jónsson, Alexander S. Kitaysky, Yann Kolbeinsson, Yuri Krasnov, Robert J. Letcher, Jannie F. Linnebjerg, Mark Mallory, Flemming Ravn Merkel, Børge Moe, William J. Montevecchi, Anders Mosbech, Bergur Olsen, Rachael A. Orben, Jennifer F. Provencher, Sunna B. Ragnarsdottir, Tone K. Reiertsen, Nora Rojek, Marc Romano, Jens Søndergaard, Hallvard Strøm, Akinori Takahashi, Sabrina Tartu, Thorkell L. Thórarinsson, Jean-Baptiste Thiebot, Alexis P. Will, Simon Wilson, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Glenn Yannic | ||||
| Title | Mercury contamination and potential health risks to Arctic seabirds and shorebirds | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Science of The Total Environment | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 844 | Issue | Pages | 156944 | |
| Keywords | Arctic Birds Mercury Toxicity benchmarks Toxicological effects | ||||
| Abstract | Since the last Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) effort to review biological effects of mercury (Hg) on Arctic biota in 2011 and 2018, there has been a considerable number of new Arctic bird studies. This review article provides contemporary Hg exposure and potential health risk for 36 Arctic seabird and shorebird species, representing a larger portion of the Arctic than during previous AMAP assessments now also including parts of the Russian Arctic. To assess risk to birds, we used Hg toxicity benchmarks established for blood and converted to egg, liver, and feather tissues. Several Arctic seabird populations showed Hg concentrations that exceeded toxicity benchmarks, with 50 % of individual birds exceeding the “no adverse health effect” level. In particular, 5 % of all studied birds were considered to be at moderate or higher risk to Hg toxicity. However, most seabirds (95 %) were generally at lower risk to Hg toxicity. The highest Hg contamination was observed in seabirds breeding in the western Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Most Arctic shorebirds exhibited low Hg concentrations, with approximately 45 % of individuals categorized at no risk, 2.5 % at high risk category, and no individual at severe risk. Although the majority Arctic-breeding seabirds and shorebirds appeared at lower risk to Hg toxicity, recent studies have reported deleterious effects of Hg on some pituitary hormones, genotoxicity, and reproductive performance. Adult survival appeared unaffected by Hg exposure, although long-term banding studies incorporating Hg are still limited. Although Hg contamination across the Arctic is considered low for most bird species, Hg in combination with other stressors, including other contaminants, diseases, parasites, and climate change, may still cause adverse effects. Future investigations on the global impact of Hg on Arctic birds should be conducted within a multi-stressor framework. This information helps to address Article 22 (Effectiveness Evaluation) of the Minamata Convention on Mercury as a global pollutant. | ||||
| Programme | 330,388,1036,1210 | ||||
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| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Bachelor's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0048-9697 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8388 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | William D. Paterson, Laureline L. Chaise, Chris McKnight, John I. Currie, Dave Thompson, André Ancel, Caroline Gilbert, Dominic J. McCafferty | ||||
| Title | Metabolic heat loss in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) differs with stage of moult and between habitats | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Journal of Thermal Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 104 | Issue | Pages | 103183 | |
| Keywords | Heat loss Marine mammals Moult Pinnipeds Skin temperature Thermoregulation | ||||
| Abstract | The moult in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) represents an especially energetically demanding period during which seals must maintain high skin temperature to facilitate complete replacement of body fur and upper dermis. In this study, heat flux from the body surface was measured on 18 moulting southern elephant seals to estimate metabolic heat loss in three different habitats (beach, wallow and vegetation). Temperature data loggers were also deployed on 10 southern elephant seals to monitor skin surface temperature. On average, heat loss of animals on the beach was greater than in wallows or vegetation, and greater in wallows than in vegetation. Heat loss across all habitats during the moult equated to 1.8 x resting metabolic rate (RMR). The greatest heat loss of animals was recorded in the beach habitat during the late moult, that represented 2.3 x RMR. Mass loss was 3.6 ± 0.3 kg day-1, resulting in changes in body condition as the moult progressed. As body condition declined, skin surface temperature also decreased, suggesting that as animals approached the end of the moult blood flow to the skin surface was no longer required for hair growth. | ||||
| Programme | 1201 | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0306-4565 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8389 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Maxime Pineaux, Thomas Merkling, Etienne Danchin, Scott A Hatch, Sarah Leclaire, Pierrick Blanchard | ||||
| Title | MHC-II distance between parents predicts sex allocation decisions in a genetically monogamous bird | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 33 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 245-251 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Theory predicts that parental heritable characteristics should shape sex allocation decisions when their effects on reproduction or survival are offspring sex-dependent. Numerous studies have questioned to what extent characteristics displayed by one of the parents matched theoretical expectations. This contrasts with the handful of studies that investigated whether compatibility between parents could also trigger selective pressures for sex allocation adjustments. We studied the genetically monogamous black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), where previous data revealed that female chicks suffered higher fitness costs from low diversity at genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) than male chicks. We predicted, and found in our dataset, that MHC-similar parents, producing low MHC-diverse offspring, should avoid the production of females. The relation between MHC-distance between parents (i.e. the functional distinctness of their MHC alleles) and offspring sex was not linear, such that MHC-dissimilar parents also overproduced sons. Overall, our results suggest that the genetically monogamous black-legged kittiwake parents flexibly adapt their reproduction and circumvent the costs of suboptimal pairing by manipulating offspring sex. | ||||
| Programme | 1162 | ||||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1465-7279 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8390 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Silvia Queipo-Abad, Zoyne Pedrero, Claudia Marchán-Moreno, Khouloud El Hanafi, Sylvain Bérail, Warren T. Corns, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante, David Amouroux | ||||
| Title | New insights into the biomineralization of mercury selenide nanoparticles through stable isotope analysis in giant petrel tissues | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Journal of Hazardous Materials | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 425 | Issue | Pages | 127922 | |
| Keywords | HgSe nanoparticles Isotopic fractionation MeHg demethylation Mercury Seabirds | ||||
| Abstract | Tiemannite (HgSe) is considered the end-product of methylmercury (MeHg) demethylation in vertebrates. The biomineralization of HgSe nanoparticles (NPs) is understood to be an efficient MeHg detoxification mechanism; however, the process has not yet been fully elucidated. In order to contribute to the understanding of complex Hg metabolism and HgSe NPs formation, the Hg isotopic signatures of 40 samples of 11 giant petrels were measured. This seabird species is one of the largest avian scavengers in the Southern Ocean, highly exposed to MeHg through their diet, reaching Hg concentrations in the liver up to more than 900 µg g-1. This work constitutes the first species-specific isotopic measurement (δ202Hg, Δ199Hg) of HgSe NPs in seabirds and the largest characterization of this compound in biota. Similar δ202Hg values specifically associated to HgSe (δ202HgHgSe) and tissues (δ202Hgbulk) dominated by inorganic Hg species were found, suggesting that no isotopic fractionation is induced during the biomineralization step from the precursor (demethylated) species. In contrast, the largest variations between δ202Hgbulk and δ202HgHgSe were observed in muscle and brain tissues. This could be attributed to the higher fraction of Hg present as MeHg in these tissues. Hg-biomolecules screening highlights the importance of the isotopic characterization of these (unknown) complexes. | ||||
| Programme | 109 | ||||
| Campaign | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-3894 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8394 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Leo Uesaka, Yusuke Goto, Yoshinari Yonehara, Kosei Komatsu, Masaru Naruoka, Henri Weimerskirch, Katsufumi Sato, Kentaro Q. Sakamoto | ||||
| Title | Ocean wave observation utilizing motion records of seabirds | Type | Journal | ||
| Year |
2022 | Publication | Progress in Oceanography | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 200 | Issue | Pages | 102713 | |
| Keywords | Biologging GPS Indian Ocean Ocean observation Ocean waves Seabird | ||||
| Abstract | Various environmental oceanic factors, such as ocean waves, affect seabird ecology; ocean waves are important, as most flying seabirds must land on ocean surfaces for foraging. However, the global ocean wave observation network is spatiotemporally poor compared to other parameters; fine-scale information on wave conditions is limited, and the influence of wave conditions on seabirds has not been quantitatively studied. In this study, a method was developed to estimate ocean waves from the fine-scale motions of seabirds floating on the sea surface, as recorded by a global positioning system (single-point positioning). Ocean wave parameters, estimated from streaked shearwater around the eastern ocean of Japan, strongly corresponded with the observation results of a buoy, with an accuracy of <0.3 m for wave heights of 1.0–2.5 m. Furthermore, wave height estimated from streaked shearwaters and wandering albatrosses around the southern Indian Ocean significantly correlated with hindcast-model values. Bird-based wave observation methods are valuable not only in seabird ecology but also in oceanography as an in-situ observation system. Based on the results of bird-based wave observations, the preferences of wandering albatrosses under various wave conditions were further examined. Anecdotal studies suggest that seabirds prefer low-wave conditions to forage in because of prey visibility; however, wandering albatrosses landed on the sea surface randomly, even on very high waves (5–6 m), revealing their tolerance to ocean surface conditions. Considering the effect of environmental factors on marine animals, increased inclusion of previously ignored parameters in analysis, such as ocean waves, is essential. | ||||
| Programme | 109 | ||||
| Campaign | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0079-6611 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 8395 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||