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Sydney Vach, Samuel N. Quinn, Andrew Vanderburg, Stephen R. Kane, Karen A. Collins, Adam L. Kraus, George Zhou, Amber A. Medina, Richard P. Schwarz, Kevin I. Collins, Dennis M. Conti, Chris Stockdale, Bob Massey, Olga Suarez, Tristan Guillot, Djamel Mekarnia, Lyu Abe, Georgina Dransfield, Nicolas Crouzet, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud, François-Xavier Schmider, Abelkrim Agabi, Marco Buttu, Coel Hellier, Elise Furlan, Crystal L. Gnilka, Steve B. Howell, Carl Ziegler, César Briceño, Nicholas Law, Andrew W. Mann, Alexander Rudat, Knicole D. Colon, Mark E. Rose, Michelle Kunimoto, Maximilian N. Günther, David Charbonneau, David R. Ciardi, George R. Ricker, Roland K. Vanderspek, David W. Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins. (2022). TOI-712: A System of Adolescent Mini-Neptunes Extending to the Habitable Zone (Vol. 164).
Abstract: As an all-sky survey, NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission is able to detect the brightest and rarest types of transiting planetary systems, including young planets that enable study of the evolutionary processes that occur within the first billion years. Here we report the discovery of a young, multiplanet system orbiting the bright K4.5V star, TOI-712 (V = 10.838, , R ⋆ = 0.674 ± 0.016 R ⊙, K). From the TESS light curve, we measure a rotation period of 12.48 days and derive an age between about 500 Myr and 1.1 Gyr. The photometric observations reveal three transiting mini-Neptunes (, , ), with orbital periods of P b = 9.531 days, P c = 51.699 days, and P d = 84.839 days. After modeling the three-planet system, an additional Earth-sized candidate is identified, TOI-712.05 (P = 4.32 days, R P = 0.81 ± 0.11 R ⊕). We calculate that the habitable zone falls between 0.339 and 0.844 au (82.7 and 325.3 days), placing TOI-712 d near its inner edge. Among planetary systems harboring temperate planets, TOI-712 (T = 9.9) stands out as a relatively young star bright enough to motivate further characterization.
Programme: 1066
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Téchiné P., L. Testut, G. Woppelmann, M. Gravelle, M. Guichard, V. Kérébel, E. Pouteau, T. Donal, S. Enet, C. Fraboul, R. Lhullier, N. Pouvreau, A. Guilot, C. Brachet, M. Calzas, C. Drezen, L. Fichen. (2022). SNO SONEL (Service d’Observation du Niveau des Eaux Littorales).
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Téchiné P., L. Testut, M. Calzas, A. Guillot, C. Drezen, C. Brachet, L. Fichen, T. Donal, V. Kérébel. (2022). Réseau d’Observation Subantarctique et Antarctique du niveau de la MEr.
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Theresa L. Cole, Chengran Zhou, Miaoquan Fang, Hailin Pan, Daniel T. Ksepka, Steven R. Fiddaman, Christopher A. Emerling, Daniel B. Thomas, Xupeng Bi, Qi Fang, Martin R. Ellegaard, Shaohong Feng, Adrian L. Smith, Tracy A. Heath, Alan J. D. Tennyson, Pablo García Borboroglu, Jamie R. Wood, Peter W. Hadden, Stefanie Grosser, Charles-André Bost, Yves Cherel, Thomas Mattern, Tom Hart, Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding, Lara D. Shepherd, Richard A. Phillips, Petra Quillfeldt, Juan F. Masello, Juan L. Bouzat, Peter G. Ryan, David R. Thompson, Ursula Ellenberg, Peter Dann, Gary Miller, P. Dee Boersma, Ruoping Zhao, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Huanming Yang, De-Xing Zhang, Guojie Zhang. (2022). Genomic insights into the secondary aquatic transition of penguins (Vol. 13).
Abstract: Penguins lost the ability to fly more than 60 million years ago, subsequently evolving a hyper-specialized marine body plan. Within the framework of a genome-scale, fossil-inclusive phylogeny, we identify key geological events that shaped penguin diversification and genomic signatures consistent with widespread refugia/recolonization during major climate oscillations. We further identify a suite of genes potentially underpinning adaptations related to thermoregulation, oxygenation, diving, vision, diet, immunity and body size, which might have facilitated their remarkable secondary transition to an aquatic ecology. Our analyses indicate that penguins and their sister group (Procellariiformes) have the lowest evolutionary rates yet detected in birds. Together, these findings help improve our understanding of how penguins have transitioned to the marine environment, successfully colonizing some of the most extreme environments on Earth.
Keywords: Biodiversity Evolutionary genetics Zoology
Programme: 394
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Thomas G Wilson, Elisa Goffo, Yann Alibert, Davide Gandolfi, Andrea Bonfanti, Carina M Persson, Andrew Collier Cameron, Malcolm Fridlund, Luca Fossati, Judith Korth, Willy Benz, Adrien Deline, Hans-Gustav Florén, Pascal Guterman, Vardan Adibekyan, Matthew J Hooton, Sergio Hoyer, Adrien Leleu, Alexander James Mustill, Sébastien Salmon, Sérgio G Sousa, Olga Suarez, Lyu Abe, Abdelkrim Agabi, Roi Alonso, Guillem Anglada, Joel Asquier, Tamas Bárczy, David Barrado Navascues, Susana C C Barros, Wolfgang Baumjohann, Mathias Beck, Thomas Beck, Nicolas Billot, Xavier Bonfils, Alexis Brandeker, Christopher Broeg, Edward M Bryant, Matthew R Burleigh, Marco Buttu, Juan Cabrera, Sébastien Charnoz, David R Ciardi, Ryan Cloutier, William D Cochran, Karen A Collins, Knicole D Colón, Nicolas Crouzet, Szilard Csizmadia, Melvyn B Davies, Magali Deleuil, Laetitia Delrez, Olivier Demangeon, Brice-Olivier Demory, Diana Dragomir, Georgina Dransfield, David Ehrenreich, Anders Erikson, Andrea Fortier, Tianjun Gan, Samuel Gill, Michaël Gillon, Crystal L Gnilka, Nolan Grieves, Sascha Grziwa, Manuel Güdel, Tristan Guillot, Jonas Haldemann, Kevin Heng, Keith Horne, Steve B Howell, Kate G Isaak, Jon M Jenkins, Eric L N Jensen, Laszlo Kiss, Gaia Lacedelli, Kristine Lam, Jacques Laskar, David W Latham, Alain Lecavelier des Etangs, Monika Lendl, Kathryn V Lester, Alan M Levine, John Livingston, Christophe Lovis, Rafael Luque, Demetrio Magrin, Wenceslas Marie-Sainte, Pierre F L Maxted, Andrew W Mayo, Brian McLean, Marko Mecina, Djamel Mékarnia, Valerio Nascimbeni, Louise D Nielsen, Göran Olofsson, Hugh P Osborn, Hannah L M Osborne, Roland Ottensamer, Isabella Pagano, Enric Pallé, Gisbert Peter, Giampaolo Piotto, Don Pollacco, Didier Queloz, Roberto Ragazzoni, Nicola Rando, Heike Rauer, Seth Redfield, Ignasi Ribas, George R Ricker, Martin Rieder, Nuno C Santos, Gaetano Scandariato, François-Xavier Schmider, Richard P Schwarz, Nicholas J Scott, Sara Seager, Damien Ségransan, Luisa Maria Serrano, Attila E Simon, Alexis M S Smith, Manfred Steller, Chris Stockdale, Gyula Szabó, Nicolas Thomas, Eric B Ting, Amaury H M J Triaud, Stéphane Udry, Vincent Van Eylen, Valérie Van Grootel, Roland K Vanderspek, Valentina Viotto, Nicholas Walton, Joshua N Winn. (2022). A pair of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 characterized with CHEOPS (Vol. 511).
Abstract: We report the discovery and characterization of a pair of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331), initially detected in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry. To characterize the system, we performed and retrieved the CHaracterising ExOPlanets Satellite (CHEOPS), TESS, and ground-based photometry, the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) high-resolution spectroscopy, and Gemini speckle imaging. We characterize the host star and determine $T{\rm eff, \star }=4734\pm 67\,\mathrm{ K}$, $R{\star }=0.726\pm 0.007\, \mathrm{ R}{\odot }$, and $M{\star }=0.748\pm 0.032\, \mathrm{ M}{\odot }$. We present a novel detrending method based on point spread function shape-change modelling and demonstrate its suitability to correct flux variations in CHEOPS data. We confirm the planetary nature of both bodies and find that TOI-1064 b has an orbital period of Pb = 6.44387 ± 0.00003 d, a radius of Rb = 2.59 ± 0.04 R⊕, and a mass of $M{\rm b} = 13.5{-1.8}^{+1.7}$ M⊕, whilst TOI-1064 c has an orbital period of $P{\rm c} = 12.22657^{+0.00005}_{-0.00004}$ d, a radius of Rc = 2.65 ± 0.04 R⊕, and a 3σ upper mass limit of 8.5 M⊕. From the high-precision photometry we obtain radius uncertainties of ∼1.6 per cent, allowing us to conduct internal structure and atmospheric escape modelling. TOI-1064 b is one of the densest, well-characterized sub-Neptunes, with a tenuous atmosphere that can be explained by the loss of a primordial envelope following migration through the protoplanetary disc. It is likely that TOI-1064 c has an extended atmosphere due to the tentative low density, however further radial velocities are needed to confirm this scenario and the similar radii, different masses nature of this system. The high-precision data and modelling of TOI-1064 b are important for planets in this region of mass–radius space, and it allow us to identify a trend in bulk density–stellar metallicity for massive sub-Neptunes that may hint at the formation of this population of planets.
Programme: 1066
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Thomas Guiguitant. (2022). Etude des stratégies de vie d’espèces de macrophyte (Limosella australis) de l’archipel des Kerguelen.
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Tignat-Perrier, R., Vogel, T. M., Técher, N., Larose, C., and Dommergue, A. (2022). Microorganisms Floating Through the Air.
Abstract: Would you believe us if we told you that, when you breathe in, you inhale thousands of microorganisms with every breath. Although this might sound scary, be assured that they are safe for your health. These airborne microorganisms, too small to see with the naked eye, consist of many different species. Who are they? Where do they come from? What do they do in the air? These are some of the questions that we answer in this article, although many questions about airborne microorganisms remain to be explored.
Programme: 1028
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Tracey L. Hammer, Pierre Bize, Claire Saraux, Benoit Gineste, Jean-Patrice Robin, René Groscolas, Vincent A. Viblanc. (2022). Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distances in king penguins: Effects of colony, approach speed, and weather (Vol. 128).
Abstract: Alert distance (AD) and flight initiation distance (FID) are popular measures used to explore the reaction of prey to approaching predators, and thus the economics underlying optimal escape strategies. AD likely mirrors the effort invested into vigilance, while FID provides an estimate of the perceived risk of an approaching threat. Although individual variation in AD and FID is influenced by environmental factors such as variation in predation pressure and human disturbance, the repeatabilities of these traits (especially AD), and therefore their designation as personality traits, remain under-investigated. Here, we studied the repeatability of AD, FID, and the decision to flee in a flightless, ground-breeding seabird, the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus). A single experimenter approached three times over three consecutive days 47 incubating king penguins from two different colonies with varying human disturbance levels. We explored the effects of weather, time of day, and approach speed of the experimenter on these behaviors. Weather had an effect on all three behaviors. In warm, sunny weather AD increased. In rainy, windy weather birds were more likely to flee, but waited longer before initiating flight. Faster approach speeds between AD and FID increased FID. Weather conditions and speed of approach affected repeatability estimates, highlighting the need to consider external sources of variation when refining such estimates. FID and the decision to flee were significantly and moderately repeatable (r = 0.26 and 0.57, respectively), while AD was not. There was no evidence of behavioral habituation or sensitization in either colony.
Keywords: Aptenodytes patagonicus human disturbance optimal escape decisions personality predation risk
Programme: 119
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Tranchant Y.-T. (2022). Vers une meilleure exploitation de l’altimétrie côtière : apports combinés de la modélisation hydrodynamique à haute-résolution et des nouvelles techniques de cartographie du niveau marin par GNSS /// Towards a better use of coastal altimetry : contributions of hydrodynamic modelling and new GNSS techniques.
Abstract: La mesure du niveau de la mer par satellite a atteint un niveau sans précédent en termes de précision et de couverture spatio-temporelle. Ces observations nous ont permis d'améliorer notre compréhension de la dynamique à grande échelle des océans, mais leur exploitation reste un défi à l’approche de la côte, où les incertitudes liées à la marée océanique et aux fines échelles du géoïde sont plus importantes. L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer de nouvelles méthodologies s’appuyant sur les mesures mobiles du niveau de la mer par GNSS et la modélisation hydrodynamique afin de mieux exploiter les mesures altimétriques côtière et de préparer l’arrivée des futures missions. Lors d’une campagne menée avec le drone marin PAMELi en Juillet 2020 dans les Pertuis Charentais, une cartographie du niveau marin est réalisée le long d’un itinéraire préprogrammé. Cette cartographie est exploitée afin d’évaluer un modèle de marée sous une trace altimétrique, et démontrer le potentiel d’un drone pour étendre spatialement nos capacités de validation. Par la suite, on estime les pentes de géoïde dans la zone à partir du même jeu de données, en combinant mesures in-situ et modèle hydrodynamique. On montre que la modélisation des gradients de topographie dynamique permet d’améliorer la précision de la cartographie des pentes de géoïde. Ces deux études exploitent une méthodologie basée sur les différences aux points de croisement, et offrent des perspectives sur l'utilisation des drones marins dans le contexte de la future mission SWOT. Enfin, on présente une méthode de prédiction du trait de côte basée sur l’utilisation d’un MNT et du modèle hydrodynamique, appliquée aux passage Sentinel-3A afin d’évaluer l’impact des bancs découvrant sur la mesure altimétrique. Dans leur ensemble, ces travaux constituent un socle méthodologique qui permettra de mieux comprendre et utiliser les mesures altimétriques dans les environnements côtiers, et préparer l’arrivée de la future mission SWOT.
Keywords: Altimétrie côtière Coastal altimetry Drone marin Drones -- Mer GNSS Hydrodynamic modelling Littoraux -- France Localisation par satellites, Systèmes de Marine drone Mer -- Niveau -- Mesure Modélisation hydrodynamique
Programme: 688
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Ungar, P.S., Van Valkenburgh, B., Peterson, A.S., Sokolov, A.A., Sokolova, N.A., Ehrich, D., Fufachev, I.A., Gilg, O., Terekhina, A., Volkovitskiy, A. & Shtro, V. (2022). Dental ecology reflects diet in arctic foxes.
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