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Author |
Laure-Anne Valfré |
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Title |
Etude des stratégies de vie d’espèces de macrophytes de l’archipel des Iles Kerguelen |
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Master 1 |
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2022 |
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Master 1 Bee, université Lyon 1 (encadrement : A.-K. Bittebiere) |
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136 |
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yes |
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8350 |
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Author |
Lavrillier A. |
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Title |
Les peuples de l’Arctique au défi du changement permanent |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
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Pour la science, Hors série “Notre avenir se joue aux pôles. Climat, biodiversité, niveau des mers...” |
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117 |
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104-111 |
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Aux hautes latitudes, s’adapter a toujours été une nécessité pour les populations autochtones. Mais le changement climatique pousse de plus en plus souvent leurs capacités à l’extrême. |
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1127 |
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yes |
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8688 |
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Author |
Lavrillier, A., L. Egorova, S. Gabyshev |
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Title |
Der Klimawandel aus Sicht der Wissenschaft der sibirischen indigenen Bevölkerung (Evenken) |
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Journal |
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2022 |
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In E. Kasten Mensch und Natur in Sibirien: Umweltw |
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Fürstenberg/Havel: Kulturstiftung Sibirien |
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121-161 |
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a chapter in a peer-reviewed edited volume volume |
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1127 |
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978-3-942883-74-0 |
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yes |
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8518 |
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Lavrillier, A., L. Egorova, S. Gabyshev |
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Title |
Izmeneniye klimata s tochki zreniya nauki korennykh narodov Sibiri (evenkov) [Climate change from the point of view of science of the indigenous peoples of Siberia (Evenks)] |
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2022 |
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In E. Kasten Chelovek i priroda v Sibiri: Ekologic |
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Fürstenberg/Havel: Kulturstiftung Sibirien |
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121-161 |
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Chapter peer-reviewed edited volumes |
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1127 |
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978-3-942883-75-7 |
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yes |
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8522 |
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Author |
Leo Uesaka, Yusuke Goto, Yoshinari Yonehara, Kosei Komatsu, Masaru Naruoka, Henri Weimerskirch, Katsufumi Sato, Kentaro Q. Sakamoto |
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Ocean wave observation utilizing motion records of seabirds |
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Journal |
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2022 |
Publication |
Progress in Oceanography |
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200 |
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102713 |
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Biologging GPS Indian Ocean Ocean observation Ocean waves Seabird |
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Various environmental oceanic factors, such as ocean waves, affect seabird ecology; ocean waves are important, as most flying seabirds must land on ocean surfaces for foraging. However, the global ocean wave observation network is spatiotemporally poor compared to other parameters; fine-scale information on wave conditions is limited, and the influence of wave conditions on seabirds has not been quantitatively studied. In this study, a method was developed to estimate ocean waves from the fine-scale motions of seabirds floating on the sea surface, as recorded by a global positioning system (single-point positioning). Ocean wave parameters, estimated from streaked shearwater around the eastern ocean of Japan, strongly corresponded with the observation results of a buoy, with an accuracy of <0.3 m for wave heights of 1.0–2.5 m. Furthermore, wave height estimated from streaked shearwaters and wandering albatrosses around the southern Indian Ocean significantly correlated with hindcast-model values. Bird-based wave observation methods are valuable not only in seabird ecology but also in oceanography as an in-situ observation system. Based on the results of bird-based wave observations, the preferences of wandering albatrosses under various wave conditions were further examined. Anecdotal studies suggest that seabirds prefer low-wave conditions to forage in because of prey visibility; however, wandering albatrosses landed on the sea surface randomly, even on very high waves (5–6 m), revealing their tolerance to ocean surface conditions. Considering the effect of environmental factors on marine animals, increased inclusion of previously ignored parameters in analysis, such as ocean waves, is essential. |
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109 |
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0079-6611 |
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yes |
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8395 |
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Lewden, A, Ward, C, Avril, S, Abolivier, L, Gérard, C, Hammer, Tl, Robin, J-p, Viblanc, Va, Bize, P, And Stier, A. |
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Surface temperatures are influenced by handling stress independently of glucocorticoid levels in wild king penguins. |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2022 |
Publication |
18émes journées scientifiques du CNFRA, 11-12 mai 2022, Toulouse, France |
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119 |
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yes |
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8477 |
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Author |
Lorène Julia Marchand, Françoise Hennion, Michèle Tarayre, Marie-Claire Martin, Benoit Renaud Martins, Cécile Monard |
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Title |
Fellfields of the Kerguelen Islands harbour specific soil microbiomes and rhizomicrobiomes of an endemic plant facing necrosis |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Soil Science |
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2 |
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Polar regions are characterized by rocky terrains with sparse vegetation and oligotrophic soils, i.e. “fellfields”. In such ecosystems, microbial communities should be essential for soil-plant functioning but their diversity is poorly explored. The sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands fellfields are characterized by an endemic long-lived cushion plant, Lyallia kerguelensis which rhizosphere may be a shelter for microbes in this harsh environment. Cushions are affected by necrosis and we expect the rhizomicrobiome composition to be related to plant necrosis. We analysed bacterial and fungal communities in bulk- and rhizospheric soils from L. kerguelensis in five different fellfields across the Kerguelen Islands using 16S rRNA and ITS1 metabarcoding. We found that soil microbial communities were composed of both restricted and cosmopolitan taxa. While all sites were dominated by the same bacterial taxa (Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, α-Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria), the relative abundance of the main fungal phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota and Rozellomycota) highly differed between sites. L. kerguelensis rhizomicrobiome was at least as diverse as the bulk soil, making the rhizosphere a possible reservoir of microbial diversity. It was composed of the same main bacterial phyla than detected in the bulk soil while the composition of the rhizosphere fungal communities was specific to each plant. No common microorganisms were identified regarding cushion necrosis extent across plants and sites, but several microbial putative functions were shared, suggesting a possible shift in soil functioning with cushion necrosis increase. Our study brings new information on the diversity and composition of the microbial communities of fellfield soils in a sub-Antarctic Island and the rhizomicrobiome of a characteristic endemic cushion plant. |
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1116 |
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2673-8619 |
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yes |
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8492 |
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Author |
Lucas Sawade, Stephen Beller, Wenjie Lei, Jeroen Tromp |
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Title |
Global centroid moment tensor solutions in a heterogeneous earth: the CMT3D catalogue |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Geophysical Journal International |
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231 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1727-1738 |
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For over 40 yr, the global centroid-moment tensor (GCMT) project has determined location and source parameters for globally recorded earthquakes larger than magnitude 5.0. The GCMT database remains a trusted staple for the geophysical community. Its point-source moment-tensor solutions are the result of inversions that model long-period observed seismic waveforms via normal-mode summation for a 1-D reference earth model, augmented by path corrections to capture 3-D variations in surface wave phase speeds, and to account for crustal structure. While this methodology remains essentially unchanged for the ongoing GCMT catalogue, source inversions based on waveform modelling in low-resolution 3-D earth models have revealed small but persistent biases in the standard modelling approach. Keeping pace with the increased capacity and demands of global tomography requires a revised catalogue of centroid-moment tensors (CMT), automatically and reproducibly computed using Green's functions from a state-of-the-art 3-D earth model. In this paper, we modify the current procedure for the full-waveform inversion of seismic traces for the six moment-tensor parameters, centroid latitude, longitude, depth and centroid time of global earthquakes. We take the GCMT solutions as a point of departure but update them to account for the effects of a heterogeneous earth, using the global 3-D wave speed model GLAD-M25. We generate synthetic seismograms from Green's functions computed by the spectral-element method in the 3-D model, select observed seismic data and remove their instrument response, process synthetic and observed data, select segments of observed and synthetic data based on similarity, and invert for new model parameters of the earthquake’s centroid location, time and moment tensor. The events in our new, preliminary database containing 9382 global event solutions, called CMT3D for ‘3-D centroid-moment tensors’, are on average 4 km shallower, about 1 s earlier, about 5 per cent larger in scalar moment, and more double-couple in nature than in the GCMT catalogue. We discuss in detail the geographical and statistical distributions of the updated solutions, and place them in the context of earlier work. We plan to disseminate our CMT3D solutions via the online ShakeMovie platform. |
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133 |
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0956-540X |
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yes |
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8573 |
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Author |
Lvaro L. Pea Cantero |
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Title |
On a few benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Kerguelen Islands (southern Indian Ocean), including the description of a new species |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Zootaxa |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5165 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
274-286 |
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Keywords |
Animal Distribution Animals Hydrozoa Indian Ocean Islands |
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A few samples of benthic hydroids from the remote Kerguelen Islands have been studied. The material was collected within the French research program ProteKer in 2013 and 2014. Six species were found in the material, four anthoathecates and two leptothecates; two of the species were identified only to genus level. All species, including Candelabrum bitentaculatum sp. nov., are described and discussed. |
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1044 |
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1175-5334 |
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yes |
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8579 |
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Author |
Maria I. Laranjeiro, Marc Farré, Richard A. Phillips, Petra Quillfeldt, Francesco Bonadonna, Charlene Gémard, Maximiliano Daigre, Cristián G. Suazo, Christophe Barbraud, Joan Navarro |
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Title |
Variation among species and populations in bill shape and size in three planktivorous petrels |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Marine Biology |
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Volume |
169 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
24 |
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Keywords |
Bill morphology Character displacement Ecological segregation Geometric morphometrics Niche differentiation Seabirds |
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Abstract |
Morphological variation in biological structures may be driven by genetic and environmental factors, such as inter- and intraspecific competition for resources. In seabirds, although the bill is also involved in vocalization, olfaction, sexual selection and defence, the main drivers of high morphological plasticity in bill size and shape appear to relate primarily to diet and thus to niche differentiation. Here, we combined geometric morphometrics and comparisons of linear measurements as a precise tool for measuring shape variation in anatomical features, to investigate the differences among species and populations (island groups) in bill shape of three planktivorous petrels (Antarctic prion Pachyptila desolata, blue petrel Halobaena caerulea and thin-billed prion Pachyptila belcheri). Fieldwork was carried out in South Georgia (54° 0′ S, 38° 3′ W), Falkland (51° 42′ S, 57° 51′ W), Diego Ramírez (56° 31′ S, 68° 44′ W) and Kerguelen (49° 20′ S, 69° 20′ E) Islands, from 2010 to 2021. Results show that the bills of Antarctic prions were more robust and shorter, appropriate for filtering large amounts of small prey. Blue petrels and thin-billed prions had narrower and longer bills, effective for catching and tearing large single prey. Also, Antarctic prions and blue petrels from Kerguelen had longer and narrower bills than conspecifics from other colonies, which could potentially be explained by geographic variation in diet. In conclusion, prey availability and diversity appear to be important factors influencing variation in bill morphology. This study highlights the utility of geometric morphometrics for investigating bill shape variation in seabirds. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better understand selective pressures leading to morphological variation of biological structures. |
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354 |
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ISSN |
1432-1793 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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8414 |
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