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Title |
Images of the East African Rift System by Global Adaptive-Resolution Surface-Wave Tomography |
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Year  |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
127 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
e2021JB023570 |
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Keywords |
East African Rift System surface-wave velocity model |
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Abstract |
In this study we map the entire East African Rift System (EARS) within a global surface-wave velocity model to better constrain the structure of the underlying mantle, as well as patterns that might be associated with its continuation in the Mozambique Channel. We use all publicly available seismograms from the African continent, amounting to 1296 stations and more than 30 years of recordings. From these data, we obtain dispersion curves using both ambient noise and teleseismic earthquakes. To our measurements, we add global counterparts and jointly invert them for phase-velocity maps. We exploit a linearized inversion based on the ray theory, with an adaptive parameterization that allows for maximizing the resolution of the final maps based on the density of data coverage. We thus image the main African cratons and also some of the Archean blocks within them. We highlight the discontinuous nature of magmatic activity along the EARS and also display low-velocity anomalies beneath the Comores Archipelago, Madagascar and Bassas da India volcanic islands and seamounts. This last low-velocity anomaly is in the direct continuation of the EARS and could unveil an important magmatic system in the Mozambique Channel. |
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133 |
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2169-9356 |
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yes |
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8574 |
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Title |
Autonomous Optical Sensor to Study the Evolution of Snow Density in Polar Environment |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Technical digest series |
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Volume |
Proceedings of Imaging and Applied Optics Congress |
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A system to study the evolution of snow density is presented here with an emphasis on the system itself and on the efforts to make a robust system for harsh environments. The metric to deduce the density of the snow is the measurement of the concentration of ambient air oxygen using a tunable diode laser spectroscopy technique: the first harmonic phase angle wavelength modulation spectroscopy. For greater robustness, the system is equipped with an embedded calibration system and is built for a smart power consumption. |
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1042 |
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yes |
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8748 |
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Author |
Fernando Arce, Mark A. Hindell, Clive R. McMahon, Simon J. Wotherspoon, Christophe Guinet, Robert G. Harcourt, Sophie Bestley |
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Title |
Elephant seal foraging success is enhanced in Antarctic coastal polynyas |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Volume |
289 |
Issue |
1967 |
Pages |
20212452 |
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Keywords |
body condition drift rates foraging behaviour Mirounga leonina post-polynyas Southern Ocean |
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Abstract |
Antarctic polynyas are persistent open water areas which enable early and large seasonal phytoplankton blooms. This high primary productivity, boosted by iron supply from coastal glaciers, attracts organisms from all trophic levels to form a rich and diverse community. How the ecological benefit of polynya productivity is translated to the highest trophic levels remains poorly resolved. We studied 119 southern elephant seals feeding over the Antarctic shelf and demonstrated that: (i) 96% of seals foraging here used polynyas, with individuals spending on average 62% of their time there; (ii) the seals exhibited more area-restricted search behaviour when in polynyas; and (iii) these seals gained more energy (indicated by increased buoyancy from greater fat stores) when inside polynyas. This higher-quality foraging existed even when ice was not present in the study area, indicating that these are important and predictable foraging grounds year-round. Despite these energetic advantages from using polynyas, not all the seals used them extensively. Factors other than food supply may influence an individual's choice in their use of feeding grounds, such as exposure to predation or the probability of being able to return to distant sub-Antarctic breeding sites. |
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109,1201 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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yes |
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Serial |
7983 |
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Title |
Shedding Light on a Dark Lake: How the Sun Transforms the Chemistry of Lakes |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2022 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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1042 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8694 |
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Title |
Identification de composés organiques volatils issus de la photochimie de la matière organique dans les lacs nordiques |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2022 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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1042 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8749 |
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Author |
Fionnuala R. McCully, Henri Weimerskirch, Stephen J. Cornell, Ben J. Hatchwell, Milena Cairo, Samantha C. Patrick |
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Title |
Partner intrinsic characteristics influence foraging trip duration, but not coordination of care in wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
e9621 |
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Keywords |
albatrosses behavioral coordination foraging bout nest attendance parental care personality seabirds |
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Abstract |
Long-lived monogamous species gain long-term fitness benefits by equalizing effort during biparental care. For example, many seabird species coordinate care by matching foraging trip durations within pairs. Age affects coordination in some seabird species; however, the impact of other intrinsic traits, including personality, on potential intraspecific variation in coordination strength is less well understood. The impacts of pair members' intrinsic traits on trip duration and coordination strength were investigated using data from saltwater immersion loggers deployed on 71 pairs of wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans. These were modeled against pair members' age, boldness, and their partner's previous trip duration. At the population level, the birds exhibited some coordination of parental care that was of equal strength during incubation and chick-brooding. However, there was low variation in coordination between pairs and coordination strength was unaffected by the birds' boldness or age in either breeding stage. Surprisingly, during incubation, foraging trip duration was mainly driven by partner traits, as birds which were paired to older and bolder partners took shorter trips. During chick-brooding, shorter foraging trips were associated with greater boldness in focal birds and their partners, but age had no effect. These results suggest that an individual's assessment of their partner's capacity or willingness to provide care may be a major driver of trip duration, thereby highlighting the importance of accounting for pair behavior when studying parental care strategies. |
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109 |
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2045-7758 |
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yes |
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8582 |
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Title |
Permafrost cooled in winter by thermal bridging through snow-covered shrub branches |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Nature Geoscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
554-560 |
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Keywords |
Climate change Climate sciences Climate-change impacts Cryospheric science |
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1042 |
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1752-0908 |
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yes |
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8398 |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
127 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e2021JD035349 |
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Keywords |
aerosol Antarctica lidar PSC pyrocumunolimbus stratosphere |
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209 |
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2169-8996 |
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yes |
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8314 |
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Title |
Coordinated and Interoperable Seismological Data and Product Services in Europe: the EPOS Thematic Core Service for Seismology |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Annals of Geophysics |
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Volume |
65 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
DM213-DM213 |
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Abstract |
In this article we describe EPOS Seismology, the Thematic Core Service consortium for the seismology domain within the European Plate Observing System infrastructure. EPOS Seismology was developed alongside the build-up of EPOS during the last decade, in close collaboration between the existing pan-European seismological initiatives ORFEUS (Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology), EMSC (Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Center) and EFEHR (European Facilities for Earthquake Hazard and Risk) and their respective communities. It provides on one hand a governance framework that allows a well-coordinated interaction of the seismological community services with EPOS and its bodies, and on the other hand it strengthens the coordination among the already existing seismological initiatives with regard to data, products and service provisioning and further development. Within the EPOS Delivery Framework, ORFEUS, EMSC and EFEHR provide a wide range of services that allow open access to a vast amount of seismological data and products, following and implementing the FAIR principles and supporting open science. Services include access to raw seismic waveforms of thousands of stations together with relevant station and data quality information, parametric earthquake information of recent and historical earthquakes together with advanced event-specific products like moment tensors or source models and further ancillary services, and comprehensive seismic hazard and risk information, covering latest European scale models and their underlying data. The services continue to be available on the well-established domain-specific platforms and websites, and are also consecutively integrated with the interoperable central EPOS data infrastructure. EPOS Seismology and its participating organizations provide a consistent framework for the future development of these services and their operation as EPOS services, closely coordinated also with other international seismological initiatives, and is well set to represent the European seismological research infrastructures and their stakeholders within EPOS. |
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2037-416X |
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8336 |
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Author |
Frapin, C., Albouy, C., Christin, S., Fauteux, D., Angerbjörn, A., Gilg, O. & Lecomte, N. |
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Title |
Modeling the seasonal Arctic terrestrial trophic network |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2022 |
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1036 |
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yes |
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8659 |
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