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Baboukas E., Sciare J. & Mihalopoulos N. (2004). Spatial, Temporal and Interannual variability of methanesulfonate and non-sea-salt sulfate in rainwater in the southern Indian Ocean (Amsterdam, Crozet and Kerguelen Islands). Journal of atmospheric chemistry, 48, 35–37.
Abstract: Methanesulfonate (MS-) and non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO42-), two of the major oxidation products of atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMS), have been continuously measured in rainwater at three remote islands in the Southern Indian Ocean: Amsterdam since 1991, Crozet since 1992, and Kerguelen since 1993. The annual volume weighted mean (VWM) concentrations of nss-SO42- in rainwater were 3.19, 3.04 and 4.57 µeq l-1 at Amsterdam, Crozet, and Kerguelen, respectively while the VWM of MS- were 0.24, 0.15 and 0.30 µeq l-1, respectively. At all three islands, MS- presented a well-distinguished seasonal variation with a maximum during summer whereas the seasonal variation of nss-SO42- was less pronounced, possibly due to the increased anthropogenic influence during the winter period. Furthermore, MS- presented significant interannual variations, in particular at Amsterdam and Crozet, which is closely related to the sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Finally, the nss-SO42- deposition at Crozet Island presented a decreasing interannual trend, reflecting probably reductions in sulfur emissions from Southern Africa. On the contrary no interannual tendency was observed in the nss-SO42- concentrations at Amsterdam Island, indicating that the biogeochemical sulfur cycle at this area is mainly influenced by biogenic emissions.
Programme: 414;415
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RICAUD Philippe, GABARD Benjamin, DERRIEN Sol, CHABOUREAU Jean-Pierre, ROSE Thomas, MOMBAUER Andreas, CZEKALA Harald,. (2010). HAMSTRAD-Tropo, A 183-GHz Radiometer Dedicated to Sound Tropospheric Water Vapor Over Concordia Station, Antarctica. IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, 48(3), 16.
Abstract: The H[2]O Antarctica Microwave Stratospheric and Tropospheric Radiometers (HAMSTRAD) program aims to develop two ground-based microwave radiometers to sound tropospheric and stratospheric water vapor (H[2]O) above Dome C (Concordia Station), Antarctica (75°06'S, 123°21'E, 3233 m asml), an extremely cold and dry environment, over decades. By using state-of-the-art technology, the HAMSTRAD-Tropo radiometer uses spectral information in the domains 51-59 GHz (oxygen line) and 169-197 GHz (water vapor line) to derive accurate tropospheric profiles of temperature (with accuracy ranging from 1 to 2 K) and low absolute humidity (with accuracy ranging from 0.02 to 0.05 g · m[-3]), together with integrated water vapor (with accuracy of about 0.008 kg · m[-2]) and liquid water path. Prior to its installation at Dome C in January 2009, the fully automated radiometer has been deployed at the Pic du Midi (PdM, 42°56'N, 0°08'E, 2877 m asml, France) in February 2008 and was in operation for five months. Preliminary comparisons with radio soundings particularly launched in the vicinity of PdM in February 2008 and the outputs from the mesoscale MESO-NH model show a great consistency to within 0.2-0.3 g · m[-3] between all absolute humidity data sets whatever the atmosphere considered (extremely dry or wet).
Keywords: Atmospheric measurements, humidity measurement, microwave measurements, microwave radiometry, Europe, Europe, Western Europe, Europe Ouest, polar regions, R, France, France, Antarctica, Antarctique, radiometry, Radiom, atmosphere, Atmosph, models, Mod, sounding, Sondage, humidity, Humidit, accuracy, Pr, temperature, Temp, oxygen, Oxyg, technology, Technologie, domes, Dome, programs, Programme, microwaves, Hyperfr, water vapor, Vapeur eau,
Programme: 910
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Ricaud, P. Gabard, B. Derrien, S. Attie, J.-L. Rose, T. Czekala, H. (2010). Validation of tropospheric water vapor as measured by the 183-GHz HAMSTRAD Radiometer over the Pyrenees Mountains, France. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society, 48(5), 2189–2203.
Abstract: The H2O Antarctica Microwave Stratospheric and Tropospheric Radiometers (HAMSTRAD) 183-GHz radiometer has been developed to measure vertical profiles of tropospheric water vapor above Dome C (Concordia station), Antarctica ( 75?06'S, 123?21'E, 3233 m asml), which is an extremely cold and dry environment, over decades. Prior to its installation at Dome C in January 2009, the instrument was deployed at the Pic du Midi (PdM) station ( 42?56'N, 0?08'E, 2877 m asml) in the Pyrenees Mountains, France, over the period covering February-June 2008. Vertical profiles of absolute humidity and integrated water vapor (IWV) as measured by HAMSTRAD were compared with measurements from radiosondes launched in three different sites: Lannemezan (43?07'N, 0?23'E, 610 m asml), France (~30 km northeast from PdM), Bordeaux-Me?rignac Airport (44?49'N, 0?42'W, 50 m asml), France ( ~ 220 km northwest from PdM), and Zaragoza (41?39'N, 0?53'W, 263 m asml), Spain ( ~170 km southwest from PdM). The validation process also used the vertical profiles of tropospheric H2O as measured by the nadir-viewing infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI) instrument aboard the MetOp-A space platform. The temporal evolution of the HAMSTRAD H2O measurements above the PdM station is very consistent with IASI, sonde, and in situ measurements, tracking the same atmosphere from a dry period in February to a wet period in June. HAMSTRAD showed unrealistic values in periods of well-established snow tempest. While the sensitivity of the HAMSTRAD measurements tends to be degraded 6 km above the altitude of the instrument, namely, above 8877 m asml, the HAMSTRAD measurements seem reasonable at the uppermost retrieval level (namely, 10 km, 12 877 m asml). In May, the wet periods are systematically showing a good agreement between sonde and HAMSTRAD IWV fields and H2O below 6777 m asml but a dry bias of IASI by more than 4-kg m-2 IWV, where- – as outside of these periods, the three data sets behave consistently. Since the best results (mean, standard deviation, bias, and correlation) are obtained when the HAMSTRAD radiometer operates in the very dry conditions of February, namely, in dryness conditions comparable to Dome C summertime values, we are very confident in the optimal use of the instrument when deployed in Antarctica.
Programme: 910
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Poulin E. & Feral J.P. (1997). Why the difference in species numbers of coastal echinoids in two trophic groups at Terre Adélie (Antarctica): funcional or historical diversity? (Vol. 47).
Abstract: Actes du colloque Résultats/Prospectives du réseau Diversité Marine Biodiversity
Programme: 195
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Feral J.P. & Boucher G. (1997). Biodiversity in dispersive environments. Vie et milieu, 47(4), 273–406.
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Anklin M., Barnola J.M., Schwander J., Stauffer B. & Raynaud D. (1995). Processes affecting the CO2 concentrations measured in Grennland ice. Tellus series b-chemical and physical meteorology, 47(4), 448–461.
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Provost C., Genco M.L. & Lyard F L.E. (1995). Modeling and predicting tides over the World Ocean. QUANTITATIVE SKILL ASSESSMENT FOR COASTAL OCEAN MODELS, COASTAL AND ESTUARINE STUDIES, 47, 175–201.
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Alix C. (2005). Deciphering the impact of change on the driftwood cycle : contribution to the study of human use of wood in the Arctic. Global and planetary change, 47(2-4), 83–98.
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Chastel O., Lacroix A., Weimerskirch H. & Gabrielsen G.W. (2005). Modulation of prolactin but not corticosterone responses to stress in relation to parental effort in a long-lived bird. Hormones and behavior, 47, 459–466.
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Stenni B., Serra F., Frezzotti M., Maggi V., Traversi R., Becagli S. & Udisti R. (2000). Snow accumulation rates in Northern Victoria Land (Antactica) by firn core analysis. Journal of glaciology, 46(155), 541–552.
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