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Title |
Towards ASTEP+, a two-color photometric telescope at Dome C, Antarctica |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2020 |
Publication |
Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII |
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11447 |
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114470O |
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Abstract |
Dome C, Antarctica is unique in particular for long-duration astronomical observations due to the excellent weather conditions and nearly uninterrupted nights during the Southern winter period. The 40 cm telescope ASTEP has been operating successfully at the Concordia base, at Dome C, since 2010. We describe the new ASTEP+, a major upgrade of its camera box which will allow it to observe simultaneously in two colors. Approximately three times more photons will be collected for science, yielding more sensitive and accurate observations. The southern location of the telescope means that it is ideally located to follow-up exoplanetary targets in preparation for the future JWST and Ariel observations, in particular when located in the southern continuous viewing zones of these space-based telescopes. |
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1066 |
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yes |
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7803 |
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Author |
Christophe Barbraud, Adrien Chaigne, Maxime Loubon, Olivier Lamy, Fabrice Le Bouard |
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Title |
An estimate of the South Georgia diving petrel Pelecanoides georgicus population at Ile de la Possession, Crozet archipelago |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Antarctic Science |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
248-254 |
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Keywords |
acoustic playback burrowing petrel detection probability distance sampling Procellariiformes |
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109 |
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0954-1020, 1365-2079 |
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yes |
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7571 |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Annales de geographie |
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732 |
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2 |
Pages |
31-52 |
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136 |
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0003-4010 |
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yes |
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6947 |
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Title |
Holocene dust in East Antarctica: Provenance and variability in time and space |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
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Volume |
30 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
546-558 |
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Keywords |
East Antarctica ice cores dust dust stratigraphy Holocene provenance |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-knowledge of dust flux and variability in time and space in different sectors of East Antarctica during the Holocene. By integrating the literature data with new evidences, we discuss the dust flux and grain-size variability during the current interglacial and its provenance in the innermost part of the East Antarctic plateau as well as in peripheral regions located close to the Transantarctic Mountains. The local importance of aeolian mineral dust aerosol deflated from low-elevation areas of peripheral East Antarctica is also discussed in the light of new data from several coastal, low-elevation sites. |
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1145 |
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ISSN |
0959-6836 |
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yes |
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7610 |
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Title |
Are gastrointestinal parasites associated with the cyclic population dynamics of their arctic lemming hosts? |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife |
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10 |
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6-12 |
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Keywords |
Cestodes Eimerians Faecal prevalence Greenland Population dynamics Rodent-parasites interactions |
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Many rodents, including most populations of arctic lemmings (genus Dicrostonyx and Lemmus), have cyclic population dynamics. Among the numerous hypotheses which have been proposed and tested to explain this typical characteristic of some terrestrial vertebrate communities, trophic interactions have often been presented as the most likely drivers of these periodic fluctuations. The possible role of parasites has, however, only seldom been assessed. In this study, we genetically measured the prevalence of two endoparasite taxa, eimerians and cestodes, in 372 faecal samples from collared lemmings, over a five year period and across three distant sites in Northeast Greenland. Prevalence of cestodes was low (2.7% over all sites and years) and this taxon was only found at one site (although in 4 out of 5 years) in adult hosts. By contrast, we found high prevalence for eimerians (77.7% over all sites and years), which occurred at all sites, in every year, for both age classes (at the Hochstetter Forland site where both adult and juvenile faeces were collected) and regardless of reproductive and social status inferred from the characteristics of the lemming nests where the samples had been collected. Prevalence of eimerians significantly varied among years (not among sites) and was higher for juvenile than for adult lemmings at the Hochstetter Forland site. However, higher prevalence of eimerians (Pt) was only associated with lower lemming density (Nt) at one of the three sites and we found no delayed density dependence between Nt and Pt+1 to support the parasite hypothesis. Our results show that there is no clear relation between lemming density and eimerian faecal prevalence in Northeast Greenland and hence no evidence that eimerians could be driving the cyclic population dynamics of collared lemmings in this region. |
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1036 |
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ISSN |
2213-2244 |
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2213-2244 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7616 |
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Title |
Contaminants, prolactin and parental care in an Arctic seabird: Contrasted associations of perfluoroalkyl substances and organochlorine compounds with egg-turning behavior |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
General and comparative endocrinology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
291 |
Issue |
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Pages |
113420 |
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Keywords |
Black-legged kittiwake Corticosterone Egg-loggers Incubation behaviors Mercury Organochlorine compounds Perfluoroalkyl substances Prolactin |
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Abstract |
Incubating eggs represents a trade-off for parent birds between spending enough time fasting to take care of the clutch and to get enough nutrients for self-maintenance. It is believed that the pituitary hormone prolactin plays an important role in such allocation processes. Incubation does not solely imply the active warming of the eggs but also the active egg-turning to facilitate absorption of albumen by the embryo, reduce malposition and prevent the embryo from adhering to the inner shell membrane. However, how prolactin secretion is related to egg-turning behaviors is presently poorly addressed. In addition, several environmental contaminants can affect parental care behaviors through their endocrine disrupting properties but the effects of such contaminants on egg-turning behaviors remain so far unexplored. Using artificial eggs equipped with miniaturized data loggers, we investigated the relationships between egg-turning behaviors, prolactin secretion and contaminants burden in Arctic black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). Specifically, we examined the relationships between blood concentrations of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), organochlorines (OCs), mercury (Hg), plasma prolactin levels and both egg-turning frequency and angular change. We also incorporated baseline corticosterone levels since this glucocorticoid is known to affect parental care. Plasma prolactin levels were positively related to angular change in female kittiwakes while corticosterone was not related to egg-turning behaviors in either sex. Hg was not related to egg-turning behaviors in either sex. We found contrasting associations between OCs and PFASs, since polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were negatively associated with angular change in females, contrary to linear perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOSlin) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) which were positively related to egg-turning frequency and angular change in both sexes. Additionally, PFASs concentrations were positively related to prolactin levels in female kittiwake. The possible stimulation of prolactin secretion by PFASs could therefore make adult kittiwakes to allocate more time taking care of their eggs, and thus possibly modify the trade-off between spending enough time caring for the clutch and obtaining enough nutrients at sea. |
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330 |
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0016-6480 |
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0016-6480 |
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yes |
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7628 |
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Title |
Circumpolar status of Arctic ptarmigan: Population dynamics and trends |
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2020 |
Publication |
Ambio |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
749-761 |
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1036 |
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1654-7209 |
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1654-7209 |
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yes |
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7630 |
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Title |
Personality predicts foraging site fidelity and trip repeatability in a marine predator |
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2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Ecology |
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Volume |
89 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
68-79 |
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Keywords |
biologging boldness foraging niche width foraging specialization marine vertebrate movement ecology personality site fidelity |
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Abstract |
Animal populations are often comprised of both foraging specialists and generalists. For instance, some individuals show higher foraging site fidelity (spatial specialization) than others. Such individual differences in degree of specialization can persist over time-scales of months or even years in long-lived animals, but the mechanisms leading to these different individual strategies are not fully understood. There is accumulating evidence that individual variation in foraging behaviour is shaped by animal personality traits, such as boldness. Despite this, the potential for boldness to drive differences in the degree of specialization is unknown. In this study, we used novel object tests to measure boldness in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) breeding at four colonies in Svalbard and deployed GPS loggers to examine their at-sea foraging behaviour. We estimated the repeatability of foraging trips and used a hidden Markov model to identify locations of foraging sites in order to quantify individual foraging site fidelity. Across the breeding season, bolder birds were more repeatable than shy individuals in the distance and range of their foraging trips, and during the incubation period (but not chick rearing), bolder individuals were more site-faithful. Birds exhibited these differences while showing high spatial similarity in foraging areas, indicating that site selection was not driven by personality-dependent spatial partitioning. We instead suggest that a relationship between boldness and site fidelity may be driven by differences in behavioural flexibility between bold and shy individuals. Together, these results provide a potential mechanism by which widely reported individual differences in foraging specialization may emerge. |
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330 |
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ISSN |
1365-2656 |
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1365-2656 |
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yes |
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7633 |
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Title |
Interannual variability of summer surface mass balance and surface melting in the Amundsen sector, West Antarctica |
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Journal |
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2020 |
Publication |
The Cryosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
229-249 |
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411 |
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1994-0416 |
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yes |
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7640 |
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Author |
Marine Duc |
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Journal |
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2020 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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2020/1-2 |
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1213 |
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0755-7809 |
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yes |
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7641 |
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