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Author |
Vare L L, Masse G, Belt S T, |
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Title |
A biomarker-based reconstruction of sea ice conditions for the Barents Sea in recent centuries
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
637 -643 |
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Abstract |
Variations in sea ice occurrence for the Barents Sea since c. AD 1700 have been determined by analysis of the abundance of the sea ice biomarker IP25 in three marine sediment box cores obtained from locations in the north, southeast and southwest parts of the region. Depth/age models for each core were established using excess 210Pb activity profiles. Comparisons between these depth/age models with those reported previously for the Barents Sea, suggest that the proxy sea ice record may, alternatively, extend back to c. AD 1500--1600. Sedimentation accumulation rates and bulk densities were combined with IP 25 concentrations, resulting in temporal changes to IP25 fluxes, which have been interpreted in terms of sea ice variability. The IP25 sea ice proxy data are also compared with other bulk organic geochemical parameters (total organic carbon and C/N ratios) and with sediment particle size distributions. The data indicate ice-free conditions for the southwest Barents Sea for the past c. 300 yr, consistent with previous reports based on historical sea ice records. In contrast, the combined proxy data from the southeast and north Barents Sea suggest variable spring sea ice occurrence on a c. 10--50 yr timescale, with reduced sea ice over the last c. 40--100 yr. In the early record, an enhanced sea ice occurrence is observed for the southeast Barents Sea during the mid--late nineteenth century, but as early as c. AD 1780 for the northern region. The outcomes of this study are broadly consistent with those obtained from ice edge position determinations derived previously from observational records. The study also demonstrates the potential of using IP25 as a sea ice proxy for longer-term palaeo sea ice determinations (e.g. the Holocene) for the Barents Sea.
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452 |
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0959-6836 |
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1969 |
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Author |
Andrews JT, Belt ST, Olafsdottir S, Masse G, Vare LL, |
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Title |
Sea ice and marine climate variability for NW Iceland/Denmark Strait over the last 2000 cal. yr BP
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
775 -784 |
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Abstract |
MD99-2263 is a 46 cm box core collected from Djupall, a trough that cuts across the NW Iceland Shelf and ends above Denmark Strait. We provide a multiproxy record that documents changes in the regional marine climate over the last ~1700 yr. The depth/age model is based on seven calibrated radiocarbon dates on mollusk shells and on 210Pb and 137Cs. Sediment accumulation rates were variable (0.2--0.8 mm/yr) but increased dramatically ~AD 1500. Grain-size, magnetic properties, quantitative mineral composition of the <2 mm sediment fraction, benthic foraminiferal composition, benthic and planktic {Delta}18O ratios, and abundances/fluxes of the sea ice biomarker IP25 were determined. To better compare the various proxies, 12 of the critical climate proxies were co-ordinated into 100-yr/sample time series, which were examined by Principal Component Analysis. The 1st axis explained 49% of the variance and the 2nd axis explained an additional 17%. The variables most strongly associated with the 1st axis were sediment properties (phi mean, clay%) and the sea ice biomarker. Mineralogical indicators of drift ice rafting, such as the presence of quartz and potassium- and sodium-feldspars, coincide with the IP25 biomarker data and show an increase after AD 1200, but high values of quartz and some feldspars also occurred between c. AD 300 and 900 with pronounced minima between AD 900 and 1100. Overall, our data suggest a simple two-fold division in climate conditions over the last 1700 yr, with the major change occurring c. AD 1200. In the last few decades, conditions have reverted towards those experienced prior to AD 1200.
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452 |
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yes |
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1965 |
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Title |
Correction and Accuracy of High- and Low-Resolution CTD Data from Animal-Borne Instruments |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
36 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
745-760 |
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1201 |
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ISSN |
0739-0572 |
ISBN |
0739-0572 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7467 |
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Author |
Vigan Mensah, Fabien Roquet, Lia Siegelman-Charbit, Baptiste Picard, Etienne Pauthenet, Christophe Guinet |
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Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1237-1252 |
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1201 |
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ISSN |
0739-0572 |
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0739-0572 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7367 |
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Title |
Measuring the Marine Soundscape of the Indian Ocean with Southern Elephant Seals Used as Acoustic Gliders of Opportunity |
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Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
207-223 |
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Abstract |
The underwater ambient sound field contains quantifiable information about the physical and biological marine environment. The development of operational systems for monitoring in an autonomous way the underwater acoustic signal is necessary for many applications, such as meteorology and biodiversity protection. This paper develops a proof-of-concept study on performing marine soundscape analysis from acoustic passive recordings of free-ranging biologged southern elephant seals (SES). A multivariate multiple linear regression (MMLR) framework is used to predict the measured ambient noise, modeled as a multivariate acoustic response, from SES (depth, speed, and acceleration) and environmental (wind) variables. Results show that the acoustic contributions of SES variables affect mainly low-frequency sound pressure levels (SPLs), while frequency bands above 3 kHz are less corrupted by SES displacement and allow a good measure of the Indian Ocean soundscape. Also, preliminary results toward the development of a mobile embedded weather sensor are presented. In particular, wind speed estimation can be performed from the passive acoustic recordings with an accuracy of 2 m s?1, using a rather simple multiple linear model. |
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109 |
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0739-0572 |
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0739-0572 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6634 |
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Author |
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Title |
Measuring the Marine Soundscape of the Indian Ocean with Southern Elephant Seals Used as Acoustic Gliders of Opportunity |
Type |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
207-223 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The underwater ambient sound field contains quantifiable information about the physical and biological marine environment. The development of operational systems for monitoring in an autonomous way the underwater acoustic signal is necessary for many applications, such as meteorology and biodiversity protection. This paper develops a proof-of-concept study on performing marine soundscape analysis from acoustic passive recordings of free-ranging biologged southern elephant seals (SES). A multivariate multiple linear regression (MMLR) framework is used to predict the measured ambient noise, modeled as a multivariate acoustic response, from SES (depth, speed, and acceleration) and environmental (wind) variables. Results show that the acoustic contributions of SES variables affect mainly low-frequency sound pressure levels (SPLs), while frequency bands above 3 kHz are less corrupted by SES displacement and allow a good measure of the Indian Ocean soundscape. Also, preliminary results toward the development of a mobile embedded weather sensor are presented. In particular, wind speed estimation can be performed from the passive acoustic recordings with an accuracy of 2 m s?1, using a rather simple multiple linear model. |
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109 |
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0739-0572 |
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0739-0572 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7152 |
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Author |
Genthon Christophe, Six Delphine, Favier Vincent, Lazzara Matthew, Keller Linda, |
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Title |
Atmospheric Temperature Measurement Biases on the Antarctic Plateau
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. |
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28 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1598-1605 |
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1013 |
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American Meteorological Society |
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0739-0572 |
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yes |
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Serial |
3681 |
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Author |
Sekma H, Park Y-H, Vivier F, |
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Title |
Time-Mean Flow as the Prevailing Contribution to the Poleward Heat Flux across the Southern Flank of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current: A Case Study in the Fawn Trough, Kerguelen Plateau
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
J. Phys. Oceanogr. |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
583-601 |
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Programme |
1061 |
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American Meteorological Society |
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0022-3670 |
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yes |
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Serial |
4374 |
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Title |
Investigating the Role of Shrub Height and Topography in Snow Accumulation on Low-Arctic Tundra using UAV-Borne Lidar |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrometeorology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
853-871 |
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Abstract |
Abstract Expanding shrubs in the Arctic trap blowing snow, increasing snow height and accelerating permafrost warming. Topography also affects snow height as snow accumulates in hollows. The respective roles of topography and erect vegetation in snow accumulation were investigated using a UAV-borne lidar at two nearby contrasted sites in northern Quebec, Canada. The North site featured tall vegetation up to 2.5 m high, moderate snow height, and smooth topography. The South site featured lower vegetation, greater snow height, and rougher topography. There was little correlation between topography and vegetation height at both sites. Vegetation lower than snow height had very little effect on snow height. When vegetation protruded above the snow, snow height was well correlated with vegetation height. The topographic position index (TPI) was well correlated with snow height when it was not masked by the effect of protruding vegetation. The North site with taller vegetation therefore showed a good correlation between vegetation height and snow height, R2 = 0.37, versus R2 = 0.04 at the South site. Regarding topography, the reverse was observed between TPI and snow height, with R2 = 0.29 at the North site and R2 = 0.67 at the South site. The combination of vegetation height and TPI improved the prediction of snow height at the North site (R2 = 0.59) but not at the South site because vegetation height has little influence there. Vegetation was therefore the main factor determining snow height when it protruded above the snow. When it did not protrude, snow height was mostly determined by topography. Significance Statement Wind-induced snow drifting is a major snow redistribution process in the Arctic. Shrubs trap drifting snow, and drifting snow accumulates in hollows. Determining the respective roles of both these processes in snow accumulation is required to predict permafrost temperature and its emission of greenhouse gases, because thicker snow limits permafrost winter cooling. Using a UAV-borne lidar, we have determined snow height distribution over two contrasted sites in the Canadian low Arctic, with varied vegetation height and topography. When snow height exceeds vegetation height, topography is a good predictor of snow height, with negligible effect of buried vegetation. When vegetation protrudes above the snow, combining both topography and vegetation height is required for a good prediction of snow height. |
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1042 |
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1525-7541, 1525-755X |
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8541 |
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Author |
M. Belke-Brea, F. Domine, S. Boudreau, G. Picard, M. Barrere, L. Arnaud, M. Paradis |
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Title |
New Allometric Equations for Arctic Shrubs and Their Application for Calculating the Albedo of Surfaces with Snow and Protruding Branches |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Hydrometeorology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
21 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2581-2594 |
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1042 |
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1525-7541, 1525-755X |
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7970 |
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