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Author |
G. Hubert, M. T. Pazianotto, C. A. Federico, P. Ricaud |
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Title |
Analysis of the Forbush Decreases and Ground-Level Enhancement on September 2017 Using Neutron Spectrometers Operated in Antarctic and Midlatitude Stations |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
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Volume |
124 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
661-673 |
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Abstract |
This work investigates solar events occurred in September 2017 characterized by a series of Forbush decreases and a ground level enhancement (GLE). Forbush decreases is a rapid decrease in the observed https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galacticcosmicray intensity following a coronal mass ejection while GLE is induced by a strong solar event for which the flux of high-energy solar particles is sufficient to enhance the radiation level on the ground. These investigations were performed using data recorded by a neutron spectrometer network composed of a Bonner sphere system. Two instruments located at Pic-du-Midi Observatory (+2,885 m above sea level) and at Concordia station (Antarctica, +3,233 m) record simultaneously and continuously the neutron spectra, allowing to consider short-term variations during solar events. The main objective is to analyze neutron spectral properties including their energy distributions and dynamics. This paper presents cosmic ray-induced neutron spectra during active solar event leading to changes in the local cosmic ray spectrum (Forbush decreases and a GLE). Concerning the GLE, analyses show that neutrons in the evaporation domain are particularly amplified during the GLE, while other energetic domains increase uniformly. |
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910,1112 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2169-9402 |
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2169-9402 |
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yes |
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7556 |
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Title |
Circulation in Drake Passage revisited using new current time series and satellite altimetry: 1. The Yaghan Basin
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
C12 |
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Keywords |
4512 Currents, 4515 Deep recirculations, 4520 Eddies and mesoscale processes, 4528 Fronts and jets, 4532 General circulation, Antarctic circumpolar current, current meter mooring, Drake Passage, eddies, meanders, Yaghan Basin, |
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1061 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2156-2202 |
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yes |
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4283 |
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Title |
Full-depth desalination of warm sea ice: FULL-DEPTH DESALINATION OF SEA ICE
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS |
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0148-0227 |
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118 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
435-447 |
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1015 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2169-9275 |
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yes |
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4292 |
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Author |
France J L, King M D, Lee-Taylor J, Beine H J, Ianniello A, Domine F, MacArthur A, |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
116 |
Issue |
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Pages |
F04013 ST - |
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Keywords |
Arctic fluxes hydroxyl radical nitrate snowpack 0736 Cryosphere: Snow (1827, 1863) 0798 Cryosphere: Modeling (1952, 4316), |
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1017 |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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yes |
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Serial |
1684 |
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Title |
Nitrous acid at Concordia (inland site) and Dumont d'Urville (coastal site), East Antarctica
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
D8 |
Pages |
D08303- |
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Keywords |
East Antarctica, LOPAP, nitrous acid, 0322 Constituent sources and sinks, 0365 Troposphere: composition and chemistry, 0368 Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry, |
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Programme |
414;903 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2156-2202 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3817 |
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Title |
A reassessment of the budget of formic and acetic acids in the boundary layer at Dumont d'Urville (coastal Antarctica): The role of penguin emissions on the budget of several oxygenated volatile organic compounds
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
D6 |
Pages |
D06308- |
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Keywords |
carboxylic acids, formic and acetic acids, ornithogenic soil emission, oxygenated volatile compounds, 0315 Biosphere/atmosphere interactions, 0330 Geochemical cycles, 0365 Troposphere: composition and chemistry, |
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Abstract |
Initiated in 1997, the year-round study of formic and acetic acids was maintained until 2011 at the coastal Antarctic site of Dumont d'Urville. The records show that formic and acetic acids are rather abundant in summer with typical mixing ratios of 200 pptv and 700 pptv, respectively. With the aim to constrain their budget, investigations of their potential marine precursors like short-chain alkenes and acetaldehyde were initiated in 2011. Acetic acid levels in December 2010 were four times higher than those observed over summers back to 1997. These unusually high levels were accompanied by unusually high levels of ammonia, and by an enrichment of oxalate in aerosols. These observations suggest that the guano decomposition in the large penguin colonies present at the site was particularly strong under weather conditions encountered in spring 2010 (important snow storms followed by sunny days with mild temperatures). Although being dependent on environmental conditions, this process greatly impacts the local atmospheric budget of acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and acetone during the entire summer season. Present at levels as high as 500 pptv, acetaldehyde may represent the major precursor of acetic acid, alkene-ozone reactions remaining insignificant sources. Far less influenced by penguin emissions, the budget of formic acid remains not fully understood even if alkene-ozone reactions contribute significantly.
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Programme |
414;903 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2156-2202 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3995 |
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Title |
Structure, specific surface area and thermal conductivity of the snowpack around Barrow, Alaska |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
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Pages |
D00R14 ST - |
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Keywords |
Arctic atmospheric chemistry climate contaminants polar snow 0475 Biogeosciences: Permafrost, cryosphere, and high-latitude processes (0702, 0716) 0718 Cryosphere: Tundra (9315) 0736 Cryosphere: Snow (1827, 1863) 0750 Cryosphere: Sea ice (4540) 0792 Cryosphere: Contaminants (0432), |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1017 |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1337 |
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Author |
France J L, Reay H J, King M D, Voisin D, Jacobi H W, Domine F, Beine H, Anastasio C, MacArthur A, Lee-Taylor J, |
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Title |
Hydroxyl radical and NOx production rates, black carbon concentrations and light-absorbing impurities in snow from field measurements of light penetration and nadir reflectivity of onshore and offshore coastal Alaskan snow |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
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Pages |
D00R12 ST - |
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Keywords |
Barrow OH black carbon e-folding depth nitrate photochemistry 0736 Cryosphere: Snow (1827, 1863) 0770 Cryosphere: Properties 0798 Cryosphere: Modeling (1952, 4316), |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1017 |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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yes |
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Serial |
1698 |
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Author |
Douglas Thomas A, Domine Florent, Barret Manuel, Anastasio Cort, Beine Harry J, Bottenheim Jan, Grannas Amanda, Houdier Stephan, Netcheva Stoyka, Rowland Glenn, Staebler Ralf, Steffen Alexandra, |
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Title |
Frost flowers growing in the Arctic ocean-atmosphere-sea ice-snow interface: 1. Chemical composition |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
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Pages |
D00R09 ST - |
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Keywords |
frost flowers polar atmospheric chemistry sea ice 0738 Cryosphere: Ice (1863) 0750 Cryosphere: Sea ice (4540) 0793 Cryosphere: Biogeochemistry (0412, 0414, 1615, 4805, 4912) 1022 Geochemistry: Composition of the hydrosphere 1050 Geochemistry: Marine geochemistry (4835, 4845, 4850), |
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Abstract |
Frost flowers, intricate featherlike crystals that grow on refreezing sea ice leads, have been implicated in lower atmospheric chemical reactions. Few studies have presented chemical composition information for frost flowers over time and many of the chemical species commonly associated with Polar tropospheric reactions have never been reported for frost flowers. We undertook this study on the sea ice north of Barrow, Alaska to quantify the major ion, stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope, alkalinity, light absorbance by soluble species, organochlorine, and aldehyde composition of seawater, brine, and frost flowers. For many of these chemical species we present the first measurements from brine or frost flowers. Results show that major ion and alkalinity concentrations, stable isotope values, and major chromophore (NO3- and H2O2) concentrations are controlled by fractionation from seawater and brine. The presence of these chemical species in present and future sea ice scenarios is somewhat predictable. However, aldehydes, organochlorine compounds, light absorbing species, and mercury (part 2 of this research and Sherman et al. (2012)) are deposited to frost flowers through less predictable processes that probably involve the atmosphere as a source. The present and future concentrations of these constituents in frost flowers may not be easily incorporated into future sea ice or lower atmospheric chemistry scenarios. Thinning of Arctic sea ice will likely present more open sea ice leads where young ice, brine, and frost flowers form. How these changing ice conditions will affect the interactions between ice, brine, frost flowers and the lower atmosphere is unknown. |
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1017 |
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0148-0227 |
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yes |
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Serial |
1740 |
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Author |
Durand G, Gagliardini O, Favier L, Zwinger T, le Meur E, |
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Title |
Impact of bedrock description on modeling ice sheet dynamics
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Geophys. Res. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
20 |
Pages |
L20501- |
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Keywords |
DEM, bedrock, ice sheet, 0726 Cryosphere: Ice sheets, 0774 Cryosphere: Dynamics, 0798 Cryosphere: Modeling (1952, 4316), |
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Abstract |
Recent glaciological surveys have revealed a significant increase of ice discharge from polar ice caps into the ocean. In parallel, ice flow models have been greatly improved to better reproduce current changes and forecast the future behavior of ice sheets. For these models, surface topography and bedrock elevation are crucial input parameters that largely control the dynamics and the ensuing overall mass balance of the ice sheet. For obvious reasons of inaccessibility, only sparse and uneven bedrock elevation data is available. This raw data is processed to produce Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) on a regular 5 km grid. These DEMs are used to constrain the basal boundary conditions of all ice sheet models. Here, by using a full-Stokes finite element code, we examine the sensitivity of an ice flow model to the accuracy of the bedrock description. In the context of short-term ice sheet forecast, we show that in coastal regions, the bedrock elevation should be known at a resolution of the order of one kilometer. Conversely, a crude description of the bedrock in the interior of the continent does not affect modeling of the ice outflow into the ocean. These findings clearly indicate that coastal regions should be prioritized during future geophysical surveys. They also indicate that a paradigm shift is required to change the current design of DEMs describing the bedrock below the ice sheets: they must give users the opportunity to incorporate high-resolution bedrock elevation data in regions of interest.
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Programme |
1053 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
AGU |
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0094-8276 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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3452 |
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