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Title |
Copepod Grazing Influences Diatom Aggregation and Particle Dynamics |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
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6 |
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751 |
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1164 |
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2296-7745 |
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8133 |
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Gustavo J. Goni, Janet Sprintall, Francis Bringas, Lijing Cheng, Mauro Cirano, Shenfu Dong, Ricardo Domingues, Marlos Goes, Hosmay Lopez, Rosemary Morrow, Ulises Rivero, Thomas Rossby, Robert E. Todd, Joaquin Trinanes, Nathalie Zilberman, Molly Baringer, Tim Boyer, Rebecca Cowley, Catia M. Domingues, Katherine Hutchinson, Martin Kramp, Mauricio M. Mata, Franco Reseghetti, Charles Sun, Udaya Bhaskar TVS, Denis Volkov |
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Title |
More Than 50 Years of Successful Continuous Temperature Section Measurements by the Global Expendable Bathythermograph Network, Its Integrability, Societal Benefits, and Future |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
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6 |
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Keywords |
Boundary current Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) Meridional heat transport surface current Upper ocean thermal structure |
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Abstract |
The first eXpendable BathyThermographs (XBTs) were deployed in the 1960s in the North Atlantic Ocean. In 1967 XBTs were deployed in operational mode to provide a continuous record of temperature profile data along repeated transects, now known as the Global XBT Network. The current network is designed to monitor ocean circulation and boundary current variability, basin-wide and trans-basin ocean heat transport, and global and regional heat content. The ability of the XBT Network to systematically map the upper ocean thermal field in multiple basins with repeated trans-basin sections at eddy-resolving scales remains unmatched today and cannot be reproduced at present by any other observing platform. Some repeated XBT transects have now been continuously occupied for more than 30 years, providing an unprecedented long-term climate record of temperature and geostrophic velocity profiles that are used to understand variability in ocean heat content, sea level change, and meridional ocean heat transport. Here, we present key scientific advances in understanding the changing ocean and climate system supported by XBT observations. Improvement in XBT data quality and its impact on computations, particularly of ocean heat content, are presented. Technology development for probes, launchers, and transmission techniques are also discussed. Finally, we offer new perspectives for the future of the Global XBT Network. |
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2296-7745 |
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7714 |
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Title |
Towards Comprehensive Observing and Modeling Systems for Monitoring and Predicting Regional to Coastal Sea Level |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
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coastal adaptation Coastal impacts coastal ocean modeling Coastal sea level integrated observing system observational gaps Sea level trends |
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Abstract |
A major challenge for managing impacts and implementing effective mitigation and adaptation strategies for coastal zones affected by future sea level (SL) rise is our very limited capacity to predict SL change on coastal scales, over various timescales. Predicting coastal SL requires the ability to monitor and simulate a multitude of physical processes affecting SL, from local effects of wind waves and river runoff to remote influences of the large-scale ocean circulation on the coast. Here we assess our current understanding of the causes of coastal SL variability on seasonal to multi-decadal timescales, including geodetic, oceanographic and atmospheric aspects of the problem, and review available observing systems informing on coastal SL. We also review the ability of current models and data assimilation systems to estimate coastal SL variations and of atmosphere-ocean global coupled models and related regional downscaling efforts to project future SL changes. We discuss (1) key observational gaps and uncertainties, and priorities for the development of an optimal and integrated coastal SL observing system, (2) strategies for advancing model capabilities in forecasting short-term processes and projecting long-term changes affecting coastal SL, and (3) possible future developments of sea level services enabling better connection of scientists and user communities and facilitating assessment and decision making for adaptation to future coastal SL change. |
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688 |
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2296-7745 |
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yes |
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7955 |
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Title |
Polar Ocean Observations: A Critical Gap in the Observing System and Its Effect on Environmental Predictions From Hours to a Season |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
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Pages |
429 |
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1164 |
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2296-7745 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8125 |
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Author |
Michelle Antolos, Scott A. Shaffer, Henri Weimerskirch, Yann Tremblay, Daniel P. Costa |
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Title |
Foraging Behavior and Energetics of Albatrosses in Contrasting Breeding Environments |
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Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
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Keywords |
activity patterns Black-footed albatross doubly labeled water energetics foraging behavior Indian yellow-nosed albatross Laysan albatross Satellite tracking |
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Abstract |
Animals can maximize fitness by optimizing energy acquisition through the selection of favorable foraging habitats, but trade-offs exist between time spent in preferred feeding habitats, energetic costs of travel, and reproductive constraints. For pelagic seabirds, geographic distribution of suitable breeding islands can restrict access to marine prey resources and influence foraging strategies. Laysan (Phoebastria immutabilis) and black-footed albatrosses (P. nigripes) breeding in the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, and Indian yellow-nosed albatrosses (Thalassarche carteri) breeding in the Southern Indian Ocean, utilize productive subtropical-subpolar transition zones during their breeding and non-breeding periods, but this marine feature is at a comparatively greater distance for Hawaiian albatrosses during the breeding period due to location of nesting islands. We investigated the foraging behavior and energetics of these three species to evaluate how proximity to preferred marine habitats has influenced their overall foraging strategies. During incubation, all three species traveled to subtropical-subpolar transition zones, however, Hawaiian albatrosses ranged farther to reach this habitat. All species reduced time at sea during brooding, and Hawaiian albatrosses reduced their foraging ranges to distances similar to yellow-nosed albatrosses. As a consequence, Hawaiian albatrosses foraged in the warm, oligotrophic environment of the subtropical gyre during brooding while yellow-nosed albatrosses continued to forage in a subtropical-subpolar transition zone. Landing rates, an indicator of foraging effort, did not differ between reproductive stages and were highly variable within and among species. Hawaiian albatrosses generally spent more time in flight compared to yellow-nosed albatrosses, a strategy that may relate to searching for dispersed and unpredictable prey. Mean absolute field-metabolic rate (FMR) was greatest for black-footed albatrosses, and similar between Laysan and yellow-nosed albatrosses, but mass-specific FMR did not differ between species. Hawaiian albatrosses had lower total body water than yellow-nosed albatrosses (indicating greater lipid reserves), and had FMRs that fell below the allometric relationship for studied albatross species, attributes that likely reflect physiological adaptations for foraging in a low-productivity environment. |
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109 |
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2296-7745 |
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2296-7745 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7147 |
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Author |
Xavier JC, Brandt A, Ropert-Coudert Y, Badhe R, Gutt J, Havermans C, Jones C, Costa ES, Lochte K, Schloss IR, Kennicutt MC II, Sutherland WJ |
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Title |
Future Challenges in Southern Ocean Ecology Research |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
94 |
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Abstract |
The Southern Ocean is experiencing relentless change. The Antarctic and Southern Ocean community, represented by 75 scientists and policy-makers from 22 countries, recently met to formulate a collective vision on the priorities for Antarctic research for the next two decades and beyond. Here, we assess high-interest research areas related specifically to Southern Ocean life and ecology that, although not all retained as the 80 top priorities among the addressed scientific domains, are of considerable relevance to the biology and ecology of the Southern Ocean. As certain regions of the Southern Ocean ecosystems have witnessed abiotic and biotic changes in the last decades (e.g., warming, climate variability, changes in sea ice, and abundance of marine organisms), such an exercise was urgently needed. We concluded that basic biological information on the taxonomy of numerous organisms is still lacking in areas, such as the deep-ocean floor or the under-ice environments. Furthermore, there is a need for knowledge about the response and resilience of Antarctic marine ecosystems to change. The continuation of a long-term commitment and the development and use of innovative technology to adequately monitor the Southern Ocean ecosystems is required. Highlighting the most important Southern Ocean research topics allow the identification of the challenges and future requirements in technological development, and both research and funding strategies for the various stakeholders. |
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1091 |
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2296-7745 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6433 |
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Author |
O'Toole Malcolm D, Lea Mary-Anne, Guinet Christophe, Schick Robert, Hindell Mark A, |
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Title |
Foraging strategy switch of a top marine predator according to seasonal resource differences
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
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2 |
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21 |
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Keywords |
Antarctica, Mirounga leonina, Ross Sea, Trophic link, elephant seal, foraging behavior, lower-trophic distribution, |
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109 |
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Frontiers |
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2296-7745 |
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yes |
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6182 |
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2023 |
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Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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11 |
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Keywords |
Antarctica basal corticosterone disturbance Human activity Pygoscelis adeliae seabird stress response stress-induced corticosterone |
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1091 |
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2296-701X |
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yes |
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8762 |
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Title |
Integument carotenoid-based colouration reflects contamination to perfluoroalkyl substances, but not mercury, in arctic black-legged kittiwakes |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Frontiers in ecology and evolution |
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10 |
Issue |
952765 |
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Abstract |
Anthropogenic activities are introducing multiple chemical contaminants into ecosystems that act as stressors for wildlife. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and mercury (Hg) are two relevant contaminants that may cause detrimental effects on the fitness of many aquatic organisms. However, there is a lack of information on their impact on the expression of secondary sexual signals that animals use for mate choice. We have explored the correlations between integument carotenoid-based colourations, blood levels of carotenoids, and blood levels of seven PFAS and of total Hg (THg) in 50 adult male black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) from the Norwegian Arctic during the pre-laying period, while controlling for other colouration influencing variables such as testosterone and body condition. Kittiwakes with elevated blood concentrations of PFAS (PFOSlin, PFNA, PFDcA, PFUnA, or PFDoA) had less chromatic but brighter bills, and brighter gape and tongue; PFOSlin was the pollutant with the strongest association with bill colourations. Conversely, plasma testosterone was the only significant correlate of hue and chroma of both gape and tongue, and of hue of the bill. Kittiwakes with higher concentrations of any PFAS, but not of THg, tended to have significantly higher plasma concentrations of the carotenoids astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and cryptoxanthin. Our work provides the first correlative evidence that PFAS exposure might interfere with the carotenoid metabolism and the expression of integument carotenoid-based colourations in a free-living bird species. This outcome may be a direct effect of PFAS exposure or be indirectly caused by components of diet that also correlate with elevated PFAS concentrations (e.g., proteins). It also suggests that there might be no additive effect of THg co-exposure with PFAS on the expression of colourations. These results call for further work on the possible interference of PFAS with the expression of colourations used in mate choice. |
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2296-701X |
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2296-701X |
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yes |
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8576 |
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Title |
A Migratory Divide Among Red-Necked Phalaropes in the Western Palearctic Reveals Contrasting Migration and Wintering Movement Strategies |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
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Keywords |
Flexibility Itineracy Migration strategy Phalaropus lobatus plasticity Red-necked Phalarope |
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1036 |
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2296-701X |
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2296-701X |
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yes |
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6953 |
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