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Author |
Angot, H., Magand, O., Helmig, D., Ricaud, P., Quennehen, B., Gallée, H., Del Guasta, M., Sprovieri, F., Pirrone, N., Savarino, J., Dommergue, A. |
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Title |
New insights into the atmospheric mercury cycling in central Antarctica and implications on a continental scale |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Atmospheric chemistry and physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
8249-8264 |
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Abstract |
Under the framework of the GMOS project (Global Mercury Observation System) atmospheric mercury monitoring has been implemented at Concordia Station on the high-altitude Antarctic plateau (75°06′ S, 123°20′ E, 3220 m above sea level). We report here the first year-round measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg(0)) in the atmosphere and in snowpack interstitial air on the East Antarctic ice sheet. This unique data set shows evidence of an intense oxidation of atmospheric Hg(0) in summer (24-hour daylight) due to the high oxidative capacity of the Antarctic plateau atmosphere in this period of the year. Summertime Hg(0) concentrations exhibited a pronounced daily cycle in ambient air with maximal concentrations around midday. Photochemical reactions and chemical exchange at the air–snow interface were prominent, highlighting the role of the snowpack on the atmospheric mercury cycle. Our observations reveal a 20 to 30 % decrease of atmospheric Hg(0) concentrations from May to mid-August (winter, 24 h darkness). This phenomenon has not been reported elsewhere and possibly results from the dry deposition of Hg(0) onto the snowpack. We also reveal the occurrence of multi-day to weeklong atmospheric Hg(0) depletion events in summer, not associated with depletions of ozone, and likely due to a stagnation of air masses above the plateau triggering an accumulation of oxidants within the shallow boundary layer. Our observations suggest that the inland atmospheric reservoir is depleted in Hg(0) in summer. Due to katabatic winds flowing out from the Antarctic plateau down the steep vertical drops along the coast and according to observations at coastal Antarctic stations, the striking reactivity observed on the plateau most likely influences the cycle of atmospheric mercury on a continental scale. |
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1028 |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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6561 |
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Title |
New insights into the atmospheric mercury cycling in central Antarctica and implications on a continental scale |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Atmos. chem. phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
8249-8264 |
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1028 |
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1680-7324 |
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1680-7324 |
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yes |
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6591 |
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Legrand, M., Preunkert, S., Savarino, J., Frey, M. M., Kukui, A., Helmig, D., Jourdain, B., Jones, A., Weller, R., Brough, N., and Gallée, H |
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Title |
Inter-annual variability of surface ozone at coastal (Dumont d’Urville, 2004-014) and inland (Concordia, 2007-2014) sites in East Antarctica |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Atmospheric chemistry and physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
8053-8069 |
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Surface ozone has been measured since 2004 at the coastal East Antarctic site of Dumont d'Urville (DDU), and since 2007 at the Concordia station located on the high East Antarctic plateau. This paper discusses long-term changes, seasonal and diurnal cycles, as well as inter-annual summer variability observed at these two East Antarctic sites. At Concordia, near-surface ozone data were complemented by balloon soundings and compared to similar measurements done at the South Pole. The DDU record is compared to those obtained at the coastal site of Syowa, also located in East Antarctica, as well as the coastal sites of Neumayer and Halley, both located on the coast of the Weddell Sea in West Antarctica. Surface ozone mixing ratios exhibit very similar seasonal cycles at Concordia and the South Pole. However, in summer the diurnal cycle of ozone is different at the two sites with a drop of ozone in the afternoon at Concordia but not at the South Pole. The vertical distribution of ozone above the snow surface also differs. When present, the ozone-rich layer located near the ground is better mixed and deeper at Concordia (up to 400 m) than at the South Pole during sunlight hours. These differences are related to different solar radiation and wind regimes encountered at these two inland sites. DDU appears to be the coastal site where the impact of the late winter/spring bromine chemistry is the weakest, but where the impact of elevated ozone levels caused by NOx snow emissions from the high Antarctic plateau is the highest. The highest impact of the bromine chemistry is seen at Halley and Neumayer, and to a lesser extent at Syowa. These three sites are only weakly impacted by the NOx chemistry and the net ozone production occurring on the high Antarctic plateau. The differences in late winter/spring are attributed to the abundance of sea ice offshore from the sites, whereas those in summer are related to the topography of East Antarctica that promotes the katabatic flow bringing oxidant-rich inland air masses to the site. There appears to be a decreasing change in summer surface ozone at the two East Antarctic sites of Concordia and DDU over the most recent period (2004–2014 and 2007–2014). Further research, including continued monitoring, is needed at these two sites to better separate the effect of synoptic transport from possible change of NOx snow emissions in response to recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer leading to penetration of more UV radiation to the surface. |
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414 |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6542 |
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Author |
T. Dinh, A. Podglajen, A. Hertzog, B. Legras, R. Plougonven |
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Title |
Effect of gravity wave temperature fluctuations on homogeneous ice nucleation in the tropical tropopause layer |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
35-46 |
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The impact of high-frequency fluctuations of temperature on homogeneous nucleation of ice crystals in the vicinity of the tropical tropopause is investigated using a bin microphysics scheme for air parcels. The imposed temperature fluctuations come from measurements during isopycnic balloon flights near the tropical tropopause. The balloons collected data at high frequency, guaranteeing that gravity wave signals are well resolved.
With the observed temperature time series, the numerical simulations with homogeneous freezing show a full range of ice number concentration (INC) as previously observed in the tropical upper troposphere. In particular, a low INC may be obtained if the gravity wave perturbations produce a non-persistent cooling rate (even with large magnitude) such that the absolute change in temperature remains small during nucleation. This result is explained analytically by a dependence of the INC on the absolute drop in temperature (and not on the cooling rate). This work suggests that homogeneous ice nucleation is not necessarily inconsistent with observations of low INCs. |
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914 |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8280 |
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Author |
J. Bock, J. Savarino, G. Picard |
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2016 |
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Atmos. Chem. Phys. |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
12531-12550 |
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1110 |
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1680-7324 |
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1680-7324 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6776 |
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Title |
Atmospheric mercury concentrations observed at ground-based monitoring sites globally distributed in the framework of the GMOS network |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Atmos. chem. phys. |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
18 |
Pages |
11915-11935 |
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1028 |
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1680-7324 |
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1680-7324 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6596 |
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Title |
Chemical cycling and deposition of atmospheric mercury in polar regions: review of recent measurements and comparison with models |
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2016 |
Publication |
Atmos. chem. phys. |
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16 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
10735-10763 |
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1028 |
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1680-7324 |
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1680-7324 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6592 |
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Author |
Frey M M, Roscoe H K, Kukui A, Savarino J, France J L, King M D, Legrand M, Preunkert S, |
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Title |
Atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) at Dome C, East Antarctica, during the OPALE campaign
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
7859-7875 |
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903 |
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Copernicus GmbH |
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1680-7316 |
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6156 |
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Song S, Selin N E, Soerensen A L, Angot H, Artz R, Brooks S, Brunke E-G, Conley G, Dommergue A, Ebinghaus R, Holsen T M, Jaffe D A, Kang S, Kelley P, Luke W T, Magand O, Marumoto K, Pfaffhuber K A, Ren X, Sheu G-R, Slemr F, Warneke T, Weigelt A, Weiss-Penzias P, Wip D C, Zhang Q, |
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Title |
Top-down constraints on atmospheric mercury emissions and implications for global biogeochemical cycling
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
7103-7125 |
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1028 |
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Copernicus GmbH |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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6219 |
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Title |
Formaldehyde (HCHO) in air, snow, and interstitial air at Concordia (East Antarctic Plateau) in summer
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
6689-6705 |
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903 |
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Copernicus GmbH |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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6158 |
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