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Bas J. H. Van de Wiel, Etienne Vignon, Peter Baas, Ivo G. S. van Hooijdonk, Steven J. A. van der Linden, J. Antoon van Hooft, Fred C. Bosveld, Stefan R. de Roode, Arnold F. Moene, Christophe Genthon. (2017). Regime Transitions in Near-Surface Temperature Inversions: A Conceptual Model (Vol. 74). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: A conceptual model is used in combination with observational analysis to understand regime transitions of near-surface temperature inversions at night as well as in Arctic conditions. The model combines a surface energy budget with a bulk parameterization for turbulent heat transport. Energy fluxes or feedbacks due to soil and radiative heat transfer are accounted for by a ?lumped parameter closure,? which represents the ?coupling strength? of the system.Observations from Cabauw, Netherlands, and Dome C, Antarctica, are analyzed. As expected, inversions are weak for strong winds, whereas large inversions are found under weak-wind conditions. However, a sharp transition is found between those regimes, as it occurs within a narrow wind range. This results in a typical S-shaped dependency. The conceptual model explains why this characteristic must be a robust feature. Differences between the Cabauw and Dome C cases are explained from differences in coupling strength (being weaker in the Antarctic). For comparison, a realistic column model is run. As findings are similar to the simple model and the observational analysis, it suggests generality of the results.Theoretical analysis reveals that, in the transition zone near the critical wind speed, the response time of the system to perturbations becomes large. As resilience to perturbations becomes weaker, it may explain why, within this wind regime, an increase of scatter is found. Finally, the so-called heat flux duality paradox is analyzed. It is explained why numerical simulations with prescribed surface fluxes show a dynamical response different from more realistic surface-coupled systems.
Programme: 1013
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. (2021). Recent Climate Variability around the Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean) Seen through Weather Regimes (Vol. 60). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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. (2010). The Concordiasi Project in Antarctica
. BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 91(1), 69–85.
Abstract: Abstract The Concordiasi project is making innovative observations of the atmosphere above Antarctica. The most important goals of the Concordiasi are as follows: To enhance the accuracy of weather prediction and climate records in Antarctica through the assimilation of in situ and satellite data, with an emphasis on data provided by hyperspectral infrared sounders. The focus is on clouds, precipitation, and the mass budget of the ice sheets. The improvements in dynamical model analyses and forecasts will be used in chemical-transport models that describe the links between the polar vortex dynamics and ozone depletion, and to advance the understanding of the Earth system by examining the interactions between Antarctica and lower latitudes.To improve our understanding of microphysical and dynamical processes controlling the polar ozone, by providing the first quasi-Lagrangian observations of stratospheric ozone and particles, in addition to an improved characterization of the 3D polar vortex dynamics. Tech...
Programme: 1013
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Smet Willem H De, . (2015). Zootaxa, 3941(2), 221–38.
Keywords: Antarctica, Pseudingolfiella, biogeography, chorology, diversity,
Programme: 136
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. (2011). American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 300(5), R1241–R1249.
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. (2013). AJP Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 305(9), R1065–R1075.
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. (2013). Characteristic atmosphere-ocean-solid Earth interactions in the Antarctic coastal and marine environment inferred from seismic and infrasound recording at Syowa station, East Antarctica. Geological Society Special Publication, 381, SP381.8.
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Saucede Thomas, Pierrat Benjamin, Brayard Arnaud, David Bruno, . (2013). Palaeobiogeography of Austral echinoid faunas: a first quantitative approach
. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 381(1), 117–127.
Abstract: Few studies have been devoted to the palaeobiogeography of Antarctic echinoids, all of them analysing and discussing distribution patterns in a qualitative way. The present work aims at exploring the evolution of palaeobiogeographic relationships of Austral echinoid faunas through four time intervals, from the Maastrichtian to the present day, using a quantitative approach: the Bootstrapped Spanning Network procedure. Analyses were successfully performed and improve our knowledge of biogeographic relationships between the different Austral regions. Biogeographic maps were produced that can be easily and intuitively discussed. Our results mostly agree with palaeobiogeographic studies performed on other benthic invertebrates and are congruent with the palaeogeographic evolution of Antarctica. However, two main points markedly contrast with other works: there is no evidence of an Austral provincialism at the end of the Cretaceous and early Cenozoic, and echinoid data suggest isolation of southern Argentina from other Austral regions, including Antarctica, in the Early Miocene.
Programme: 1044;1124
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Florent Domine, Gilles Gauthier, Vincent Vionnet, Dominique Fauteux, Marie Dumont, and Mathieu Barrere. (2018). Snow physical properties may be a significant determinant of lemming population dynamics in the high Arctic – Arctic Science (Vol. 4). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Olivier Gilg, Nigel G. Yoccoz. (2010). Explaining Bird Migration (Vol. 327). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: Arctic shorebirds can travel tens of thousands of kilometers every year as they fly along intercontinental flyways from their southern wintering grounds to their remote, harsh breeding sites. How these birds solve the navigational and physiological constraints has been largely answered, but why they migrate is still a question with many possible answers (1). On page 326 of this issue, McKinnon et al. (2) present a continent-wide study that points to predation as a driving mechanism for migration. The study also elucidates the role of predation in shaping Arctic terrestrial biodiversity. Predation pressure falls with increasing latitude, helping to explain why many birds migrate as far north as the high Arctic. Predation pressure falls with increasing latitude, helping to explain why many birds migrate as far north as the high Arctic.
Programme: 1036
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