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Author |
Landais A, Dreyfus G, Capron E, Pol K, Loutre M F, Raynaud D, Lipenkov V Y, Arnaud L, Masson-Delmotte V, Paillard D, Jouzel J, Leuenberger M, |
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Title |
Towards orbital dating of the EPICA Dome C ice core using δO2/N2
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Clim. Past |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
191-203 |
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902 |
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Copernicus Publications |
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ISSN |
1814-9332 |
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yes |
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Serial |
4152 |
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Author |
Capron E, Landais A, Chappellaz J, Schilt A, Buiron D, Dahl-Jensen D, Johnsen S J, Jouzel J, Lemieux-Dudon B, Loulergue L, Leuenberger M, Masson-Delmotte V, Meyer H, Oerter H, Stenni B, |
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Title |
Millennial and sub-millennial scale climatic variations recorded in polar ice cores over the last glacial period
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Clim. Past |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
345 -365 |
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Abstract |
Since its discovery in Greenland ice cores, the millennial scale climatic variability of the last glacial period has been increasingly documented at all latitudes with studies focusing mainly on Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3; 28-60 thousand of years before present, hereafter ka) and characterized by short Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events. Recent and new results obtained on the EPICA and NorthGRIP ice cores now precisely describe the rapid variations of Antarctic and Greenland temperature during MIS 5 (73.5-123 ka), a time period corresponding to relatively high sea level. The results display a succession of abrupt events associated with long Greenland InterStadial phases (GIS) enabling us to highlight a sub-millennial scale climatic variability depicted by (i) short-lived and abrupt warming events preceding some GIS (precursor-type events) and (ii) abrupt warming events at the end of some GIS (rebound-type events). The occurrence of these sub-millennial scale events is suggested to be driven by the insolation at high northern latitudes together with the internal forcing of ice sheets. Thanks to a recent NorthGRIP-EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML) common timescale over MIS 5, the bipolar sequence of climatic events can be established at millennial to sub-millennial timescale. This shows that for extraordinary long stadial durations the accompanying Antarctic warming amplitude cannot be described by a simple linear relationship between the two as expected from the bipolar seesaw concept. We also show that when ice sheets are extensive, Antarctica does not necessarily warm during the whole GS as the thermal bipolar seesaw model would predict, questioning the Greenland ice core temperature records as a proxy for AMOC changes throughout the glacial period. |
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458 |
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Copernicus Publications |
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1814-9332 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2702 |
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Journal |
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2018 |
Publication |
Climate of the Past |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
923-946 |
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411 |
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ISSN |
1814-9324 |
ISBN |
1814-9324 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7363 |
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Author |
Lucie Bazin, Amaelle Landais, Emilie Capron, Valérie Masson-Delmotte, Catherine Ritz, Ghislain Picard, Jean Jouzel, Marie Dumont, Markus Leuenberger, and Frédéric Prié |
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Title |
Phase relationships between orbital forcing and the composition of air trapped in Antarctic ice cores |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Climate of the past |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
729-748 |
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Abstract |
Abstract. Orbital tuning is central for ice core chronologies beyond annual layer counting, available back to 60 ka (i.e. thousands of years before 1950) for Greenland ice cores. While several complementary orbital tuning tools have recently been developed using δ18Oatm, δO2⁄N2 and air content with different orbital targets, quantifying their uncertainties remains a challenge. Indeed, the exact processes linking variations of these parameters, measured in the air trapped in ice, to their orbital targets are not yet fully understood. Here, we provide new series of δO2∕N2 and δ18Oatm data encompassing Marine Isotopic Stage (MIS) 5 (between 100 and 160 ka) and the oldest part (340–800 ka) of the East Antarctic EPICA Dome C (EDC) ice core. For the first time, the measurements over MIS 5 allow an inter-comparison of δO2∕N2 and δ18Oatm records from three East Antarctic ice core sites (EDC, Vostok and Dome F). This comparison highlights some site-specific δO2∕N2 variations. Such an observation, the evidence of a 100 ka periodicity in the δO2∕N2 signal and the difficulty to identify extrema and mid-slopes in δO2∕N2 increase the uncertainty associated with the use of δO2∕N2 as an orbital tuning tool, now calculated to be 3–4 ka. When combining records of δ18Oatm and δO2∕N2 from Vostok and EDC, we find a loss of orbital signature for these two parameters during periods of minimum eccentricity (∼ 400 ka, ∼ 720–800 ka). Our data set reveals a time-varying offset between δO2∕N2 and δ18Oatm records over the last 800 ka that we interpret as variations in the lagged response of δ18Oatm to precession. The largest offsets are identified during Terminations II, MIS 8 and MIS 16, corresponding to periods of destabilization of the Northern polar ice sheets. We therefore suggest that the occurrence of Heinrich–like events influences the response of δ18Oatm to precession. |
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902 |
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ISSN |
1814-9324 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6525 |
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Author |
E. Gautier, J. Savarino, J. Erbland, A. Lanciki, P. Possenti |
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Title |
Variability of sulfate signal in ice core records based on five replicate cores |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Climate of the Past |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
103-113 |
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Abstract |
Abstract. Current Volcanic Reconstructions Based On Ice Core Analysis Have Significantly Improved Over The Past Few Decades By Incorporating Multiple-core Analyses With A High Temporal Resolution From Different Parts Of The Polar Regions Into A Composite Common Volcanic Eruption Record. Regional Patterns Of Volcanic Deposition Are Based On Composite Records, Built From Cores Taken At Both Poles. However, In Many Cases Only A Single Record At A Given Site Is Used For These Reconstructions. This Assumes That Transport And Regional Meteorological Patterns Are The Only Source Of The Dispersion Of The Volcanic Products. Here We Evaluate The Local-scale Variability Of A Sulfate Profile In A Low-accumulation Site (Dome C, Antarctica), In Order To Assess The Representativeness Of One Core For Such A Reconstruction. We Evaluate The Variability With Depth, Statistical Occurrence, And Sulfate Flux Deposition Variability Of Volcanic Eruptions Detected In Five Ice Cores, Drilled 1 M Apart From Each Other. Local-scale Variability, Essentially Attributed To Snow Drift And Surface Roughness At Dome C, Can Lead To A Non-exhaustive Record Of Volcanic Events When A Single Core Is Used As The Site Reference, With A Bulk Probability Of 30 % Of Missing Volcanic Events And Close To 65 % Uncertainty On One Volcanic Flux Measurement (Based On The Standard Deviation Obtained From A Five-core Comparison). Averaging N Records Reduces The Uncertainty Of The Deposited Flux Mean Significantly (By A Factor 1? ? N); In The Case Of Five Cores, The Uncertainty Of The Mean Flux Can Therefore Be Reduced To 29 %. |
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Programme |
1011 |
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ISSN |
1814-9324 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8147 |
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Title |
Diversity of bacteria producing pigmented colonies in aerosol, snow and soil samples from remote glacial areas (Antarctica, Alps and Andes)
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Biogeosciences Discuss. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1607-1630 |
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Abstract |
Four different communities and one culture of pigmented microbial assemblages were obtained by incubation in mineral medium of samples collected from high elevation snow in the Alps (Mt. Blanc area) and the Andes (Nevado Illimani summit, Bolivia), from Antarctic aerosol (French station Dumont d'Urville) and a maritime Antarctic soil (King George Island, South Shetlands, Uruguay Station Artigas). Molecular analysis of more than 200 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that all cultured cells belong to the Bacteria domain. The phylogenetic comparison with the currently available rDNA database allowed the identification of sequences belonging to Proteobacteria (Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-proteobacteria), Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla. The Andes snow culture was the richest in bacterial diversity (eight microorganisms identified) and the maritime Antarctic soil the poorest (only one). Snow samples from Col du midi (Alps) and the Andes shared the highest number of identified microorganisms (Agrobacterium, Limnobacter, Aquiflexus and two uncultured Alphaproteobacteria clones). These two sampling sites also shared four sequences with the Antarctic aerosol sample (Limnobacter, Pseudonocardia and an uncultured Alphaproteobacteria clone). The only microorganism identified in the maritime Antarctica soil (Brevundimonas sp.) was also detected in the Antarctic aerosol. The two snow samples from the Alps only shared one common microorganism. Most of the identified microorganisms have been detected previously in cold environments (Dietzia kujamenisi, Pseudonocardia Antarctica, Hydrogenophaga palleronii and Brebundimonas sp.), marine sediments (Aquiflexus balticus, Pseudomonas pseudoalkaligenes, Pseudomonas sp. and one uncultured Alphaproteobacteria), and soils and rocks (Pseudonocardia sp., Agrobactrium sp., Limnobacter sp. and two uncultured Alphaproteobacetria clones). Air current dispersal is the best model to explain the presence of very specific microorganisms, like those used in this work, in very distant environments. In addition these microorganisms have to be resistant to extreme conditions and able to grow in oligotrophic environments. Considering the habitats in which they have been identified, the presence of pigments must be related with their ability to resist high doses of radiation. |
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Programme |
355 |
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Publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
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ISSN |
1810-6285 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2722 |
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Author |
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Title |
Global atmospheric carbon budget: results from an ensemble of atmospheric CO2 inversions
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Biogeosciences Discussions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
5301-5360 |
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Programme |
416 |
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ISSN |
1810-6285 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
4444 |
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Author |
Bown J, Boye M, Laan P, Bowie A R, Park Y-H, Jeandel C, Nelson D M, |
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Title |
Imprint of a dissolved cobalt basaltic source on the Kerguelen Plateau
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Biogeosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
5279-5290 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1061 |
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Publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
Place of Publication |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1726-4189 |
ISBN |
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yes |
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Serial |
4126 |
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Title |
Reviews and syntheses: A framework to observe, understand and project ecosystem response to environmental change in the East Antarctic Southern Ocean |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Biogeosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
5313-5342 |
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Abstract |
Systematic long-term studies on ecosystem dynamics are largely lacking from the East Antarctic Southern Ocean, although it is well recognized that they are indispensable to identify the ecological impacts and risks of environmental change. Here, we present a framework for establishing a long-term cross-disciplinary study on decadal timescales. We argue that the eastern Weddell Sea and the adjacent sea to the east, off Dronning Maud Land, is a particularly well suited area for such a study, since it is based on findings from previous expeditions to this region. Moreover, since climate and environmental change have so far been comparatively muted in this area, as in the eastern Antarctic in general, a systematic long-term study of its environmental and ecological state can provide a baseline of the current situation, which will be important for an assessment of future changes from their very onset, with consistent and comparable time series data underpinning and testing models and their projections. By establishing an Integrated East Antarctic Marine Research (IEAMaR) observatory, long-term changes in ocean dynamics, geochemistry, biodiversity, and ecosystem functions and services will be systematically explored and mapped through regular autonomous and ship-based synoptic surveys. An associated long-term ecological research (LTER) programme, including experimental and modelling work, will allow for studying climate-driven ecosystem changes and interactions with impacts arising from other anthropogenic activities. This integrative approach will provide a level of long-term data availability and ecosystem understanding that are imperative to determine, understand, and project the consequences of climate change and support a sound science-informed management of future conservation efforts in the Southern Ocean. |
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Programme |
137 |
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ISSN |
1726-4170 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8686 |
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Author |
F. Domine, M. Barrere, S. Morin |
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Title |
The growth of shrubs on high Arctic tundra at Bylot Island: impact on snow physical properties and permafrost thermal regime |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Biogeosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
23 |
Pages |
6471-6486 |
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Programme |
1042 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1726-4189 |
ISBN |
1726-4189 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6906 |
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