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. (2019). First odyssey beneath the sea ice of juvenile emperor penguins in East Antarctica (Vol. 609). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Keywords: Antarctic ecology Aptenodytes forsteri Diving behavior Emperor penguins Foraging ecology Juvenile behavior Oceanographic conditions Sea ice Thermocline
Programme: 109,394
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Malcolm O'Toole, Christophe Guinet, Mary-Anne Lea, Mark A. Hindell. (2017). Marine predators and phytoplankton: how elephant seals use the recurrent Kerguelen plume (Vol. 581). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Keywords: Dive behaviour Foraging strategy Kerguelen phytoplankton plume Mirounga leonina Prey access Prey encounter events
Programme: 109,1201
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Joffrey Jouma'a, Yves Le Bras, Baptiste Picard, Christophe Guinet. (2017). Three-dimensional assessment of hunting strategies in a deep diving predator, southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina (Vol. 573). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Keywords: Accelerometer Acousonde? Area restricted search Data mining Foraging Machine learning Spherical first passage time Unsupervised classification
Programme: 109
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. (2017). Flexibility in otherwise consistent non-breeding movements of a long-distance migratory seabird, the long-tailed skua (Vol. 578). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Keywords: Flexibility Individual consistency Non-breeding movements Repeatability Seabirds Stercorarius longicaudus Tracking
Programme: 1036
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Pierrat Benjamin, Saucde Thomas, Laffont Rmi, Ridder Chantal De, Festeau Alain, David Bruno, . (2012). Large-scale distribution analysis of Antarctic echinoids using ecological niche modelling
. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 463, 215–230.
Abstract: ABSTRACT: Understanding the factors that determine the distribution of taxa at various spatial scales is a crucial challenge in the context of global climate change. This holds particularly true for polar marine biota that are composed of both highly adapted and vulnerable faunas. We analysed the distribution of 2 Antarctic echinoid species, Sterechinus antarcticus and S. neumayeri, at the scale of the entire Southern Ocean using 2 niche modelling procedures. The performance of distribution models was tested with regard to the known ecology of the species. The respective contributions of environmental parameters are discussed along with the putative roles played by biotic interactions and biogeographic processes. Depth was the parameter that contributed most to both distribution models, whereas sea ice coverage and sea surface temperature had significant contributions for S. neumayeri only. Suitability maps of the 2 species were mostly similar, with a few notable differences. The Campbell Plateau and Tasmania were predicted as suitable areas for S. antarcticus only, while S. neumayeri was restricted to the south of the Antarctic Polar Front. However, numerous sampling data attest that S. antarcticus is absent from the Campbell Plateau and from Tasmania. Different hypotheses are formulated to explain the mismatch between observed and modelled distribution data. They stress the putative roles played by both oceanographic barriers to dispersal (Antarctic Polar Front), biotic factors (species exclusion patterns) and biogeographic processes (ongoing dispersal).
Programme: 1044;1124
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. (2011). Combining stable isotope analyses and geolocation to reveal kittiwake migration
. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 435, 251–261.
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. (2012). Research priorities for seabirds: improving conservation and management in the 21st century. 1613-4796, 17.
Abstract: Seabirds are facing a growing number of threats in both terrestrial and marine habitats, and many populations have experienced dramatic changes over past decades. Years of seabird research have improved our understanding of seabird populations and provided a broader understanding of marine ecological processes. In an effort to encourage future research and guide seabird conservation science, seabird researchers from 9 nations identified the 20 highest priority research questions and organized these into 6 general categories: (1) population dynamics, (2) spatial ecology, (3) tropho-dynamics, (4) fisheries interactions, (5) response to global change, and (6) management of anthropogenic impacts (focusing on invasive species, contaminants and protected areas). For each category, we provide an assessment of the current approaches, challenges and future directions. While this is not an exhaustive list of all research needed to address the myriad conservation challenges seabirds face, the results of this effort represent an important synthesis of current expert opinion across sub-disciplines within seabird ecology. As this synthesis highlights, research, in conjunction with direct management, education, and community engagement, can play an important role in facilitating the conservation and management of seabird populations and of the ocean ecosystems on which they and we depend.
Programme: 333;388
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Libois Quentin, Picard Ghislain, Dumont Marie, Arnaud Laurent, Sergent Claude, Pougatch Evelyne, Sudul Marcel, Vial David, . (2014). Experimental determination of the absorption enhancement parameter of snow
. Journal of Glaciology, 60(222), 714–724.
Abstract: In optical models snow is commonly treated as a disperse collection of particles. In this representation, the penetration depth of solar radiation is sensitive to the shape of the particles, in particular to the absorption enhancement parameter, B, that quantifies the lengthening
Keywords: SNOW, SNOW CHEMISTRY, SNOW PHYSICS, SNOW/ICE SURFACE PROCESSES,
Programme: 1110
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. (2012). Vibrations of Mertz Glacier ice tongue, East Antarctica
. Journal of Glaciology, 58(210), 665–676.
Abstract: At the time of its calving in February 2010, Mertz Glacier, East Antarctica, was characterized by a 145 km long, 35 km wide floating tongue. In this paper, we use GPS data from the Collaborative Research into Antarctic Calving and Iceberg Evolution (CRAC-ICE) 2007/08 and 2009/10 field seasons to investigate the dynamics of Mertz Glacier. Two months of data were collected at the end of the 2007/08 field season from two kinematic GPS stations situated on each side of the main rift of the glacier tongue and from rock stations located around the ice tongue during 2008/09. Using Precise Point Positioning with integer ambiguity fixing, we observe that the two GPS stations recorded vibrations of the ice tongue with several dominant periods. We compare these results with a simple elastic model of the ice tongue and find that the natural vibration frequencies are similar to those observed. This information provides a better understanding of their possible effects on rift propagation and hence on the glacier calving processes.
Programme: 688;1050
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Genthon, C.; Krinner, G.; Castebrunet, H. (2009). Antarctic precipitation and climate-change predictions: horizontal resolution and margin vs plateau issues. Annals of glaciology, 50, 55–60.
Abstract: All climate models participating in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, as made available by the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) as the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3 (CMIP3) archive, predict a significant surface warming of Antarctica by the end of the 21st century under a moderate (SRESA1B) greenhouse-gas scenario. All models but one predict a concurrent precipitation increase but with a large scatter of results. The models with finer horizontal resolution tend to predict a larger precipitation increase. Because modeled Antarctic surface mass balance is known to be sensitive to horizontal resolution, extrapolating predictions from the different models with respect to model resolution may provide simple yet better multi-model estimates of Antarctic precipitation change than mere averaging or even more complex approaches. Using such extrapolation, a conservative estimate of the predicted precipitation increase at the end of the 21st century is +30 kg m?2a?1 on the grounded ice sheet, corresponding to a >1 mm a?1 sea-level rise. About three-quarters of this rise originates from the marginal regions of the Antarctic ice sheet with surface elevation below 2250 m. This is where field programs are most urgently needed to better understand and monitor accumulation at the surface of Antarctica, and to improve and verify prediction models.
Programme: 411
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