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Author |
Philippe Ricaud, Paolo Grigioni, Romain Roehrig, Pierre Durand, Dana E. Veron |
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Title |
Trends in Atmospheric Humidity and Temperature above Dome C, Antarctica Evaluated from Observations and Reanalyses |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Atmosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
836 |
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Keywords |
meteorological reanalyses microwave radiometer precipitable water radiosondes SAM index temperature trends |
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Abstract |
The time evolution of humidity and temperature above Dome C (Antarctica) has been investigated by considering data from (1) meteorological radiosondes (2005–2017), (2) the microwave radiometer HAMSTRAD (2012–2017), (3) four modern meteorological reanalyses (1980–2017) and (4) the southern annular mode (SAM) index (1980–2017). From these observations (2005–2017), a significant moistening trend (0.08 ± 0.06 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant warming trend (1.08 ± 0.55 K dec−1) in summer. Conversely, a significant drying trend of −0.04 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1 (−0.05 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant cooling trend of −2.4 ± 1.2 K dec−1 (−5.1 ± 2.0 K dec−1) in autumn (winter), with no significant trends in the spring. We demonstrate that 1) the trends identified in the radiosondes (2005–2017) are also present in the reanalyses and 2) the multidecadal variability of integrated water vapor and near-surface temperature (1980–2017) is strongly influenced by variability in the SAM index for all seasons but spring. Our study suggests that the decadal trends observed in humidity and near-surface temperature at Dome C (2005–2017) reflect the multidecadal variability of the atmosphere, and are not indicative of long-term trends that may be related to global climate change. |
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Programme |
910 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2073-4433 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7838 |
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Author |
Anne-Sophie Bonnet-Lebrun, Maria P. Dias, Richard A. Phillips, José P. Granadeiro, M. de L. Brooke, Olivier Chastel, Thomas A. Clay, Annette L. Fayet, Olivier Gilg, Jacob González-Solís, Tim Guilford, Sveinn A. Hanssen, April Hedd, Audrey Jaeger, Johannes Krietsch, Johannes Lang, Matthieu Le Corre, Teresa Militão, Børge Moe, William A. Montevecchi, Hans-Ulrich Peter, Patrick Pinet, Matt J. Rayner, Tim Reid, José Manuel Reyes-González, Peter G. Ryan, Paul M. Sagar, Niels M. Schmidt, David R. Thompson, Rob van Bemmelen, Yutaka Watanuki, Henri Weimerskirch, Takashi Yamamoto, Paulo Catry |
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Title |
Seabird Migration Strategies: Flight Budgets, Diel Activity Patterns, and Lunar Influence |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Abstract |
Every year, billions of birds undertake extensive migrations between breeding and non-breeding areas, facing challenges that require behavioural adjustments, particularly to flight timing and duration. Such adjustments in daily activity patterns and the influence of extrinsic factors (e.g., environmental conditions, moonlight) have received much more research attention in terrestrial than marine migrants. Taking advantage of the widespread deployment in recent decades of combined light-level geolocator-immersion loggers, we investigated diel organisation and influence of the moon on flight activities during the non-breeding season of 21 migrant seabird species from a wide taxonomic range (6 families, 3 orders). Migrant seabirds regularly stopped (to either feed or rest) during migration, unlike some terrestrial and wetland birds which fly non-stop. We found an overall increase for most seabird species in time in flight and, for several species, also in flight bout duration, during migration compared to when resident at the non-breeding grounds. Additionally, several nocturnal species spent more of the day in flight during migration than at non-breeding areas, and vice versa for diurnal species. Nocturnal time in flight tended to increase during full moon, both during migration and at the non-breeding grounds, depending on species. Our study provides an extensive overview of activity patterns of migrant seabirds, paving the way for further research on the underlying mechanisms and drivers. |
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330,1036 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2296-7745 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8417 |
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Author |
Rob Harcourt, Ana M. M. Sequeira, Xuelei Zhang, Fabien Roquet, Kosei Komatsu, Michelle Heupel, Clive McMahon, Fred Whoriskey, Mark Meekan, Gemma Carroll, Stephanie Brodie, Colin Simpfendorfer, Mark Hindell, Ian Jonsen, Daniel P. Costa, Barbara Block, Mônica Muelbert, Bill Woodward, Mike Weise, Kim Aarestrup, Martin Biuw, Lars Boehme, Steven J. Bograd, Dorian Cazau, Jean-Benoit Charrassin, Steven J. Cooke, Paul Cowley, P. J. Nico de Bruyn, Tiphaine Jeanniard du Dot, Carlos Duarte, Víctor M. Eguíluz, Luciana C. Ferreira, Juan Fernández-Gracia, Kimberly Goetz, Yusuke Goto, Christophe Guinet, Mike Hammill, Graeme C. Hays, Elliott L. Hazen, Luis A. Hückstädt, Charlie Huveneers, Sara Iverson, Saifullah Arifin Jaaman, Kongkiat Kittiwattanawong, Kit M. Kovacs, Christian Lydersen, Tim Moltmann, Masaru Naruoka, Lachlan Phillips, Baptiste Picard, Nuno Queiroz, Gilles Reverdin, Katsufumi Sato, David W. Sims, Eva B. Thorstad, Michele Thums, Anne M. Treasure, Andrew W. Trites, Guy D. Williams, Yoshinari Yonehara, Mike A. Fedak |
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Title |
Animal-Borne Telemetry: An Integral Component of the Ocean Observing Toolkit |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in marine science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Animal Movement Animal movement analysis Animal telemetry EOV habitat use Ocean observing |
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Abstract |
Animal telemetry is a powerful tool for observing marine animals and the physical environments that they inhabit, from coastal and continental shelf ecosystems to polar seas and open oceans. Satellite-linked biologgers and networks of acoustic receivers allow animals to be reliably monitored over scales of tens of meters to thousands of kilometres, giving insight into their habitat use, home range size, the phenology of migratory patterns and the biotic and abiotic factors that drive their distributions. Furthermore, physical environmental variables can be collected using animals as autonomous sampling platforms, increasing spatial and temporal coverage of global oceanographic observation systems. The use of animal telemetry therefore has the capacity to provide measures from a suite of essential ocean variables (EOVs) for improved monitoring of Earth’s oceans. Here we outline the design features of animal telemetry systems, describe current applications and their benefits and challenges, and discuss future directions. We describe new analytical techniques that improve our ability to not only quantify animal movements but to also provide a powerful framework for comparative studies across taxa. We discuss the application of animal telemetry and its capacity to collect biotic and abiotic data, how the data collected can be incorporated into ocean observing systems, and the role these data can play in improved ocean management. |
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Programme |
109,1182,1201 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2296-7745 |
ISBN |
2296-7745 |
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Notes |
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yes |
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Serial |
7459 |
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Author |
Yan Ropert-Coudert, Andre Chiaradia, David Ainley, Andres Barbosa, P. Dee Boersma, Rebecka Brasso, Meagan Dewar, Ursula Ellenberg, Pablo García-Borboroglu, Louise Emmerson, Rachel Hickcox, Stephanie Jenouvrier, Akiko Kato, Rebecca Ruth McIntosh, Phoebe Lewis, Francisco Ramírez, Valeria Ruoppolo, Peter G. Ryan, Philip J. Seddon, Richard Brain Sherley, Ralph E. T. Vanstreels, Lauren J. Waller, Eric J. Woehler, Phil N. Trathan |
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Title |
Happy Feet in a Hostile World? The Future of Penguins Depends on Proactive Management of Current and Expected Threats |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
248 |
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Keywords |
Climate Change Fisheries mitigation pollution Spheniscidae threats |
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Abstract |
Penguins face a wide range of threats. Most observed population changes have been negative and have happened over the last 60 years. Today, populations of 11 of the 18 penguin species are decreasing. Here we present a review that synthesizes details of threats faced by the world’s 18 species of penguins. We discuss alterations to their environment at both breeding sites on land and at sea where they forage. The major drivers of change appear to be climate, and food web alterations by marine fisheries. In addition, we also consider other critical and/or emerging threats, namely human disturbance near nesting sites, pollution due to oil, plastics and chemicals such as mercury and persistent organic compounds. Finally, we assess the importance of emerging pathogens and diseases on the health of penguins. We suggest that in the context of climate change, habitat degradation, introduced exotic species and resource competition with fisheries, successful conservation outcomes will require new and unprecedented levels of science and advocacy. Successful conservation stories of penguin species across their geographical range have occurred where there has been concerted effort across local, national and international boundaries to implement effective conservation planning. |
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Programme |
1091 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2296-7745 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6955 |
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Author |
Yan Ropert-Coudert, Akiko Kato, Kozue Shiomi, Christophe Barbraud, Frédéric Angelier, Karine Delord, Timothée Poupart, Philippe Koubbi, Thierry Raclot |
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Title |
Two Recent Massive Breeding Failures in an Adélie Penguin Colony Call for the Creation of a Marine Protected Area in D'Urville Sea/Mertz |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
264 |
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Keywords |
Breeding Eco-indicating species extreme events foraging marine protected areas sea ice seabirds |
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Abstract |
In the d’Urville Sea in East Antarctica, a population of roughly 20,000 pairs of Adélie penguins of Iles des Pétrels (Terre Adélie) has experienced two massive breeding failures, with no chick surviving the 2013-14 and 2015-16 breeding seasons. In both seasons the extent of sea ice in front of the colony persisted throughout the breeding cycle of the birds. The timing of sea-ice recession differed greatly between seasons and the absence of polynya in a crucial phase of the cycle were paramount in driving these failures. The change in the icescape in front of Ile des Pétrels following the calving of the Mertz glacier in 2010, together with increase in precipitations and changes in sea-ice firmness explain this situation and are discussed in the present manuscript. To prevent additional future impacts on this colony, like competition with fisheries for instance, we strongly support a scientific research zone in the d'Urville Sea – Mertz area, one of the three zones of proposed Marine Protected Area in East Antarctica to the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources. |
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Programme |
1091 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2296-7745 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7519 |
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Author |
Karine Heerah, Sam L. Cox, Pierre Blevin, Christophe Guinet, Jean-Benoît Charrassin |
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Title |
Validation of Dive Foraging Indices Using Archived and Transmitted Acceleration Data: The Case of the Weddell Seal |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in ecology and evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
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Pages |
30 |
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Keywords |
accelerometers Bio-logging diving behaviour foraging movement ecology Satelite relayed data logger Sea-ice |
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Abstract |
Dive data collected from archival and satellite tags can provide valuable information on foraging activity via the characterisation of movement patterns (e.g. wiggles, hunting time). However, a lack of validation limits interpretation of what these metrics truly represent in terms of behaviour and how predators interact with prey. Head-mounted accelerometers have proven to be effective for detecting prey catch attempt (PrCA) behaviours, and thus can provide a more direct measure of foraging activity. However, device retrieval is typically required to access the high-resolution data they record, restricting use to animals returning to predictable locations. In this study, we present and validate data obtained from newly developed satellite-relay data tags, capable of remotely transmitting summaries of tri-axial accelerometer measurements. We then use these summaries to assess foraging metrics generated from dive data only. Tags were deployed on four female Weddell seals in November 2014 at Dumont d’Urville, and successfully acquired data over ~two months. Retrieved archival data for one individual, and transmitted data for four individuals were used to (1) compare and validate abstracted accelerometer transmissions against outputs from established processing procedures, and (2) assess the validity of previously developed dive foraging indices, calculated solely from time-depth measurements. We found transmitted estimates of PrCA behaviours were generally comparable to those obtained from archival processing, although a small but consistent positive bias was noted. Following this, dive foraging segments were identified either from (1) sinuosity in the trajectories of high-resolution depth archives, or (2) vertical speeds between low resolution transmissions of key depth inflection points along a dive profile. In both cases, more than 93% of the estimated PrCA behaviours (from either abstracted transmissions or archival processing) fell into inferred dive foraging segments (i.e. « hunting » segments), suggesting the two methods provide a reliable indicator of foraging effort. The validation of transmitted acceleration data and foraging indices derived from time-depth recordings for Weddell seals offers new avenues for the study of foraging activity and dive energetics. This is especially pertinent for species from which tag retrieval is challenging, but also for the post-processing of the numerous low-resolution dive datasets already available. |
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Programme |
109,1182 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2296-701X |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7516 |
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Author |
Cherel Yves, Quillfeldt Petra, Delord Karine, Weimerskirch Henri |
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Title |
Combination of At-Sea Activity, Geolocation and Feather Stable Isotopes Documents Where and When Seabirds Molt |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Frontiers in ecology and the environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-16 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
109 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1540-9295 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6493 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Scott D. Chambers, Susanne Preunkert, Rolf Weller, Sang-Bum Hong, Ruhi S. Humphries, Laura Tositti, Hélène Angot, Michel Legrand, Alastair G. Williams, Alan D. Griffiths, Jagoda Crawford, Jack Simmons, Taejin J. Choi, Paul B. Krummel, Suzie Molloy, Zoë Loh, Ian Galbally, Stephen Wilson, Olivier Magand, Francesca Sprovieri, Nicola Pirrone, Aurélien Dommergue |
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Title |
Characterizing Atmospheric Transport Pathways to Antarctica and the Remote Southern Ocean Using Radon-222 |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Antarctica atmospheric transport MBL Mercury Ozone Radon Southern Ocean Troposphere |
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Abstract |
We discuss remote terrestrial influences on boundary layer air over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica, and the mechanisms by which they arise, using atmospheric radon observations as a proxy. Our primary motivation was to enhance the scientific community’s ability to understand and quantify the potential effects of pollution, nutrient or pollen transport from distant land masses to these remote, sparsely-instrumented regions. Seasonal radon characteristics are discussed at 6 stations (Macquarie Island, King Sejong, Neumayer, Dumont d’Urville, Jang Bogo and Dome Concordia) using 1-4 years of continuous observations. Context is provided for differences observed between these sites by Southern Ocean radon transects between 45-67S made by the Research Vessel Investigator. Synoptic transport of continental air within the marine boundary layer (MBL) dominated radon seasonal cycles in the mid-Southern Ocean site (Macquarie Island). MBL synoptic transport, tropospheric injection, and Antarctic outflow all contributed to the seasonal cycle at the sub-Antarctic site (King Sejong). Tropospheric subsidence and injection events delivered terrestrially-influenced air to the Southern Ocean MBL in the vicinity of the circumpolar trough (or “Polar Front”). Katabatic outflow events from Antarctica were observed to modify trace gas and aerosol characteristics of the MBL 100-200 km off the coast. Radon seasonal cycles at coastal Antarctic sites were dominated by a combination of local radon sources in summer and subsidence of terrestrially-influenced tropospheric air, whereas those on the Antarctic Plateau were primarily controlled by tropospheric subsidence. Separate characterization of long-term marine and katabatic flow air masses at Dumont d’Urville revealed monthly mean differences in summer of up to 5 ppbv in ozone and 0.3 ng m-3 in gaseous elemental mercury. These differences were largely attributed to chemical processes on the Antarctic Plateau. A comparison of our observations with some Antarctic radon simulations by global climate models over the past two decades indicated that: (i) some models overestimate synoptic transport to Antarctica in the MBL, (ii) the seasonality of the Antarctic ice sheet needs to be better represented in models, (iii) coastal Antarctic radon sources need to be taken into account, and (iv) the underestimation of radon in subsiding tropospheric air needs to be investigated. |
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Programme |
1028 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2296-6463 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7846 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Karine Delord, Yves Cherel, Amédée Roy, Paco Bustamante, Kerrie M. Swadling, Henri Weimerskirch, Charles-André Bost, Christophe Barbraud |
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Title |
At-sea behavioural ecology of the endangered MacGillivray’s prion from Saint Paul Island: combining tracking and stable isotopes |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
697 |
Issue |
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Pages |
149-165 |
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Keywords |
Activity pattern At-sea distribution Bill width Geolocation GPS Pachyptila macgillivrayi Seabirds Southern Indian Ocean Trophic position |
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Abstract |
Seabirds play important roles as marine ecosystem sentinels. Studying their at-sea ecology is essential for understanding how environmental variability affects their populations. However, the at-sea ecology of small-sized temperate seabirds remains poorly studied. We explored the at-sea ecology of the Critically Endangered MacGillivray’s prion Pachyptila macgillivrayi breeding on the subtropical Saint Paul Island. Using global location sensor loggers and stable isotope analysis, we investigated movements, migratory strategies, at-sea activity and moulting period, and characterized the isotopic niche of tracked individuals. During incubation, MacGillivray’s prions remained in temperate waters north of the Subtropical Front, possibly feeding on prey caught in cold eddies. During the inter-breeding period, individuals wintered almost equally to the north and south of the Subtropical Front in 2 distinct sectors (Tasman Sea and Southwest Indian Ridge). Daily activity varied seasonally, and individuals overwintering in the Tasman Sea spent more time flying at night when moonlight intensity was high. Moulting occurred after the breeding period and lasted longer compared to other prion species. Isotopic data suggest a higher dietary proportion of low trophic-level prey for MacGillivray’s prions than for Antarctic and slender-billed prions, highlighting trophic segregation in relation to bill width. Our study provides new evidence to understand the suite of adaptations allowing the abundant prion species to coexist by feeding on prey of different sizes. Contrary to the majority of seabird species, MacGillivray’s prions from Saint Paul Island exhibited 2 migratory tactics with associated differences in at-sea activity, leading to questions about the origin of these differences. |
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Programme |
109,394 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
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Conference |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8564 |
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Author |
C. A. Bost, K. Delord, Y. Cherel, C. M. Miskelly, A. Carravieri, P. Bustamante, J. P. Y. Arnould, A. Fromant |
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Title |
Foraging trips and isotopic niche of chick-rearing South Georgian diving petrels from the Kerguelen Islands |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
689 |
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Pages |
169-177 |
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Keywords |
At-sea distribution Pelecanoides georgicus Procellariiformes Southern Ocean Trophic niche |
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Abstract |
Seabirds are central place foragers, relying on prey that is patchily distributed and of variable predictability. Species travelling at a high energetic cost are more strongly dependent on spatially predictable prey. This is the case for diving petrels Pelecanoides spp., which are small Procellariiformes that feed by pursuit diving and travel by flapping constantly. Despite their abundance and importance as zooplankton consumers, information on the foraging strategy of diving petrels is still lacking. The detailed at-sea movements and the trophic niche of the South Georgian diving petrel P. georgicus was investigated for the first time using miniaturized GPS and the stable isotope method, respectively. Overall, South Georgian diving petrels from the Kerguelen Islands performed unexpected, direct and long-distance trips (mean foraging range: 191-217 km) to the Antarctic Polar Front, south of the archipelago. This foraging ground is a productive and predictable area, where the birds stopped and fed at the distal part of their trip. Blood isotopic values indicate that the tracked birds fed consistently on macrozooplankton. Such a distant oceanic feeding strategy contrasts with the coastal foraging patterns of the closely related common diving petrel P. urinatrix. Commuting to a more distant but easily accessible resource allows South Georgian diving petrels to cope with their high commuting costs, and to segregate spatially from the sympatric common diving petrel during the breeding season. |
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Programme |
109,394 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8364 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
