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Author |
Angot H, Barret M, Magand O, Ramonet M, Dommergue A, |
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Title |
A 2-year record of atmospheric mercury species at a background Southern Hemisphere station on Amsterdam Island
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
20 |
Pages |
11461-11473 |
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Abstract |
Although essential to fully understand the cycling of mercury at the global scale, mercury species records in the Southern Hemisphere are scarce. Under the framework of the Global Mercury Observation System (GMOS) project, a monitoring station has been set up on Amsterdam Island (37°48´ S, 77°34´ E) in the remote southern Indian Ocean. For the first time in the Southern Hemisphere, a 2-year record of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) and particle-bound mercury (PBM) is presented. GEM concentrations were remarkably steady (1.03 ± 0.08 ng m−3) while RGM and PBM concentrations were very low and exhibited a strong variability (mean: 0.34 pg m−3, range: < detection limit–4.07 pg m−3; and mean: 0.67 pg m−3, range: < detection limit–12.67 pg m−3, respectively). Despite the remoteness of the island, wind sector analysis, air mass back trajectories and the observation of radonic storms highlighted a long-range contribution from the southern African continent to the GEM and PBM budgets from July to September during the biomass burning season. Low concentrations of GEM were associated with southerly polar and marine air masses from the remote southern Indian Ocean. This unique data set provides new baseline GEM concentrations in the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes while mercury speciation along with upcoming wet deposition data will help to improve our understanding of the mercury cycle in the marine boundary layer. |
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416,1028 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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Copernicus GmbH |
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ISSN |
1680-7316 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
5764 |
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Author |
Batenburg A M, Walter S, Pieterse G, Levin I, Schmidt M, Jordan A, Hammer S, Yver C, Röckmann T, |
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Title |
Temporal and spatial variability of the stable isotopic composition of atmospheric molecular hydrogen: observations at six EUROHYDROS stations
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Atmos. Chem. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
6985-6999 |
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Abstract |
Despite the potential of isotope measurements to improve our understanding of the global atmospheric molecular hydrogen (H2) cycle, few H2 isotope data have been published so far. Now, within the EUROpean network for atmospheric HYDRogen Observations and Studies project (EUROHYDROS), weekly to monthly air samples from six locations in a global sampling network have been analysed for H2 mixing ratio (m(H2)) and the stable isotopic composition of the H2 (δ(D,H2), hereafter referred to as δD). The time series thus obtained now cover one to five years for all stations. This is the largest set of ground station observations of δD so far. Annual average δD values are higher at the Southern Hemisphere (SH) than at the Northern Hemisphere (NH) stations; the maximum is observed at Neumayer (Antarctica), and the minimum at the non-arctic NH stations. The maximum seasonal differences in δD range from ≈18 ‰ at Neumayer to ≈45 ‰ at Schauinsland (Southern Germany); in general, seasonal variability is largest at the NH stations. The timing of minima and maxima differs per station as well. In Alert (Arctic Canada), the variations in δD and m(H2) can be approximated as simple harmonic functions with a ≈5-month relative phase shift. This out-of-phase seasonal behaviour of δD and m(H2) can also be detected, but delayed and with a ≈6-month relative phase shift, at Mace Head and Cape Verde. However, no seasonal δD cycle could be observed at Schauinsland, which likely reflects the larger influence of local sources and sinks at this continental station. At the two SH stations, no seasonal cycle could be detected in the δD data. If it is assumed that the sink processes are the main drivers of the observed seasonality in m(H2) and δD on the NH, the relative seasonal variations can be used to estimate the relative sink strength of the two major sinks, deposition to soils and atmospheric oxidation by the hydroxyl (OH) radical. For the NH coastal and marine stations this analysis suggests that the relative contribution of soil uptake to the total annual H2 removal increases with latitude.
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Programme |
416 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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Copernicus Publications |
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ISSN |
1680-7324 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1656 |
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Author |
Sirignano C, Neubert R E M, Rödenbeck C, Meijer H A J, |
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Title |
Atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide observations from two European coastal stations 20002005: continental influence, trend changes and APO climatology
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Atmos. Chem. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1599-1615 |
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Programme |
439 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
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ISSN |
1680-7324 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3221 |
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Author |
Chambodut A, LANGLAIS Benoit, Menvielle M, Thébault E, Chulliat A, Hulot G, |
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Title |
Candidate models for the IGRF 11th generation making use of extrapolated observatory data
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Earth Planets and Space |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
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Pages |
745 -751 |
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Abstract |
Three candidate models are produced in response to the call for IGRF-11 models. A main field model around epoch 2005.0 is based on one year of Oersted and CHAMP measurements, and is proposed for the definitive model for epoch 2005.0. A main field model around epoch 2009.5, based on two months of CHAMP measurements and extrapolated to 2010.0, is proposed as a main field model for epoch 2010.0. A secular variation model valid for 2010.0-2015.0, based on the extrapolation through exponential
smoothing of observatory monthly mean values, is proposed as a predictive secular variation model. Comparison of similar extrapolations made for previous IGRF generations with actual observations are presented and discussed. |
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Programme |
139;905 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1343-8832 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2464 |
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Author |
Thebault E, Chulliat A, Maus S, Hulot G, LANGLAIS Benoit, Chambodut A, Menvielle M, |
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Title |
IGRF candidate models at times of rapid changes in core field acceleration |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Earth Planet and Space |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
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Pages |
753 -763 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We submit three candidate models following the call for IGRF-11. We apply a simple modeling approach in spherical harmonics based on a quadratic Taylor expansion for the internal field time variations. We use the Dst magnetic index as a proxy for the external field variations. In order to compensate for the limitations incurred by such a conventional approach, we focus on the optimal selection of satellite data in space and time. We also show that some a priori knowledge about the core field state helps us to avoid the pitfall encountered in the case of rapid changes of core field accelerations. Indeed, various acceleration events of relevance for the IGRF 11th occurred between 2003 and 2010, one of them being a geomagnetic jerk. They could entail disagreements between IGRF candidate models for the secular variation (SV) if data prior to 2008 are used. Our SV and main field (MF) candidate models have a root mean square uncertainty less than 6 nT/yr and 8nT, respectively, with respect to the modeled magnetic field contributions. These values correspond to the intrinsic error associated with truncating SV and MF models to spherical harmonic degree 8 and 13, respectively, as requested for IGRF models. |
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Programme |
139 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1343-8832 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1537 |
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Author |
Grémillet David, Puech William, Garçon Véronique, Boulinier Thierry, Le Maho Yvon, |
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Title |
Robots in ecology: welcome to the machine
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Open journal of ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
49-57 |
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Keywords |
Animal Behavior;Biodiversity Monitoring;Autonomous Vehicle;Drone;Cyborg;Population Biology;Robot Ethics;Robotics Network, |
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Abstract |
Robots have primarily been developed for warfare, yet they also serve peaceful purposes. Their use in Ecology is in its infancy, but they may soon become essential tools in a broad variety of eco-logical sub-disciplines. Autonomous robots, in particular drones sent to previously inaccessi-ble areas, have revolutionized data acquisition, not only for abiotic parameters, but also for re-cording the behavior of undisturbed animals and collecting biological material. Robots will also play an essential role in population Ecology, as they will allow for automatic census of indi-viduals through image processing, or via detec-tion of animals marked electronically. These new technologies will enable automated experimen-tation for increasingly large sample sizes, both in the laboratory and in the field. Finally, inter-active robots and cyborgs are becoming major players in modern studies of animal behavior. Such rapid progress nonetheless raises ethical, environmental, and security issues.
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Programme |
333 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2162-1985 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3958 |
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Author |
Gilg, O., B. Sittler, And I. Hanski. |
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Title |
Will Collared Lemmings and their predators be the first vertebrates to “fall over the cliff” in Greenland due to global climate changes? in R. T. Watson, G. Hunt, T. J. Cade, M. Fuller, and E. Potapov (Eds.). Gyrfalcons and ptarmigan in a changing world. The Peregrine Fund, Boise, Idaho, USA. |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
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Abstract |
The high-Arctic has the world’s simplest terrestrial vertebrate predator-prey community, with the collared lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) being the single main prey of four predators, the Snowy Owl (Bubo scandiacus), Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), Long-tailed Skua (Stercorarius longicaudus), and stoat (Mustela erminea). Using a 20-year time series and a model that has been previously parameterized with data from northeast Greenland, we analysed the population and community level consequences of the ongoing and predicted climate change. Species’ responses are complex, because in addition to the direct effects of climate change, which vary depending on species’ life histories, species are affected indirectly through interactions with their prey and predator species. The lemming-predator community exemplifies these complications, yet a robust conclusion emerges: in practically all scenarios and for the ranges of parameter values examined, climate change increases the length of the lemming population cycle and decreases the maximum densities reached during the fluctuations. The latter change, in particular, is detrimental to populations of their predators, which are adapted to make use of the years of prey abundance. Indeed, in northeast Greenland, even the Gyrfalcon is strongly dependent on lemmings, for the densities of larger prey as Arctic hare and ptarmigan are too low in most years.
Therefore, climate change will indirectly induce a decline in predators’ reproductive success and population densities, and may ultimately lead to local extinctions of some of the predator species. Based on these results, we conclude that the recent anomalous observations of lemming population dynamics may well be the first signs of a severe impact of climate change on the lemming-predator communities in northeast Greenland and presumably also elsewhere in the high-Arctic |
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Programme |
1036 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3342 |
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Author |
Ronan Autret, Serge Suanez, Bernard Fichaut, Samuel Etienne |
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Title |
Elaboration d’une typologie des dépôts de blocs supratidaux de sommets de falaise de la péninsule de Reykjanes (Islande); Development of a typology of cliff-top storm deposits of the Rekjanes Peninsula (Iceland) |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
vol. 22 – n° 1 |
Pages |
61-76 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Cette étude porte sur la répartition et la morphologie des dépôts grossiers de tempêtes (25,6 cm ≤ l ≤ 820 cm) qui se trouvent en retrait du sommet des falaises de la péninsule de Reykjanes, au sud-ouest de l’Islande. Les 35 km de linéaire côtier sur lesquels porte ce travail sont constitués de falaises, hautes au maximum de 15 mètres, taillées dans un substrat basaltique postglaciaire d’âge compris entre 14 500 et 800 ans BP. L’origine de ces dépôts est marine et est attribuée à l’action des vagues engendrées par les dépressions atlantiques, vagues dont les hauteurs significatives pour une période de retour de 100 ans atteignent 17,4 mètres dans ce secteur. Entre les mois d’avril et juin 2014, un travail de terrain a permis d’étudier 35 accumulations supratidales de blocs à partir d’observations qualitatives et de relevés topomorphologiques. L’analyse de ces données montre que l’altitude du sommet des falaises n’est pas un facteur limitant à la formation de ces dépôts sur la péninsule de Reykjanes. Au contraire, le contexte lithostructural des coulées de lave et les spécificités hydrodynamiques locales qui influent sur la morphologie des falaises sont prédominantes dans la formation et la disposition des différents types d’accumulations. The present study focuses on the distribution and morphology of cliff-top storm deposits (CTSD) in the Reykjanes Peninsula in southwest Iceland. The study area stretches over a 35 kilometre coastline and consists mainly of cliffs not exceeding 15 m, cut into post-glacial lava beds aged 14 500 to 800 yr BP. The origin of these deposits cannot be related to tsunamis since none has been recorded in this area within this period. It is due to the action of North Atlantic waves whose significant height, measured between 1994 and 2004, can reach 17.4 m in this area. During a field survey from April to June, 2014, 35 CTSD sites were studied mainly through qualitative observations and topomorphological measurements. The analysis of the data shows that the organisation and distribution of CTSD in the Reykjanes peninsula do not depend on the cliff height. In contrast, the lithostructural characteristics of the lava beds and local variations in hydrodynamism, both of which determine the morphology of cliffs, appear to be decisive factors in explaining these aspects of CTSD in this area. |
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Programme |
1216 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1266-5304 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7725 |
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Author |
Hemery Lenaïg, Améziane Nadia, Eleaume Marc, |
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Title |
Circumpolar dataset of sequenced specimens of Promachocrinus kerguelensis (Echinodermata, Crinoidea)
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
ZOOKEYS |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
315 |
Issue |
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Pages |
55-64 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1044;1124 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1313-2970 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
4303 |
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Author |
Pierrat Benjamin, Saucède Thomas, Festeau Alain, David Bruno, |
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Title |
Antarctic, Sub-Antarctic and cold temperate echinoid database
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
ZOOKEYS |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
204 |
Issue |
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Pages |
47-52 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1044 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
1313-2989 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
4238 |
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