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N. Ribeiro, L. Herraiz-Borreguero, S. R. Rintoul, C. R. McMahon, M. Hindell, R. Harcourt, G. Williams |
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Warm Modified Circumpolar Deep Water Intrusions Drive Ice Shelf Melt and Inhibit Dense Shelf Water Formation in Vincennes Bay, East Antarctica |
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Year |
2021 |
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Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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126 |
Issue |
8 |
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e2020JC016998 |
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Keywords |
AABW Antarctic Coastal Circulation Antarctic Margins basal melt mCDW intrusions seal CTD |
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109 |
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2169-9291 |
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8211 |
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Title |
Constraining 20th-Century Sea-Level Rise in the South Atlantic Ocean |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
126 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
e2020JC016970 |
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Keywords |
data rescue salt-marsh proxies sea-level changes South Atlantic tide gauges |
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688 |
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2169-9291 |
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8603 |
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Author |
Afsaneh Mohammadzaheri, Karin Sigloch, Kasra Hosseini, Mitchell G. Mihalynuk |
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Title |
Subducted Lithosphere Under South America From Multifrequency P Wave Tomography |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
126 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
e2020JB020704 |
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Keywords |
Andes intra-arc intra-oceanic subduction seismic tomography South America structure of the mantel |
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133 |
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2169-9356 |
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7991 |
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Author |
Jun Xie, Risheng Chu, Sidao Ni |
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Title |
Evaluating Global Tomography Models With Antipodal Ambient Noise Cross-Correlation Functions |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
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126 |
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3 |
Pages |
e2020JB020444 |
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Keywords |
ambient noise cross-correlation functions antipodal surface waves mantle heterogeneity tomography model evaluation |
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133 |
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2169-9356 |
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7993 |
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Title |
Fate of Springtime Atmospheric Reactive Mercury: Concentrations and Deposition at Zeppelin, Svalbard |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
ACS Earth and Space Chemistry |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
3234-3246 |
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1028 |
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Serial |
8361 |
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Author |
Alain Manceau, Romain Brossier, Sarah E. Janssen, Tylor J. Rosera, David P. Krabbenhoft, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante, Brett A. Poulin |
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Title |
Mercury Isotope Fractionation by Internal Demethylation and Biomineralization Reactions in Seabirds: Implications for Environmental Mercury Science |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
55 |
Issue |
20 |
Pages |
13942-13952 |
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109 |
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0013-936X |
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8427 |
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Title |
A Bad Start in Life? Maternal Transfer of Legacy and Emerging Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances to Eggs in an Arctic Seabird |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
56 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
6091-6102 |
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Abstract |
In birds, maternal transfer is a major exposure route for several contaminants, including poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Little is known, however, about the extent of the transfer of the different PFAS compounds to the eggs, especially for alternative fluorinated compounds. In the present study, we measured legacy and emerging PFAS, including Gen-X, ADONA, and F-53B, in the plasma of prelaying black-legged kittiwake females breeding in Svalbard and the yolk of their eggs. We aimed to (1) describe the contaminant levels and patterns in both females and eggs, and (2) investigate the maternal transfer, that is, biological variables and the relationship between the females and their eggs for each compound. Contamination of both females and eggs were dominated by linPFOS then PFUnA or PFTriA. We notably found 7:3 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid?a precursor of long-chain carboxylates?in 84% of the egg yolks, and provide the first documented finding of ADONA in wildlife. Emerging compounds were all below the detection limit in female plasma. There was a linear association between females and eggs for most of the PFAS. Analyses of maternal transfer ratios in females and eggs suggest that the transfer is increasing with PFAS carbon chain length, therefore the longest chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) were preferentially transferred to the eggs. The mean ?PFAS in the second-laid eggs was 73% of that in the first-laid eggs. Additional effort on assessing the outcome of maternal transfers on avian development physiology is essential, especially for PFCAs and emerging fluorinated compounds which are under-represented in experimental studies. |
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330 |
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0013-936X |
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Serial |
8315 |
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Author |
Alain Manceau, Anne-Claire Gaillot, Pieter Glatzel, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
55 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1515-1526 |
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Abstract |
In vivo and in vitro evidence for detoxification of methylmercury (MeHg) as insoluble mercury selenide (HgSe) underlies the central paradigm that mercury exposure is not or little hazardous when tissue Se is in molar excess (Se:Hg > 1). However, this hypothesis overlooks the binding of Hg to selenoproteins, which lowers the amount of bioavailable Se that acts as a detoxification reservoir for MeHg, thereby underestimating the toxicity of mercury. This question was addressed by determining the chemical forms of Hg in various tissues of giant petrels Macronectes spp. using a combination of high energy-resolution X-ray absorption near edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy coupled to elemental mapping. Three main Hg species were identified, a MeHg-cysteinate complex, a four-coordinate selenocysteinate complex (Hg(Sec)4), and a HgSe precipitate, together with a minor dicysteinate complex Hg(Cys)2. The amount of HgSe decreases in the order liver > kidneys > brain = muscle, and the amount of Hg(Sec)4 in the order muscle > kidneys > brain > liver. On the basis of biochemical considerations and structural modeling, we hypothesize that Hg(Sec)4 is bound to the carboxy-terminus domain of selenoprotein P (SelP) which contains 12 Sec residues. Structural flexibility allows SelP to form multinuclear Hgx(Se,Sec)y complexes, which can be biomineralized to HgSe by protein self-assembly. Because Hg(Sec)4 has a Se:Hg molar ratio of 4:1, this species severely depletes the stock of bioavailable Se for selenoprotein synthesis and activity to one ?g Se/g dry wet in the muscle of several birds. This concentration is still relatively high because selenium is naturally abundant in seawater, therefore it probably does not fall below the metabolic need for essential selenium. However, this study shows that this may not be the case for terrestrial animals, and that muscle may be the first tissue potentially injured by Hg toxicity. |
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109 |
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0013-936X |
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7942 |
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Title |
Contrasting Spatial and Seasonal Trends of Methylmercury Exposure Pathways of Arctic Seabirds: Combination of Large-Scale Tracking and Stable Isotopic Approaches |
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Year |
2021 |
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Environmental Science & Technology |
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Volume |
54 |
Issue |
21 |
Pages |
13619-13629 |
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388 |
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0013-936X |
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8023 |
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Title |
Evolution of the Cook Ice Cap (Kerguelen Islands) between the last centuries and 2100 ce based on cosmogenic dating and glacio-climatic modelling |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Antarctic Science |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
301-317 |
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Keywords |
degree-day glaciological model future projections glacial fluctuations in situ cosmogenic chlorine-36 dating moraines sub-Antarctic islands |
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Abstract |
The Cook Ice Cap (CIC) on the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands recently experienced extremely negative surface mass balance. Further deglaciation could have important impacts on endemic and invasive fauna and flora. To put this exceptional glacier evolution into a multi-centennial-scale context, we refined the evolution of the CIC over the last millennium, investigated the associated climate conditions and explored its potential evolution by 2100 ce. A glaciological model, constrained by cosmic ray exposure dating of moraines, historical documents and recent direct mass balance observations, was used to simulate the ice-cap extents during different phases of advance and retreat between the last millennium and 2100 ce. Cosmogenic dating suggests glacial advance around the early Little Ice Age (LIA), consistent with findings from other sub-Antarctic studies, and the rather cold and humid conditions brought about by the negative phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). This study contributes to our currently limited understanding of palaeoclimate for the early LIA in the southern Indian Ocean. Glaciological modelling and observations confirm the recent decrease in CIC extent linked to the intensification of the SAM. Although affected by large uncertainties, future simulations suggest a complete disappearance of CIC by the end of the century. |
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0954-1020, 1365-2079 |
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8187 |
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