Viblanc V.A., Schull Q.; Stier A., Durand L., Lefol E., Robin J.-P., Zahn S., Bize P., Criscuolo F. (2020). Foster rather than biological parental telomere length predicts offspring survival and telomere length in king penguins.
Abstract: Because Telomere Length (Tl) And Dynamics Relate To Growth, Reproductive Investment And Survival, Telomeres Might Be Markers Of Individual Quality. In The King Penguin, We Tested The Hypothesis That Parental Tl Can Be A Marker Of Parental Quality. We Swapped The Egg Of Breeding Pairs To Disentangle The Contribution Of Pre And/or Post -Laying Parental Quality On Chick’s Growth, Tl And Survival. Parental Quality Was Estimated Through The Effects Of Biological And Foster Parent Tl On Offspring Traits, 10 Or 105 Days After Hatching. We Show That Chick Survival Up To 10 Days Was Negatively Related To Biological Fathers’ Tl Whereas Survival Up To 105 Days Was Positively Related To Foster Fathers’ Tl. Chick Growth Was Not Related To Parents’ Tl. Chick Tl Was Positively Related To Foster Mothers’ Tl At Both 10 And 105 Days. Overall, We Show That, In A Species With Bi-parental Care, Parents’ Tl Is Foremost A Proxy Of Parental Care Quality, Supporting The Telomere &Ndash; Parental Quality Hypothesis.
Programme: 119
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Angot, H., Dommergue, A., Magand, O., Helmig, D., Pirrone, N., and Sprovieri, F. (2015). Year-round record of gaseous mercury in air and snow: new insights into mercury reactivity in Central Antarctica (Dome C).
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Mccoy, Kd. (2021). Tick and tick-borne disease circulation in a changing marine ecosystem.
Abstract: This Book Brings Together Expert Opinions From Scientists To Consider The Evidence For Climate Change And Its Impacts On Ticks And Tick-borne Infections, And Provide Predictions For The Future. It Considers What Is Meant By 'Climate Change', How Good Are Climate Models Relevant To Ecosystems, And Predictions For Changes In Climate At Global, Regional, And Local Scales Relevant For Ticks And Tick-borne Infections. It Examines Changes To Tick Distribution And The Evidence That Climate Change Is Responsible. The Effect Of Climate On The Physiology And Metabolism Of Ticks, Including Potentially Critical Impacts On The Tick Microbiome Is Stressed. Given That The Notoriety Of Ticks Derives From Pathogens They Transmit, Do Changes In Climate Affect Vector Capacity? Ticks Transmit A Remarkable Range Of Micro- And Macro-parasites Many Of Which Are Pathogens Of Humans And Domesticated Animals. The Intimacy Between Tick-borne Agent And Tick Vector Means That Any Impacts Of Climate On A Tick Vector Will Impact Tick-borne Pathogens. Most Obviously, Such Impacts Will Be Apparent As Changes In Disease Incidence And Prevalence. The Evidence That Climate Change Is Affecting Diseases Caused By Tick-borne Pathogens Is Considered, Along With The Potential To Make Robust Predictions Of Future Events.
Programme: 333
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Willener A.S.T., Handrich Y., Halsey L.G. & S. Strike. (2016). Fat king Penguins are less Steady on their feet.. Plos one, 11(2), e0147784.
Abstract: Returning to the shore after a feeding sojourn at sea, king penguins often undertake a relatively long terrestrial journey to the breeding colony carrying a heavy, mostly frontal, accumulation of fat along with food in the stomach for chick-provisioning. There they must survive a fasting period of up to a month in duration, during which their complete reliance on endogenous energy stores results in a dramatic loss in body mass. Our aim was to determine if the king penguin’s walking gait changes with variations in body mass. We investigated this by walking king penguins on a treadmill while instrumented with an acceleration data logger. The stride frequency, dynamic body acceleration (DBA) and posture of fat (pre-fasting; 13.2 kg) and slim (post fasting; 11 kg) king penguins were assessed while they walked at the same speed (1.4km/h) on a treadmill. Paired statistical tests indicated no evidence for a difference in dynamic body acceleration or stride frequency between the two body masses however there was substantially less variability in both leaning angle and the leaning amplitude of the body when the birds were slimmer. Furthermore, there was some evidence that the slimmer birds exhibited a decrease in waddling amplitude. We suggest the increase in variability of both leaning angle and amplitude, as well as a possibly greater variability in the waddling amplitude, is likely to result from the frontal fat accumulation when the birds are heavier, which may move the centre of mass anteriorly, resulting in a less stable upright posture. This study is the first to use accelerometry to better understand the gait of a species within a specific ecological context: the considerable body mass change exhibited by king penguins.
Programme: 394
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Bazin, L., Landais, A., Lemieux-Dudon, B., Toyé Mahamadou Kele, H., Veres, D., Parrenin, F., Martinerie, P., Ritz, C., Capron, E., Lipenkov, V., Loutre, M.-F., Raynaud, D., Vinther, B., Svensson, A., Rasmussen, S. O., Severi, M., Blunier, T., Leuenberger, M., Fischer, H., Masson-Delmotte, V., Chappellaz, J., and Wolff, E. (2013). An optimized multi-proxy, multi-site Antarctic ice and gas orbital chronology (AICC2012): 120–800 ka. Clim. Past, 9, 1715–1731.
Abstract: An accurate and coherent chronological framework is essential for the interpretation of climatic and environmental records obtained from deep polar ice cores. Until now, one common ice core age scale had been developed based on an inverse dating method (Datice), combining glaciological modelling with absolute and stratigraphic markers between 4 ice cores covering the last 50 ka (thousands of years before present) (Lemieux-Dudon et al., 2010).
In this paper, together with the companion paper of Veres et al. (2013), we present an extension of this work back to 800 ka for the NGRIP, TALDICE, EDML, Vostok and EDC ice cores using an improved version of the Datice tool. The AICC2012 (Antarctic Ice Core Chronology 2012) chronology includes numerous new gas and ice stratigraphiclinks as well as improved evaluation of background and associated variance scenarios. This paper concentrates on the long timescales between 120–800 ka.In this framework,new measurements ofδ18O atm over Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11–12 on EDC and a complete δ18O atm record of the TALDICE ice cores permit us to derive additional orbital gas age constraints. The coherency of the different orbitally deduced ages (from δ18O atm,δO2/N2 and air content has been verified before implementation in AICC2012.
The new chronology is now independent of other archives and shows only small differences, most of the time within the original uncertainty range calculated by Datice, when compared with the previous ice core reference age scale EDC3, the Dome F chronology, or using a comparison between speleothems and methane. For instance, the largest deviation between AICC2012 and EDC3 (5.4 ka) is obtained around MIS 12. Despite significant modifications of the chronological constraints around MIS 5, now independent of speleothem records in AICC2012, the date of Termination II is very close to the EDC3 one
Programme: 902
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Ellis L T, Asthana A K, Sahu V, Srivastava A, Bednarek-Ochyra H, Ochyra R, Chlachula J, Colotti M T, Schiavone M M, Hradilek Z, Jimenez M S, Klama H, Lebouvier M, Natcheva R, Pócs T, Porley R D, Sérgio C, Sim-Sim M, Smith V R, Söderström L, Ştefănuţ S, Suárez G M, Váňa J, . (2012). New national and regional bryophyte records, 28
. J. Bryol., 33(3), 237–247.
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Massé G., Belt S., Crosta, X., Schmidt S., Snape, I., Thomas, D.N., Rowland S.J. (2011). Highly branched isoprenoids as proxies for variable sea ice conditions in the Southern Ocean. Antarct. Sci., .
Abstract: Concentrations of a highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) diene determined in over 200 sediment samples from the Arctic co-vary with those of an HBI monoene (IP25) shown previously to be a sedimentary sea ice proxy for the Arctic. The same diene, but not monoene IP25, occurred in nine sea ice samples collected from various locations around Antarctica. The diene has been reported previously in Antarctic sea ice diatoms and the 13C isotopic compositions of the diene determined in two Antarctic sea ice samples were also consistent with an origin from sea ice diatoms (δ13C -5.7 to -8.5‰). In contrast, HBIs found in two Antarctic phytoplankton samples did not include the diene but comprised a number of tri- to pentaenes. In sediment samples collected near Adélie Land, East Antarctica, both the diene and the tri- to pentaenes often co-occurred. 13C isotopic compositions of the tri- to pentaenes in three sediment samples ranged from -35 to -42‰ whereas that of the diene in a sediment sample was -18‰. We propose the presence of this isotopically 13C enriched HBI diene in Antarctic sediments to be a useful proxy indicator for contributions of organic matter derived from sea ice diatoms. A ratio of the concentrations of diene/trienes might reflect the relative contributions of sea ice to phytoplanktonic inputs of organic matter to Antarctic sediments.
Programme: 1010
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Ochyra Ryszard, Lebouvier Marc, Cykowska-Marzencka Beata, . (2014). Bryophytes of Île Amsterdam in the South Indian Ocean: 1. Liverworts
. 1290-0796, 35(4), 335–371.
Abstract: The liverworts of Île Amsterdam are surveyed. On the basis of historical collections and specimens collected on the island in 2006 and 2007 some 29 species and one variety belonging to 18 families have been recorded. This means that in comparison with the last survey of the island's hepatics, in 2002, the number of taxa has been nearly doubled. Of these, eight taxa are recorded for the first time from the island, namely Kurzia capillaris (Sw.) Grolle subsp. Stephanii (Renauld ex Steph.) Pós, Adelanthus lindenbergianus (Lehm.) Mitt., Syzygiella colorata (Lehm.) K.Feldberg, Váňa, Hentschel et J.Heinrichs, S. sonderi (Gottsche) K.Feldberg, Váňa, Hentschel et J.Heinrichs, Cephaloziella varians (Gottsche) Steph., Anastrophyllum auritum (Lehm.) Steph., Andrewsianthus marionensis (S.W.Arnell) Grolle and Heterogemma patagonica (Herzog et Grolle) L.Söderstr. et Váňa, whilst Aneura subcanaliculata R.M.Schust. is excluded from the island's hepatic flora. Two taxa, Kurzia capillaris subsp. Stephanii and Gymnomitrion subintegrum (S.W.Arnell) Váňa, are illustrated, and maps of global distribution are presented for Plagiochila minutula (Hook.f. et Taylor) Gottsche, Lindenb. et Nees, Andrewsianthus marionensis, Heterogemma patagonica, Mnioloma fuscum and Gymnomitrion subintegrum. The liverwort flora is distinctly south-temperate to tropical and these two main distribution patterns consist of 12 and eight species, respectively. The subantarctic element is represented by only three species, two species are endemic or near-endemic and five bipolar. Two names, Riccardia insularis Schiffn. and R. novo-amstelodamensis Schiffn., are lectotypified.
Programme: 136
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Ochyra Ryszard, Zander Richard H, Lebouvier Marc, . (2014). Antipodal Mosses: XVIII. Syntrichia christophei (Pottiaceae), a New Species from Subantarctic Îles Kerguelen
. CRYPTOGAMIE BRYOLOGIE, 35(1), 37–46.
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Vijver Bart Van De, Cox Eileen J, . (2015). Fallacia emmae sp. nov., (Bacillariophyta) a New Soil-Inhabiting Diatom Species from the Sub-Antarctic Region. Cryptogam., Algol., 36(3), 245–254.
Abstract: During a survey of the diatom flora of some caves on Île de la Possession, the main island of the Crozet archipelago, a small, unusual naviculoid taxon was observed, initially identified as Fallacia lenzii. The new taxon is described as Fallacia emmae but it shows features of two related genera: Fallacia and Germainiella. Thorough morphological research revealed details that, on the one hand, contradicted its placement in Fallacia, such as the relatively low number of poroids on the conopeum, the absence of external canal apertures beside the raphe slit (Fallacia-feature), and striae that are composed of one slit-like areola (Germainiella-feature). The morphology and taxonomy of the new taxon are discussed and questions are raised about the validity of genera recently split off from the genus Navicula on the basis of one, or occasionally two, morphological features.
Programme: 136
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