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Author |
Arnal Audrey, Vittecoq Marion, Pearce-Duvet Jessica, Gauthier-Clerc Michel, Boulinier Thierry, Jourdain Elsa, |
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Title |
Laridae: A neglected reservoir that could play a major role in avian influenza virus epidemiological dynamics
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Critical Reviews in Microbiology |
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1-12 |
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Abstract |
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are of great concern worldwide due to their economic impact and the threat they represent to human health. As wild birds are the natural reservoirs of AIVs, understanding AIV dynamics in different avian taxa is essential for deciphering the epidemiological links between wildlife, poultry and humans. To date, only the Anatidae (ducks, geese and swans) have been widely studied. Here, we aim to shed light on the current state of knowledge on AIVs in Laridae (gulls, terns and kittiwakes) versus that in Anatidae by setting forth four fundamental questions: how, when, where and to which host species are AIVs transmitted? First, we describe ecological differences between Laridae and Anatidae and discuss how they may explain observed contrasts in preferential transmission routes and the evolution of specific AIV subtypes. Second, we highlight the dissimilarities in the temporal patterns of AIV shedding between Laridae and Anatidae and address the role that immunity likely plays in shaping these patterns. Third, we underscore that Laridae may be key in promoting intercontinental exchanges of AIVs. Finally, we emphasize the crucial epidemiological position that Laridae occupy between wildlife, domestic birds and humans. |
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333 |
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Informa Healthcare |
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1040-841X |
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yes |
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Serial |
4957 |
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Author |
Willener Astrid S T, Halsey Lewis G, Strike Siobhán, Enstipp Manfred R, Georges Jean-Yves, Handrich Yves, |
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Title |
Reassessment of the cardio-respiratory stress response, using the king penguin as a model
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Stress |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
115-120 |
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Abstract |
AbstractResearch in to short-term cardio-respiratory changes in animals in reaction to a psychological stressor typically describes increases in rate of oxygen consumption and heart rate. Consequently, the broad consensus is that they represent a fundamental stressor response generalizable across adult species. However, movement levels can also change in the presence of a stressor, yet studies have not accounted for this possible confound on heart rate. Thus the direct effects of psychological stressors on the cardio-respiratory system are not resolved. We used an innovative experimental design employing accelerometers attached to king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) to measure and thus account for movement levels in a sedentary yet free-to-move animal model during a repeated measures stress experiment. As with previous studies on other species, incubating king penguins (N?=?6) exhibited significant increases in both and heart rate when exposed to the stressor. However, movement levels, while still low, also increased in response to the stressor. Once this was accounted for by comparing periods of time during the control and stress conditions when movement levels were similar as recorded by the accelerometers, only significantly increased; there was no change in heart rate. These findings offer evidence that changing movement levels have an important effect on the measured stress response and that the cardio-respiratory response per se to a psychological stressor (i.e. the response as a result of physiological changes directly attributable to the stressor) is an increase in without an increase in heart rate. |
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394 |
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Taylor & Francis |
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1025-3890 |
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yes |
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6092 |
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Author |
Christoph Kittel, Xavier Fettweis, Ghislain Picard, Noel Gourmelen |
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Title |
Assimilation of satellite-derived melt extent increases melt simulated by MAR over the Amundsen sector (West Antarctica) |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège |
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Volume |
78 |
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Pages |
87-99 |
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Abstract |
La fonte de surface sur les plateformes de glace en Antarctique est l'une des plus grandes incertitudes liées à l'augmentation du niveau de la mer pendant le 21e siècle. Cependant, les modèles climatiques actuels peinent encore à la représenter avec précision, ce qui limite la compréhension des processus expliquant sa variabilité spatiale et temporelle et ses conséquences sur la stabilité de l’inlandsis de l’Antarctique. Les progrès récents de surveillance de la Terre grâce aux satellites ont permis de créer de nouvelles estimations de l'étendue de la fonte en Antarctique. Ceux-ci peuvent détecter si et où la fonte se produit, tandis que la quantité d'eau de fonte produite ne peut par contre être déduite que de simulations climatiques. Afin de combiner les avantages des deux outils, nous présentons de nouvelles estimations de la fonte basées sur un modèle climatique régional assimilant l'étendue de la fonte dérivée des satellites. Cela améliore la comparaison entre les estimations du modèle et du satellite, ouvrant ainsi la voie à une ré-estimation de la quantité de fonte produite chaque année à la surface de l'ensemble de l'inlandsis de l’Antarctique. |
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1110 |
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0770-7576, 2507-0711 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8329 |
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Author |
Van Vliet-Lanoë Brigitte, Guðmundsson Agust, Guillou Hervé, Guégan Soléne, van Loon A, De Vleeschouwer François, |
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Title |
Glacial Terminations II and I as recorded in NE Iceland
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Geologos |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
201 -222 |
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Abstract |
Volcanism in eastern Iceland has controlled the changes in glacier- and river-drainage patterns and the sedimentary budget, particularly during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. The glacial extent in NE Iceland appears to be related to the impact of volcanic activity, not only on the ice-stream dynamics, but also on the sedimentary successions. Analysis of the Jökuldalur and Jökulsa á Brù records results in a new interpretation of the changes in ice extent and flow direction for at least the last two glaciations. From MIS 8 onward, the development of the Snæfell volcano apparently forced the ice stream that derived from the Vatnajökull ice cap to take another course; it also affected the offshore sedimentary budgets at the new outlet at Vopnafjördur. The MIS 6 ice sheet was thick and extensive, and associated with an ice-stream diversion to the North. The thick sedimentary complex of palaeolake Halslón was formed close to an outlet of the Vatnajökull, the Brùarjökull, during Termination II and a part of the MIS 5e interglacial.The deposits formed during MIS 5e record two climate optima interrupted by two successive glacial advances correlated with the mid-Eemian cooling. The deposits of the Weichselian deglaciation (Termination I) are much more limited in thickness. During the Last Glacial Maximum and the Late Glacial, glaciers also seem to have been restricted in the Jökulsa á Brù area. Valley glaciers issued from the Brùarjökull re-advanced several times in the Jökuldalur only during at least the Older Dryas, the Younger Dryas and the Preboreal. NE Iceland has undergone considerable deglaciation since the Bølling. In contrast to the conclusions of previous studies, the results presented here are consistent with data on the glaciations in other Nordic regions and can increase the understanding of the mid-Eemian cooling.
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316 |
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0016-6995 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
2439 |
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Author |
Denis Réale |
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Title |
Sexual segregation in a sexually dimorphic seabird: a matter of spatial scale |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Peer Community in Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100025 |
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Abstract |
A recommendation of: Christophe Barbraud, Karine Delord, Akiko Kato, Paco Bustamante, Yves Cherel Sexual segregation in a highly pagophilic and sexually dimorphic marine predator https://doi.org/10.1101/472431 |
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109 |
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2606-4979 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
8434 |
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Author |
Thiebot Jean-Baptiste, Barbraud Christophe, Delord Karine, Marteau Cédric, Weimerskirch Henri, |
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Title |
Do Introduced Mammals Chronically Impact the Breeding Success of the World's Rarest Albatross?
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ornithological Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ornithol Sci |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
41-46 |
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109 |
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The Ornithological Society of Japan |
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1347-0558 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
5115 |
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Author |
Cottin Manuelle, Kato Akiko, Thierry Anne-Mathilde, Maho Yvon Le, Raclot Thierry, Ropert-Coudert Yan, |
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Title |
Does Corticosterone Affect Diving Behaviour of Male Adélie Penguins? A Preliminary Experimental Study
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Ornithological Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ornithol Sci |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3-11 |
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Abstract |
The amount of energy that organisms can allocate to self-maintenance and/or reproduction largely depends on their foraging strategies. Because of corticosterone (CORT) involvement in the control of energy metabolism, food intake and locomotor activity, recent studies have sought to demonstrate the role of this hormone in foraging decisions and performance. Moreover, considerable recent advances in animal-attached loggers now allow the study of behaviour in free-living animals. In order to assess the effects of CORT administration on the foraging behaviour of free-living Adelie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae, we studied a group with CORT implants and a control group without CORT implants, by attaching time-depth recorders to the two groups and monitoring them throughout up to seven consecutive foraging trips during the guard stage (in Adelie Land, Antarctica). We found that foraging trips duration was similar between both groups. Dive durations, time spent at the bottom phase of dives, and the number of undulations per dive of CORT-implanted birds were all significantly higher than those of controls. However, CORT-implanted birds performed fewer dives overall (ca. 4,400) than controls (ca. 6,250) and spent many (13 and 6 times for penguins #3 and #4, respectively) long periods (>3 h) without diving. The low foraging effort and long resting periods support the view that CORT-implanted birds probably gained less energy than did the control birds. CORT treatment appears then to result in redirecting bird behaviour from costly activity (i.e. reproduction) to a behaviour promoting the preservation of energy reserves. Future studies are therefore needed to assess body condition and reproductive success of CORT-manipulated birds in parallel with the recording of their diving performances. |
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137 |
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The Ornithological Society of Japan |
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1347-0558 |
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Approved |
yes |
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3624 |
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Author |
Guillaume Hubert |
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Title |
Analyses of the Secondary Cosmic Ray using CCD camera in high-altitude observatories and Antarctica stations |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
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Volume |
395 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1238 |
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Keywords |
Array Pixel Sensors (APS) Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) |
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Abstract |
Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) and Array Pixel Sensors (APS) can be used to image radiation-induced energy deposition. The high sensitivity of depleted silicon to ionizing radiation constitutes an opportunity to investigate radiation effects while it is a nuisance to astronomer activities. CCD and APS provide a better combination of spatial and intensity resolution for radiation events than other available types of detector. This paper proposes to analyze radiation events observed in the CCD camera and more specifically analyses of charge deposition spectra and spatially extensive events. Measurements were performed in the Pic du Midi from 2011 to 2015 and in the Concordia Antarctica station since 2018. Coupled transport models (i.e. particle transport and charge transport in semiconductors) allow investigating contributions to charge collection spectra as a function of the particle nature, i.e. neutron, proton and muon. Coupled measurements and simulations allow to access to the detected secondary CR flux and the charge deposition pattern. Results showed that high charge level events seen on atmospheric sites can be considered as hadronic component (mainly neutrons and protons) while low charge levels and punctual events are induced by muons which are able to generate up to 3 fC in the CCD camera. Hence, thanks to double level of measurement sites, muon discrimination from other secondary particles has been investigated. Cross-comparison analyses based on CCD and neutron spectrometers operated in both station/observatory investigate secondary CR dynamic. |
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1112 |
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yes |
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8325 |
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Author |
Zachary J. Oppler, Kayleigh R. O’Keeffe, Karen D. McCoy, Dustin Brisson |
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Title |
Evolutionary Genetics of Borrelia |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Current issues in molecular biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
97-112 |
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Abstract |
The genus Borrelia consists of evolutionarily and genetically diverse bacterial species that cause a variety of diseases in humans and domestic animals. These vector-borne spirochetes can be classified into two major evolutionary groups, the Lyme borreliosis clade and the relapsing fever clade, both of which have complex transmission cycles during which they interact with multiple host species and arthropod vectors. Molecular, ecological, and evolutionary studies have each provided significant contributions towards our understanding of the natural history, biology and evolutionary genetics of Borrelia species; however, integration of these studies is required to identify the evolutionary causes and consequences of the genetic variation within and among Borrelia species. For example, molecular and genetic studies have identified the adaptations that maximize fitness components throughout the Borrelia lifecycle and enhance transmission efficacy but provide limited insights into the evolutionary pressures that have produced them. Ecological studies can identify interactions between Borrelia species and the vertebrate hosts and arthropod vectors they encounter and the resulting impact on the geographic distribution and abundance of spirochetes but not the genetic or molecular basis underlying these interactions. In this review we discuss recent findings on the evolutionary genetics from both of the evolutionarily distinct clades of Borrelia species. We focus on connecting molecular interactions to the ecological processes that have driven the evolution and diversification of Borrelia species in order to understand the current distribution of genetic and molecular variation within and between Borrelia species. |
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333 |
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ISSN |
1467-3037 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8521 |
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Author |
Tetenkin А.V., Henry A., Jacquier J., Klement’ev А.V., Ulanov A. A. |
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Title |
Researches of the New Paleolithic Complex of Cultural Horizon 2b of Site Kovrizhka IV on Vitim River in 2015–2016 (in Russian). |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Reports of the laboratory of ancient technologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
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Pages |
9-18 |
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1140 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6928 |
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