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Golovkov V.P., Bondar T.N., Burdelnaya I.A. & Yakov L. (1997). Using Satellite Magnetic Survey Data for Spatial-Temporal Modeling of the Geomagnetic Secular Variation. Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity, 49, 207–227.
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. (2021). Using Reciprocal Transplants to Assess Local Adaptation, Genetic Rescue, and Sexual Selection in Newly Established Populations (Vol. 12).
Abstract: Small populations establishing on colonization fronts have to adapt to novel environments with limited genetic variation. The pace at which they can adapt, and the influence of genetic variation on their success, are key questions for understanding intraspecific diversity. To investigate these topics, we performed a reciprocal transplant experiment between two recently founded populations of brown trout in the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands. Using individual tagging and genetic assignment methods, we tracked the fitness of local and foreign individuals, as well as the fitness of their offspring over two generations. In both populations, although not to the same extent, gene flow occurred between local and foreign gene pools. In both cases, however, we failed to detect obvious footprints of local adaptation (which should limit gene flow) and only weak support for genetic rescue (which should enhance gene flow). In the population where gene flow from foreign individuals was low, no clear differences were observed between the fitness of local, foreign, and F1 hybrid individuals. In the population where gene flow was high, foreign individuals were successful due to high mating success rather than high survival, and F1 hybrids had the same fitness as pure local offspring. These results suggest the importance of considering sexual selection, rather than just local adaptation and genetic rescue, when evaluating the determinants of success in small and recently founded populations.
Keywords: gene flow genetic rescue local adaptation mating success small population
Programme: 1041
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Pauline Goulet, Yan Roper-Coudert, Christophe Guinet. (2021). Using on-animal sensors to study the Ocean and its inhabitants.
Abstract: Bio-logging is a methodological approach in which miniature data recording devices are temporarily attached to free-ranging animals to monitor their movement, behaviour and physiology, as well as the physical parameters of the environment directly surrounding the animals, turning them into bio-plateformes. Unsurprisingly bio-logging emerged from marine and polar studies where the monitoring of individuals in these harsh and remote places cannot be done using traditional approaches. Miniaturization and technological advances has meant that the range of species that can be instrumented, as well as the diversity of the questions that can be sought through bio-logging, are expanding fast. New sensors are constantly being developed, pushing further the limits of this field. Instrumented animals deliver information not only on their activities but also on the physical characteristics of the environments they go through. For instance, over the last two decades, loggers attached to deep diving seals have supplemented physical oceanographic measurements with hydrographic profiles from CTD loggers but also with new series of biological measurements. For examples, fluorescence and light sensors provided information on the concentration of phytoplankton in the euphotic layer; miniature echo sounders together with high sensitivity and fast responding light sensor to detect bioluminescence, brought considerable progress in detecting small size particles (>1-2 mm) such as marine snow, zooplankton, but also fish and squids and estimate their abundance.
Keywords: Animal Distribution Bio-logger Bio-logging Drones & Cap'
Programme: 1201
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. (2014). Using MODIS land surface temperatures and the Crocus snow model to understand the warm bias of ERA-Interim reanalyses at the surface in Antarctica
. TC, 8(4), 1361–1373.
Abstract: based on CALVA-snow activities
Programme: 1110
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Larnier, H., Chambodut, A., Sailhac, P. (2016). Using magnetic observatories as reference stations in magnetotelluric data processing of geomagnetic pulsations .
Abstract: IAGA Workshop on on Geomagnetic Observatory Instruments, Data acquisition and Processing, Dourbes, Belgium, September 2016Magnetotellurics (MT) is a passive geophysical exploration technique which uses time series of natural magnetic and electric fields measured at the ground surface. It is based on the induction of electric currents in the ground by large scale geomagnetic waves. A wide collection of waves is used in MT, from lightning strikes emitted waves to magnetic pulsations induced by the interaction of the sun and the magnetosphere. In this work, we have developed a methodology based on the continuous wavelet transform to process MT data in the period range [1-500] seconds based on the time-frequency characteristics of geomagnetic pulsations. In this period range, geomagnetic pulsations are the preponderant signals. To properly detect geomagnetic pulsations in MT time series, we are generating Fourier surrogates of quiet magnetic time series. Then, by comparison between the distribution of wavelets coefficients of these surrogates and the original signal, we are recovering significant wavelet coefficients associated to geomagnetic pulsations. The magnetic observatories are of primary importance in this framework as their data are used as large-scale reference station for the occurrence of geomagnetic events. We are showing several datasets and their consecutive analysis with regards to improvement brought by magnetic observatories data onto the characterization of MT transfer functions.
Programme: 139
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Schimmel M, Stutzmann E, Gallart J, . (2011). Using instantaneous phase coherence for signal extraction from ambient noise data at a local to a global scale
. Geophysical Journal International, 184(1), 494–506.
Abstract: Stacks of ambient noise cross-correlations are more and more routinely used to extract empirical Green's functions between station pairs. The success of the cross-correlations is due to waves which are recorded by both stations and that constructively sum at lag times which equal their propagation time between the station pair. Stacking cross-correlograms corresponding to different time spans improves the azimuthal noise coverage and further enhances the signals. Here we show how the instantaneous phase coherence can be used for a more efficient signal extraction from ambient noise cross-correlations. The instantaneous phase coherence is obtained by analytic signal processing and can be employed through the phase cross-correlation and/or through the time-frequency domain phase-weighted stack. The phase cross-correlation is more sensitive to waveform similarity but less sensitive to strong amplitude features than the conventional cross-correlation. The time-frequency domain phase-weighted stack cleans the ambient noise cross-correlograms by attenuating incoherent noise and permits an improved signal identification. We show that both approaches are powerful tools in the recovery of signals from ambient noise data and show examples where they improve the extraction of P and Rayleigh waves by considering local and global scale applications.
Keywords: Time series analysis, Interferometry, Body waves, Surface waves and free oscillations,
Programme: 133
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Bernard E., Tolle F., Griselin M., Friedt J. And Marlin C. (2011). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: 15th Alpine Glaciology Meeting, Munich, Germany, 24-25 fev. 2011
Programme: 304
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C. Barbraud, J. Vasseur, K. Delord. (2018). (Vol. 41).
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C. Barbraud, J. Vasseur, K. Delord. (2017). (Vol. 41).
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Delebecque C., F. Lyard, F. Birol, N. Ayoub, L. Testut, L. Roblou. (2013). Using CTOH tidal constants for coastal studies.
Abstract: 7th Coastal Altimetry Workshop, 7-8 Oct. 2013. Boulder (USA).
Programme: 688
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