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. (2018). Vaccination protects endangered albatross chicks against avian cholera (Vol. 11). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: Global change is contributing to unprecedented expansions of infectious diseases in wildlife. Recurrent avian cholera outbreaks are causing dramatic chick mortality and population decline in endangered albatross colonies on Amsterdam Island, a critical seabird breeding ground in the Southern Indian Ocean. We manufactured a killed vaccine using a Pasteurella multocida strain isolated from a dead albatross in the field. We used this same bacterial strain to establish a serological assay allowing the monitoring of antibody levels following bird vaccination. Using this vaccine on chicks 2 weeks posthatching caused 100% seroconversion and reduced the death risk by a factor exceeding 2.5, raising fledging probability from 14% to 46%. These results suggest that using a specifically tailored vaccine could be a key tool to effectively protect endangered seabirds from disease outbreaks threatening them with extinction.
Keywords: Amsterdam albatross antibody dynamics autogenous vaccine avian cholera dark-mantled sooty albatross emerging infectious diseases Indian yellow-nosed albatross Pasteurella multocida seabird conservation
Programme: 109,1151
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Jouventin, P. Couchoux, C. Dobson, F. S. (2009). UV signals in penguins. Polar Biol., 32, 513–514.
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Savarino, J.; Romero, A.; Cole-Dai, J.; Bekki, S.; Thiemens, M.H. (2003). UV induced mass-independent sulfur isotope fractionation in stratospheric volcanic sulfate. Geophysical research letters, 30.
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Evgeny A. Pakhomov, Natasha Henschke, Brian P. V. Hunt, Gabriele Stowasser, Yves Cherel. (2019). Utility of salps as a baseline proxy for food web studies (Vol. 41). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: Abstract. IIn recent years, pelagic tunicates (mostly salps, but potentially doliolids, appendicularians and pyrosomes as well) have been used in isotopic studies as a baseline consumer (trophic position 2) when recreating food web dynamics to overcome the challenges of using particulate organic matter (POM). While pelagic tunicates are continuous filter feeders, recent evidence has shown that they have selective feeding behaviors, and preferentially assimilate certain particles. In this review, we combine available stable isotope data for POM and pelagic tunicates and identify that trophic enrichment in 13C and 15N relative to POM is highly variable, and suggests tunicates prefer to consume smaller, heterotrophic organisms. Here we propose that it is not appropriate to consider pelagic tunicates as representative first level consumers in the classical pelagic food web in stable isotope analyses. Rather it needs acknowledgment that they are members of the microbial food web, and thus reflect an alternate food chain.
Programme: 109
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Charrassin J.B. & Bost C.A. (2001). Utilisation of the oceanic habitat by king penguins over the annual cycle. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 221, 285–297.
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DETTAI A., LAUTREDOU A.-C., BERKANI M., DUHAMEL G., IGLESIAS S., BONILLO C., COULOUX A., CRUAUD C., OZOUF-COSTAZ C. & LECOINTRE G. (2008).
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