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Hodgson, D. et al.,. (2017). Westerly Winds and the Southern Ocean CO2 Sink Since the Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition.
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Maurette M., Brack A., Kurat G., Perreau M. & Engrand C. (1995). Were micrometeorites a source of prebiotic molecules on the early earth? Adv Space Res, 15, 3113–3126.
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Rochette P. (2002). Weighing magnetic masses and in magma fields: a cautionary note. Geochemistry geophysics geosystems, .
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Stephens, B.B.; Gurney, K.R.; Tans, P.P.; Sweeney, C.; Peters, W.; Bruhwiler, L.; Ciais, P.; Ramonet, M.; Bousquet, P.; Nakazawa, T.; Aoki, S.; Machida, T.; Inoue, G.; Vinnichenko, N.; Lloyd, J.; Jordan, A.; Heimann, M.; Shibistova, O.; Langenfelds, R.L.; Steele, L.P.; Francey, R.J.; Denning, A.S. (2007). Weak Northern and Strong Tropical Land Carbon Uptake from Vertical Profiles of Atmospheric CO2. Science, 316(5832), 1732–1735.
Abstract: Measurements of midday vertical atmospheric CO2 distributions reveal annual-mean vertical CO2 gradients that are inconsistent with atmospheric models that estimate a large transfer of terrestrial carbon from tropical to northern latitudes. The three models that most closely reproduce the observed annual-mean vertical CO2 gradients estimate weaker northern uptake of -1.5 petagrams of carbon per year (Pg C year-1) and weaker tropical emission of +0.1 Pg C year-1 compared with previous consensus estimates of -2.4 and +1.8 Pg C year-1, respectively. This suggests that northern terrestrial uptake of industrial CO2 emissions plays a smaller role than previously thought and that, after subtracting land-use emissions, tropical ecosystems may currently be strong sinks for CO2.
Programme: 416
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Vojtěch Brlík, Jaroslav Koleček, Malcolm Burgess, Steffen Hahn, Diana Humple, Miloš Krist, Janne Ouwehand, Emily L. Weiser, Peter Adamík, José A. Alves, Debora Arlt, Sanja Barišić, Detlef Becker, Eduardo J. Belda, Václav Beran, Christiaan Both, Susana P. Bravo, Martins Briedis, Bohumír Chutný, Davor Ćiković, Nathan W. Cooper, Joana S. Costa, Víctor R. Cueto, Tamara Emmenegger, Kevin Fraser, Olivier Gilg, Marina Guerrero, Michael T. Hallworth, Chris Hewson, Frédéric Jiguet, James A. Johnson, Tosha Kelly, Dmitry Kishkinev, Michel Leconte, Terje Lislevand, Simeon Lisovski, Cosme López, Kent P. McFarland, Peter P. Marra, Steven M. Matsuoka, Piotr Matyjasiak, Christoph M. Meier, Benjamin Metzger, Juan S. Monrós, Roland Neumann, Amy Newman, Ryan Norris, Tomas Pärt, Václav Pavel, Noah Perlut, Markus Piha, Jeroen Reneerkens, Christopher C. Rimmer, Amélie Roberto‐Charron, Chiara Scandolara, Natalia Sokolova, Makiko Takenaka, Dirk Tolkmitt, Herman van Oosten, Arndt H. J. Wellbrock, Hazel Wheeler, Jan van der Winden, Klaudia Witte, Bradley K. Woodworth, Petr Procházka. (2020). Weak effects of geolocators on small birds: A meta-analysis controlled for phylogeny and publication bias (Vol. 89).
Abstract: Currently, the deployment of tracking devices is one of the most frequently used approaches to study movement ecology of birds. Recent miniaturization of light-level geolocators enabled studying small bird species whose migratory patterns were widely unknown. However, geolocators may reduce vital rates in tagged birds and may bias obtained movement data. There is a need for a thorough assessment of the potential tag effects on small birds, as previous meta-analyses did not evaluate unpublished data and impact of multiple life-history traits, focused mainly on large species and the number of published studies tagging small birds has increased substantially. We quantitatively reviewed 549 records extracted from 74 published and 48 unpublished studies on over 7,800 tagged and 17,800 control individuals to examine the effects of geolocator tagging on small bird species (body mass <100 g). We calculated the effect of tagging on apparent survival, condition, phenology and breeding performance and identified the most important predictors of the magnitude of effect sizes. Even though the effects were not statistically significant in phylogenetically controlled models, we found a weak negative impact of geolocators on apparent survival. The negative effect on apparent survival was stronger with increasing relative load of the device and with geolocators attached using elastic harnesses. Moreover, tagging effects were stronger in smaller species. In conclusion, we found a weak effect on apparent survival of tagged birds and managed to pinpoint key aspects and drivers of tagging effects. We provide recommendations for establishing matched control group for proper effect size assessment in future studies and outline various aspects of tagging that need further investigation. Finally, our results encourage further use of geolocators on small bird species but the ethical aspects and scientific benefits should always be considered.
Keywords: condition migration phenology reproduction return rate survival tag effect tracking device
Programme: 1036
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H. Larnier, P. Sailhac And A. Chambodut. (2017). Wavelet-based Processing of AMT Data Exhibiting Atmospheric Waves Based on their Source Properties.
Abstract: Audio-Magnetotellurics (AMT) is an electromagnetic geophysical method based on passive measurements of the induced electric currents in the ground by atmospheric sources which mostly originate from global lightning activity. Each lightning strike generates different waves with distinct time-frequency properties. Two major difficulties arise in AMT acquisition and processing. The first one lies in the relatively low signal-to-noise ratio of natural signals compared to anthropogenic signals. The second one is the so-called AMT dead-band, a specific frequency band (generally from 1 kHz to 5 kHz) where the level of natural signals energy remains low. Using the continuous wavelet transform, we identify electromagnetic (EM) waves in the time-frequency plane and we then invert the response function. Two criteria are used for detection: high signal-to-noise ratio and specific shape of local maxima in the time-frequency plane. The determination of AMT response functions are based on a hierarchical bootstrap scheme. We illustrate this methodology on AMT data acquired near Chambon-La-Forêt magnetic observatory. By using the new procedure on this dataset, we are able to, on the one hand, drastically reduce the AMT dead-band width, and on the other hand, greatly reduce the confidence interval of the AMT response functions.
Programme: 139
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Lyubushin A A, . (2014). Wavelet-based coherence measures of global seismic noise properties
. Journal of Seismology, 19(2), 329–340.
Abstract: The coherent behavior of four parameters characterizing the global field of low-frequency (periods from 2 to 500 min) seismic noise is studied. These parameters include generalized Hurst exponent, multifractal singularity spectrum support width, the normalized entropy of variance, and kurtosis. The analysis is based on the data from 229 broadband stations of GSN, GEOSCOPE, and GEOFON networks for a 17-year period from the beginning of 1997 to the end of 2013. The entire set of stations is subdivided into eight groups, which, taken together, provide full coverage of the Earth. The daily median values of the studied noise parameters are calculated in each group. This procedure yields four 8-dimensional time series with a time step of 1 day with a length of 6209 samples in each scalar component. For each of the four 8-dimensional time series, a multiple correlation measure is estimated, which is based on computing robust canonical correlations for the Haar wavelet coefficients at the first detail level within a moving time window of the length 365 days. These correlation measures for each noise property demonstrate essential increasing starting from 2007 to 2008 which was continued till the end of 2013. Taking into account a well-known phenomenon of noise correlation increasing before catastrophes, this increasing of seismic noise synchronization is interpreted as indicators of the strongest (magnitudes not less than 8.5) earthquakes activation which is observed starting from the Sumatra mega-earthquake of 26 Dec 2004. This synchronization continues growing up to the end of the studied period (2013), which can be interpreted as a probable precursor of the further increase in the intensity of the strongest earthquakes all over the world.
Programme: 133
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M Kanao, A. Maggi, Y Ishihara, M Yamamoto, K Nawa, A Yamada, T Wilson, T Himeno, G Toyokuni, S Tsuboi, Y Tono and K Anderson. (2012). Wave interactions between the Atmosphere-Ocean-Cryosphere system and the Geosphere in the Polar Regions, in Seismic Waves – Research and Analysis.
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Kleimenova, N.G., Kozyreva, O.V. and Schott, J.J. (2003). Wave geomagnetic response of the magnetosphere to an interplanetary magnetic cloud that approached the Earth on July 14-15, 2000 (Bastille day event). Geomagnetism and aeronomy, 43, 321–331.
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Casado M., Leroy-Dos C., Fourre E., Favier V., Agosta C., Arnaud L., Prié F., Akers P., Janssen L., Savarino J., Landais A. (2020). Water vapor isotopic signature along the EAIIST traverse.
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