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Ciais, P.; Denning, A. S.; Tans, P. P.; Berry, J. A.; Randall, D. A.; Collatz, G. J.; Sellers, P. J.; White, J. W. C.; Trolier, M.; Meijer, H. A. J.; Francey, R. J.; Monfray, P.; Heimann, M. (1997). A three-dimensional synthesis study of d18O in atmospheric CO2. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 5873–5883.
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N. Pierre Charrier, Axelle Hermouet, Caroline Hervet, Albert Agoulon, Stephen C. Barker, Dieter Heylen, Céline Toty, Karen D. McCoy, Olivier Plantard, Claude Rispe. (2019). A transcriptome-based phylogenetic study of hard ticks (Ixodidae) (Vol. 9).
Abstract: Hard ticks are widely distributed across temperate regions, show strong variation in host associations, and are potential vectors of a diversity of medically important zoonoses, such as Lyme disease. To address unresolved issues with respect to the evolutionary relationships among certain species or genera, we produced novel RNA-Seq data sets for nine different Ixodes species. We combined this new data with 18 data sets obtained from public databases, both for Ixodes and non-Ixodes hard tick species, using soft ticks as an outgroup. We assembled transcriptomes (for 27 species in total), predicted coding sequences and identified single copy orthologues (SCO). Using Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian frameworks, we reconstructed a hard tick phylogeny for the nuclear genome. We also obtained a mitochondrial DNA-based phylogeny using published genome sequences and mitochondrial sequences derived from the new transcriptomes. Our results confirm previous studies showing that the Ixodes genus is monophyletic and clarify the relationships among Ixodes sub-genera. This work provides a baseline for studying the evolutionary history of ticks: we indeed found an unexpected acceleration of substitutions for mitochondrial sequences of Prostriata, and for nuclear and mitochondrial genes of two species of Rhipicephalus, which we relate with patterns of genome architecture and changes of life-cycle, respectively.
Programme: 333
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Reverso Thomas, Vandemeulebrouck Jean, Jouanne François, Pinel Virginie, Villemin Thierry, Sturkell Erik, Bascou Pascale, . (2014). A two-magma chamber model as a source of deformation at Grímsvötn Volcano, Iceland
. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 119(6), 4666–4683.
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Sabrina Tartu, Pierre Blévin, Paco Bustamante, Frédéric Angelier, Claus Bech, Jan Ove Bustnes, Melissa Chierici, Agneta Fransson, Geir W. Gabrielsen, Aurélie Goutte, Børge Moe, Christophe Sauser, Julien Sire, Christophe Barbraud, Olivier Chastel. (2022). A U-Turn for Mercury Concentrations over 20 Years: How Do Environmental Conditions Affect Exposure in Arctic Seabirds? (Vol. 56).
Abstract: Mercury (Hg) is highly toxic in its methylated form (MeHg), and global change is likely to modify its bioavailability in the environment. However, it is unclear how top predators will be impacted. We studied blood Hg concentrations of chick-rearing black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla (2000–2019) in Svalbard (Norway). From 2000 to 2019, Hg concentrations followed a U-shaped trend. The trophic level, inferred from nitrogen stable isotopes, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations better predicted Hg concentrations, with positive and U-shaped associations, respectively. As strong indicators of primary productivity, Chl a concentrations can influence production of upper trophic levels and, thus, fish community assemblage. In the early 2000s, the high Hg concentrations were likely related to a higher proportion of Arctic prey in kittiwake’s diet. The gradual input of Atlantic prey in kittiwake diet could have resulted in a decrease in Hg concentrations until 2013. Then, a new shift in the prey community, added to the shrinking sea ice-associated release of MeHg in the ocean, could explain the increasing trend of Hg observed since 2014. The present monitoring provides critical insights about the exposure of a toxic contaminant in Arctic wildlife, and the reported increase since 2014 raises concern for Arctic seabirds.
Programme: 330
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Walpole J, Wookey J, Masters G, Kendall J M, . (2014). A uniformly processed data set of SKS shear wave splitting measurements: A global investigation of upper mantle anisotropy beneath seismic stations . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems , 15 (5), 1991–2010.
Abstract: Anisotropy in the Earth's upper mantle is a signature of past and present deformation. Here we present a new data set of 50,000 uniformly processed SKS shear wave splitting measurements that probe upper mantle anisotropy beneath seismic stations in the frequency band 0.020.1 Hz. The data set consists of measurements obtained at 2000 seismic stations from 2000 events. We identify several stations characterized by an apparent absence of shear wave splitting (so-called null stations). Station-averaged measurements are obtained by stacking shear wave splitting error surfaces. The stacked data set shows excellent agreement with a compilation of previous SKS measurements. The average amount of splitting beneath seismic stations (after error surface stacking) is 0.8 s, slightly lower than that found previously by vectorial averaging of non-null measurement splitting parameters. The data set disagrees, however, with an azimuthally anisotropic surface wave tomography model (DKP2005), suggesting that caution should be exercised when using such models for geodynamic interpretation, especially in continental regions. Studying our data set in detail, we find evidence that flow in the asthenosphere exerts partial control over SKS splitting in orogenic regions globally. In the active orogenic environment of the western USA, where we have the densest coverage, our data suggest that shallow asthenospheric flow is guided by a wall of thick lithosphere to the east.
Keywords: anisotropy, seismology, mantle, shear wave splitting, 7203 Body waves, 7208 Mantle, 8120 Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle: general, 1209 Tectonic deformation, 0520 Data analysis: algorithms and implementation,
Programme: 133
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Martin Jiskra, Jeroen E. Sonke, Daniel Obrist, Johannes Bieser, Ralf Ebinghaus, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Katrine Aspmo Pfaffhuber, Ingvar Wängberg, Katriina Kyllönen, Doug Worthy, Lynwill G. Martin, Casper Labuschagne, Thumeka Mkololo, Michel Ramonet, Olivier Magand, Aurélien Dommergue. (2018). A vegetation control on seasonal variations in global atmospheric mercury concentrations (Vol. 11). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Abstract: Terrestrial vegetation contributes to the seasonal variation of atmospheric mercury concentrations, according to analyses of atmospheric trace gas dynamics and satellite data. The data show that the photosynthetic activity of vegetation correlates with atmospheric mercury.
Programme: 416,1028
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Nishitani N., Ogawa T., Pinnock M., Freeman M., Dudeney J.R., Villain J.P., Baker K.B., Sato N., Yamagishi H. & Matsumoto H. (1999). A very large scale flow burst observed by the SupreDARN radars. J. Geophys. Res., 104(A10), 22469–22486.
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Lanoë F., Desrosiers P., Marguerie D., Gendron D. (2015). A Winter at Akulivik: Faunal Analysis of a Thulean House at Kangiakallak-1 (Nunavik, Québec)..
Abstract: Society of American Archaeology meeting, avril 2015, San Francisco, CA, USA
Submitted
Programme: 1080
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Savarino, J. Morin, S. Kaiser, J. Thiemens, M. H. (2005). A year-round isotopic survey of aerosol nitrate from a coastal Antarctic station.
Abstract: EOS Trans. AGU, 86
52, Fall Meet. Suppl.
Programme: 457
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Ishino, S., Hattori, S., Savarino, J., Legrand, M., Preunkert, S., Jourdain, B., and Yoshida, N. (2017). A year-round observation of sulfur stable isotopic compositions of atmospheric sulfate at Dumont d’Urville, coastal Antarctica.
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