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Title  |
Differences in foraging habitat result in contrasting fisheries interactions in two albatross populations |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
663 |
Issue |
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Pages |
197-208 |
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Keywords |
Boat attraction Crozet Diomedea exulans Fisheries Fisheries discards Kerguelen |
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Abstract |
Albatrosses attend fishing boats to feed on fishing discards but are often at risk of accidental bycatch. To examine whether populations (same species) and sexes differ in their overlap with fisheries due to differences in habitat use, we combined the use of recently developed loggers equipped with GPS and boat radar detectors with Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Our study indicates that incubating wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans from Crozet and Kerguelen foraged in different habitats although the duration of trips was similar. Both female and male Kerguelen birds took advantage of the large and productive surrounding shelf, whereas Crozet birds used the small shelf around the islands to a lesser extent. In Crozet, there was segregation between males and females, the latter favouring deeper and warmer waters. The 2 strategies of habitat use led to different overlap and attraction to boats, with Kerguelen birds encountering and attending boats for longer and at closer proximity to the colony than Crozet birds. Crozet females encountered boats at greater distances from the colony than males. Because of their different habitat use and foraging outside exclusive economic zones (EEZ) and further from the colony, Crozet birds attended more non-declared boats (without AIS) than Kerguelen birds. Albatrosses were more attracted by fisheries than cargo vessels and were especially attracted by fishing discards that led them to attend vessels for longer periods for both sexes and populations. The differences found between populations and individuals in terms of habitat specialization and encounter rate of fisheries should be considered for future assessments of risk of bycatch. |
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109 |
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0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
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7940 |
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Title |
Diel at-sea activity of two species of great albatrosses: the ontogeny of foraging and movement behaviour |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Avian Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
52 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
albatross diel activity pattern Diomedea flight behavior foraging activity moon illumination night activity seabirds |
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Abstract |
The first year of life is a period of high mortality in animals. Reduced foraging capacities of naive individuals might be the primary cause of their mortality. These capacities are supposed to be progressively acquired during the first months of life. In this study, we investigate the ontogeny of flight capacities, by day and night, of first-year individuals, and compare it with adults from two closely related species of great albatrosses: Amsterdam Diomedea amsterdamensis and wandering Diomedea exulans albatrosses which forage in different environmental conditions. We used 71 tracks of 71 juvenile birds and 141 of 116 incubating adults to compare both age categories. In order to explore the effect of moon light on night activity, we elaborated a new formula which improves the precision of the proxy of moon illumination. By day, we found that juveniles of both species reach some adult foraging capacities in less than two months. By night, albatrosses have reduced activity increasing during the first weeks at sea for juveniles and changing in accordance with moon illumination for both juveniles and adults. A peak of flight activity at dawn and dusk was apparent for both species. Interspecific comparison underlined that Amsterdam albatrosses were more active than wandering albatrosses, suggesting a difference in food and foraging strategy. Overall, we highlighted how life history traits, environmental conditions and time of the day affect the foraging activity of two related species of seabirds. |
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109 |
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1600-048X |
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7943 |
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Author |
Peter S. Ungar, Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Alexandria S. Peterson, Aleksandr A. Sokolov, Natalia A. Sokolova, Dorothee Ehrich, Ivan A. Fufachev, Olivier Gilg, Alexandra Terekhina, Alexander Volkovitskiy, Viktor Shtro |
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Title |
Dental evidence for variation in diet over time and space in the Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
509-523 |
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Abstract |
Studies of the effects of variation in resource availability are important for understanding the ecology of high-latitude mammals. This paper examines the potential of dental evidence (tooth wear and breakage) as a proxy for diet and food choice in Vulpes lagopus, the Arctic fox. It presents a preliminary study of dental microwear, gross wear score, and tooth breakage in a sample (n?=?78 individuals) from the Yamal Peninsula of the Russian Arctic. While these measures have each been associated with feeding ecology in larger carnivorans (e.g., proportion of bone in the diet), they have yet to be combined in any study and have rarely been applied to smaller species or those from high latitudes. Arctic foxes from the north and south of the peninsula, and those from rodent peak and trough density periods, are compared to assess impact of changes in food availability across space and time. Results indicate that microwear textures vary in dispersion, with more variation in texture complexity, including higher values (suggesting more consumption of bone), in the rodent-poor period in the north of Yamal. Gross wear scores and tooth breakage are also significantly higher for the north of Yamal than the south. These data together suggest that dental evidence can provide important insights into variation in the feeding ecology of Arctic foxes and potentially into the impacts of changes in food abundance across space and time. |
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1036 |
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1432-2056 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7982 |
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Author |
Christophe Sauser, Karine Delord, Christophe Barbraud |
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Title |
Demographic sensitivity to environmental forcings: a multi-trait, multi-colony approach |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
130 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
943-957 |
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109 |
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ISSN |
1600-0706 |
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1600-0706 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8039 |
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Author |
Morten Frederiksen, Olivier Gilg, Glenn Yannic |
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Title |
Cross-icecap spring migration confirmed in a high-Arctic seabird, the Ivory Gull Pagophila eburnea |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Ibis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
163 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
706-714 |
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Keywords |
ecological barrier Greenland icecap high-altitude migration |
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1210 |
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0019-1019 |
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yes |
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6348 |
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Author |
Cyril Audrouin |
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Title |
Croissance musculaire chez le poussin de manchot royal (Aptenodytes patagonicus), liens avec la saisonnalité et la condition corporelle. |
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Master 2 |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IPHC – DEPE Strasbourg |
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119 |
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yes |
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8102 |
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Author |
David Byrne, Jeff Polton, Colin Bell |
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Title |
Creation of a global tide analysis dataset: Application of NEMO and an offline objective analysis scheme |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Operational Oceanography |
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1-14 |
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Abstract |
The accurate prediction of tides is vital for the operation of many industries, early warning of coastal flooding and scientific understanding of ocean processes. In this paper, we describe the creation method of a global dataset of tidal harmonics using NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) for the first time and an offline objective analysis scheme. Data are assimilated as part of a post-processing step, reducing the computational resources required. A reduced ensemble of tidal harmonics is generated, where each member is run for a shorter period of time than a central background state. This ensemble is used to estimate a single background covariance state, which is used for analysis. Output is validated using an ensemble of objective analyses. For each ensemble member, random selections of observations are omitted and validation is performed at these locations. Improvements in both Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and correlation coefficients (R2) are seen across all 6 of the largest diurnal and semi-diurnal constituents. MAEs in amplitude and phase are reduced by up to 78% and 89%, respectively, and correlations by as much as 0.14. In addition, the majority of locations (between 70 and 80%) see significant improvement. |
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688 |
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1755-876X |
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1755-876X |
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yes |
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8338 |
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Author |
Camille Lemonnier |
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Title |
Coping with socially stressful environments in colonial seabirds: a test of adaptive phenotype programming in king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) |
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Master 2 |
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Year |
2021 |
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14 |
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Group-living is associated with both fitness benefits and costs for animals. In seabird colonies, spatial heterogeneity in social density and other environmental parameters may affect the quality of breeding territories. For instance, in king penguins, increased conspecific density has been correlated with increased stress hormone levels and increased energy expenditure in individual birds, suggesting a cost of colonial breeding. We unravelled the influences of early (genetic and early maternal effects) and rearing environments on chick growth trajectories, stress physiology and survival. Our results suggest that the rearing social environment (rather than biological background) can influence chicks’ phenotype, growth and survival. Especially, chicks reared in high density areas of the colony showed increased weight gain and survival probabilities. These results suggest either a difference in terms of parental quality between individual breeding at high and low social densities or a difference in chick’s competitiveness due to their early life social environment. |
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119 |
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yes |
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8103 |
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Lemonnier C, Schull Q, Stier A, Boonstra R, Delahanty B, Lefol E, Durand L, Robin Jp, Criscuolo F, Bize P, Viblanc Va |
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Title |
Coping with socially stressful environments in colonial seabirds: a test of adaptive phenotype programming in king penguins |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2021 |
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Coloniality is associated with various benefits and costs for animals affecting their fitness. Breeding colonies are heterogeneous both in terms of physical and social parameters, thus, breeding territories are of different quality relative to their location within the colony. In king penguins, increased conspecific density has been correlated with increased stress level in individual birds, suggesting a cost of colonial breeding. We used a cross-fostering approach to question the relationship linking breeding location, phenotype and reproduction success. We crossfostered eggs shortly after laying within and between high-and low-density colony areas. This design allowed us to unravel the influences of early genetic and maternal effects together with rearing environments on chick growth trajectories, stress physiology and survival. We tested whether chick phenotype is determined at birth to match their early environment or if higher social density conferred an advantage for reproduction. |
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119 |
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yes |
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8105 |
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Lemonnier C, Schull Q, Stier A, Boonstra R, Delahanty B, Lefol E, Durand L, Robin J-p, Criscuolo F, Bize P &Amp; Va Viblanc |
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Title |
Coping with socially stressful environment in colonial seabirds: a test of adaptive phenotype programming in king penguins |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2021 |
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119 |
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8337 |
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