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Author Carravieri Alice, Bustamante Paco, Tartu Sabrina, Meillère Alizée, Labadie Pierre, Budzinski Hélène, Peluhet Laurent, Barbraud Christophe, Weimerskirch Henri, Chastel Olivier, Cherel Yves, doi  openurl
  Title (down) Wandering albatrosses document latitudinal variations in the transfer of persistent organic pollutants and mercury to Southern Ocean predators. Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Environmental science & technology Abbreviated Journal Environ. Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 48 Issue 24 Pages 14746-55  
  Keywords Animals, Arsenic, Arsenic: blood, Birds, Birds: blood, Birds: physiology, Ecosystem, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Food Chain, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers: blood, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated: blood, Male, Metals, Heavy, Metals, Heavy: blood, Oceans and Seas, Reproduction, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Water Pollutants, Chemical: blood,  
  Abstract Top marine predators are effective tools to monitor bioaccumulative contaminants in remote oceanic environments. Here, we used the wide-ranging wandering albatross Diomedea exulans to investigate potential geographical variations of contaminant transfer to predators in the Southern Ocean. Blood concentrations of 19 persistent organic pollutants and 14 trace elements were measured in a large number of individuals (N = 180) of known age, sex and breeding status from the subantarctic Crozet Islands. Wandering albatrosses were exposed to a wide range of contaminants, with notably high blood mercury concentrations. Contaminant burden was markedly influenced by latitudinal foraging habitats (inferred from blood δ(13)C values), with individuals feeding in warmer subtropical waters having lower concentrations of pesticides, but higher concentrations of mercury, than those feeding in colder subantarctic waters. Sexual differences in contaminant burden seemed to be driven by gender specialization in feeding habitats, rather than physiological characteristics, with females foraging further north than males. Other individual traits, such as adult age and reproductive status, had little effect on blood contaminant concentrations. Our study provides further evidence of the critical role of global distillation on organic contaminant exposure to Southern Ocean avian predators. In addition, we document an unexpected high transfer of mercury to predators in subtropical waters, which merits further investigation.  
  Programme 109  
  Campaign  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher American Chemical Society Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0013-936X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 5928  
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Author Duputel Zacharie, Rivera Luis, Kanamori Hiroo, Hayes Gavin, doi  openurl
  Title (down) W phase source inversion for moderate to large earthquakes (19902010) Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Geophysical Journal International Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 189 Issue 2 Pages 1125 -1147  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Rapid characterization of the earthquake source and of its effects is a growing field of interest. Until recently, it still took several hours to determine the first-order attributes of a great earthquake (e.g. Mw 7.5), even in a well-instrumented region. The main limiting factors were data saturation, the interference of different phases and the time duration and spatial extent of the source rupture. To accelerate centroid moment tensor (CMT) determinations, we have developed a source inversion algorithm based on modelling of the W phase, a very long period phase (1001000s) arriving at the same time as the P wave. The purpose of this work is to finely tune and validate the algorithm for large-to-moderate-sized earthquakes using three components of W phase ground motion at teleseismic distances. To that end, the point source parameters of all Mw 6.5 earthquakes that occurred between 1990 and 2010 (815 events) are determined using Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks, Global Seismographic Network broad-band stations and STS1 global virtual networks of the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center. For each event, a preliminary magnitude obtained from W phase amplitudes is used to estimate the initial moment rate function half duration and to define the corner frequencies of the passband filter that will be applied to the waveforms. Starting from these initial parameters, the seismic moment tensor is calculated using a preliminary location as a first approximation of the centroid. A full CMT inversion is then conducted for centroid timing and location determination. Comparisons with Harvard and Global CMT solutions highlight the robustness of W phase CMT solutions at teleseismic distances. The differences in Mw rarely exceed 0.2 and the source mechanisms are very similar to one another. Difficulties arise when a target earthquake is shortly (e.g. within 10 hr) preceded by another large earthquake, which disturbs the waveforms of the target event. To deal with such difficult situations, we remove the perturbation caused by earlier disturbing events by subtracting the corresponding synthetics from the data. The CMT parameters for the disturbed event can then be retrieved using the residual seismograms. We also explore the feasibility of obtaining source parameters of smaller earthquakes in the range 6.0 Mw < 6.5. Results suggest that the W phase inversion can be implemented reliably for the majority of earthquakes of Mw= 6 or larger.
 
  Programme 133  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0956-540X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 3839  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Grémillet David, Prudor Aurélien, le Maho Yvon, Weimerskirch Henri, pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title (down) Vultures of the Seas: Hyperacidic Stomachs in Wandering Albatrosses as an Adaptation to Dispersed Food Resources, including Fishery Wastes Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication PLoS ONE Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7 Issue 6 Pages e37834-  
  Keywords  
  Abstract

Animals are primarily limited by their capacity to acquire food, yet digestive performance also conditions energy acquisition, and ultimately fitness. Optimal foraging theory predicts that organisms feeding on patchy resources should maximize their food loads within each patch, and should digest these loads quickly to minimize travelling costs between food patches. We tested the prediction of high digestive performance in wandering albatrosses, which can ingest prey of up to 3 kg, and feed on highly dispersed food resources across the southern ocean. GPS-tracking of 40 wandering albatrosses from the Crozet archipelago during the incubation phase confirmed foraging movements of between 4754705 km, which give birds access to a variety of prey, including fishery wastes. Moreover, using miniaturized, autonomous data recorders placed in the stomach of three birds, we performed the first-ever measurements of gastric pH and temperature in procellariformes. These revealed surprisingly low pH levels (average 1.50±0.13), markedly lower than in other seabirds, and comparable to those of vultures feeding on carrion. Such low stomach pH gives wandering albatrosses a strategic advantage since it allows them a rapid chemical breakdown of ingested food and therefore a rapid digestion. This is useful for feeding on patchy, natural prey, but also on fishery wastes, which might be an important additional food resource for wandering albatrosses.


 
  Programme 109  
  Campaign  
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  Corporate Author Thesis Bachelor's thesis  
  Publisher Public Library of Science Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1932-6203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 3882  
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Author Hullé M., Lebouvier M., Marais A., Frenot Y. & Renault D. openurl 
  Title (down) Vulnerability of native communities to invasive Insects and climate change on Kerguelen Islands. IPY Science Conference, Oslo, Norway, 08-12/06/2010 Type Conference - International - Communication
  Year 2010 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 136  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1088  
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Author Renault D. openurl 
  Title (down) Vulnerability of native communities to invasive insects and climate change in sub-Antarctic islands – Projet EVINCE (VMC 2007), Séminaire de restitution et d’avancement des projets ANR sur les “Changements Environnementaux”, Bordeaux, France, 21-22 mai 2012 Type Conference - National - Communication
  Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 136  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 4116  
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Author Renault D., Lebouvier M., Hullé M. & Frenot Y. openurl 
  Title (down) Vulnerability of native communities to invasive insects and climate change in sub-Antarctic islands Type Conference - International - Communication
  Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract BIOLIEF World Conference on Biological Invasion and Ecosystem Functionning, Porto, Portugal, 27-30/10/2009  
  Programme 136  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 5805  
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Author Hullé M., Lebouvier M., Marais A., Frenot Y. & Renault D. openurl 
  Title (down) Vulnérabilité des écosystèmes subantarctiques face aux invasions d’insectes et aux changements climatiques.7ème Conférence Internationale Francophone d’Entomologie, Louvain la Neuve, Belgique, 05-10/07/2010 Type Conference - International - Communication
  Year 2010 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 136  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1123  
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Author Hullé M., Lebouvier M., Laparie M., Marais A., Cozic Y., Lalouette L., Vernon P., Candresse T., Frenot Y., Renault D. openurl 
  Title (down) Vulnérabilité des communautés natives face aux insectes invasifs et au changement climatique dans les îles sub-antarctiques. Type Conference - National - Communication
  Year 2011 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract 7èmes journées scientifiques du CNFRA, Paris, France, 19-20/05/2011  
  Programme 136  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 3393  
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Author Salamatin A.N., Tsiganova E.A., Lipenkov V.Y. & Petit J.R. openurl 
  Title (down) Vostok (Antarctica) ice-core time scale from datings of different origins. Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Annals of glaciology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 39 Issue Pages 83-292  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Seventh International Symposium on Antarctic Glaciology  
  Programme 355  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0260-3055 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 2951  
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Author Brigitte Van Vliet-Lanoë, Oskar Knudsen, Agust Guðmundsson, Hervé Guillou, Gilles Chazot, Jessica Langlade, Céline Liorzou, Philippe Nonnotte doi  openurl
  Title (down) Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland Type Journal
  Year 2020 Publication International Journal of Earth Sciences Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 109 Issue 3 Pages 847-876  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The Early Holocene (12–8.2 cal ka) deglaciation and pulsed warming was associated in Iceland with two major generations of jökulhlaups around the Vatna ice-cap (Vatnajökull), at ca 11.4–11.2 cal ka and ca 10.4–9.9 cal ka, and major tephra emissions from the Grímsvötn and Bárðarbunga subglacial volcanoes. The earliest flood events were recorded inland during the Middle Younger Dryas and their deposits were overlain by the Early Preboreal Vedde Ash (11.8 cal ka). The first Holocene flood events (ca 11.4–11.2 cal ka) are issued from a glacial advance. The second, and major, set of floods was partly driven by the Erdalen cold events and advances (10.1–9.7 10Be ka) initially issued from the Bárðarbunga (10.4, 10.1–9.9 ka) and Grímsvötn volcanoes (Saksunarvatn tephra complex, ca. 10.2–9.9 cal ka). These floods were also fed by the residual glacio-isostatic depressions below the Vatnajökull that enabled the storage of meltwaters in large subglacial lakes or aquifers until ca. 9.3 cal ka. This storage was enhanced by ice-damming and permafrost, especially during the twinned Erdalen events. Due to the glacio-isostatic rebound, the general slope was nearly flat, and the valley was partly filled with sediments until ca 10.8 cal ka. Temporary lacustrine deposits in this valley resulted from the very broad splay of waters as for the ca 11.2 cal ka and ca 10.1–9.9 cal ka flood, due to regional permafrost. These floods had a potential duration of several months as they were mostly fed by climate-driven meltwater. The maximal volume evacuated by these events did not greatly exceed 1 × 106 m3 s−1 from the flood-affected transverse profile of the valleys that remain partly filled with sediments.  
  Programme 316  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1437-3262 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8267  
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