| Records |
| Author |
Wookey James |
| Title |
Direct probabilistic inversion of shear wave data for seismic anisotropy
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Geophysical Journal International |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
189 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1025 -1037 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Shear wave splitting is perhaps the most unambiguous signature of the effect of anisotropic materials on the propagation of seismic waves. It has been used extensively to study anisotropy in the Earth, at global scales from the inner core to the tectonics of the uppermost mantle and crust, and at smaller scales for imaging deformation in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Well-established techniques exist for measuring shear wave splitting in a single (three-component) seismogram and more recently these have been extended to treat shear wave splitting in a tomographic fashion: determining non-uniform anisotropic models using large data sets of splitting measurements. Here, I propose an extension to a recent shear wave splitting tomography methodology which incorporates the data analysis into the inversion itself. This methodology uses a non-linear neighbourhood algorithm inversion to explore the parameter space defined by an anisotropic model consisting of a number of uniform domains. Each candidate model is assessed by applying the splitting it predicts to the entire data set. This approach is computationally expensive, but is highly amenable to parallelization. I apply the methodology to three simple synthetic cases to demonstrate the utility of the method. Finally, I apply the approach to the problem of inferring two-layer anisotropy from SKS splitting, which is a commonly attempted problem in global seismology. This uses data from the seismic station EKTN, where two-layer splitting has been previously inferred. This highlights some of the inherent trade-offs with such studies, and emphasizes the need to incorporate extra information to resolve these. This method is applicable to shear wave anisotropy analysis in a broad range of settings from global to reservoir scale.
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| Programme |
133 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis  |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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| Language |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0956-540X |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3841 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Joliet F. |
| Title |
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Type |
Conference - International - Article with Reading Comitee |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
1043 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3856 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Vultures of the Seas: Hyperacidic Stomachs in Wandering Albatrosses as an Adaptation to Dispersed Food Resources, including Fishery Wastes
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
e37834- |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
Public Library of Science |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1932-6203 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3882 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Robots in ecology: welcome to the machine
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Open journal of ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
49-57 |
| Keywords |
Animal Behavior;Biodiversity Monitoring;Autonomous Vehicle;Drone;Cyborg;Population Biology;Robot Ethics;Robotics Network, |
| Abstract |
Robots have primarily been developed for warfare, yet they also serve peaceful purposes. Their use in Ecology is in its infancy, but they may soon become essential tools in a broad variety of eco-logical sub-disciplines. Autonomous robots, in particular drones sent to previously inaccessi-ble areas, have revolutionized data acquisition, not only for abiotic parameters, but also for re-cording the behavior of undisturbed animals and collecting biological material. Robots will also play an essential role in population Ecology, as they will allow for automatic census of indi-viduals through image processing, or via detec-tion of animals marked electronically. These new technologies will enable automated experimen-tation for increasingly large sample sizes, both in the laboratory and in the field. Finally, inter-active robots and cyborgs are becoming major players in modern studies of animal behavior. Such rapid progress nonetheless raises ethical, environmental, and security issues.
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| Programme |
333 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2162-1985 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3958 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Physiological consequences of exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances, organochlorine compounds and mercury in an Arctic breeding seabird |
Type |
Thesis |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
330 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
6986 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Climate change and the ecology and evolution of Arctic vertebrates |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |
| Volume |
1249 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
166-190 |
| Keywords |
impacts, phenological changes, plasticity, range shifts, adaptations, threat, trophic interactions, mismatches, sea ice, tundra, parasites, geese, shorebirds, rodents, lemmings, large herbivores, seabirds, marine mammals, polar bear, |
| Abstract |
Climate change is taking place more rapidly and severely in the Arctic than anywhere on the globe, exposing Arctic vertebrates to a host of impacts. Changes in the cryosphere dominate the physical changes that already affect these animals, but increasing air temperatures, changes in precipitation, and ocean acidification will also affect Arctic ecosystems in the future. Adaptation via natural selection is problematic in such a rapidly changing environment. Adjustment via phenotypic plasticity is therefore likely to dominate Arctic vertebrate responses in the short term, and many such adjustments have already been documented. Changes in phenology and range will occur for most species but will only partly mitigate climate change impacts, which are particularly difficult to forecast due to the many interactions within and between trophic levels. Even though Arctic species richness is increasing via immigration from the South, many Arctic vertebrates are expected to become increasingly threatened during this century. |
| Programme |
388,1036 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Inc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1749-6632 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3962 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Picard G, Brucker L, Roy A, Dupont F, Fily M, Royer A, |
| Title |
Simulation of the microwave emission of multi-layered snowpacks using the dense media radiative transfer theory: the DMRT-ML model
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Geoscientific Model Development Discussions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
3647-3694 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
DMRT-ML is a physically-based numerical model designed to compute the thermal microwave emission of a given snowpack. Its main application is the simulation of brightness temperatures at frequencies in the range 1-200 GHz similar to those acquired routinely by space-based microwave radiometers. The model is based on the Dense Media Radiative Transfer (DMRT) theory for the computation of the snow scattering and extinction coefficients and on the Discrete Ordinate Method (DISORT) to numerically solve the radiative transfer equation. The snowpack is modeled as a stack of multiple horizontal snow layers and an optional underlying interface representing the soil or the bottom ice. The model handles both dry and wet snow conditions. Such a general design allows the user to account for a wide range of snow conditions. Hitherto, the model has been used to simulate the thermal emission of the deep firn on ice sheets, shallow snowpacks overlying soil in Arctic and Alpine regions, and overlying ice on the large ice-sheet margins and glaciers. DMRT-ML has thus been validated in three very different conditions: Antarctica, Barnes Ice Cap (Canada) and Canadian tundra. It has been recently used in conjunction with inverse methods to retrieve snow grain size from remote sensing data. The model is written in Fortran90 and available to the snow remote sensing community as an open-source software. |
| Programme |
1073 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1991-962X |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3968 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
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| Title |
A reassessment of the budget of formic and acetic acids in the boundary layer at Dumont d'Urville (coastal Antarctica): The role of penguin emissions on the budget of several oxygenated volatile organic compounds
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
117 |
Issue |
D6 |
Pages |
D06308- |
| Keywords |
carboxylic acids, formic and acetic acids, ornithogenic soil emission, oxygenated volatile compounds, 0315 Biosphere/atmosphere interactions, 0330 Geochemical cycles, 0365 Troposphere: composition and chemistry, |
| Abstract |
Initiated in 1997, the year-round study of formic and acetic acids was maintained until 2011 at the coastal Antarctic site of Dumont d'Urville. The records show that formic and acetic acids are rather abundant in summer with typical mixing ratios of 200 pptv and 700 pptv, respectively. With the aim to constrain their budget, investigations of their potential marine precursors like short-chain alkenes and acetaldehyde were initiated in 2011. Acetic acid levels in December 2010 were four times higher than those observed over summers back to 1997. These unusually high levels were accompanied by unusually high levels of ammonia, and by an enrichment of oxalate in aerosols. These observations suggest that the guano decomposition in the large penguin colonies present at the site was particularly strong under weather conditions encountered in spring 2010 (important snow storms followed by sunny days with mild temperatures). Although being dependent on environmental conditions, this process greatly impacts the local atmospheric budget of acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and acetone during the entire summer season. Present at levels as high as 500 pptv, acetaldehyde may represent the major precursor of acetic acid, alkene-ozone reactions remaining insignificant sources. Far less influenced by penguin emissions, the budget of formic acid remains not fully understood even if alkene-ozone reactions contribute significantly.
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| Programme |
414;903 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2156-2202 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3995 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Maternal antibody persistence: a neglected life-history trait with implications from albatross conservation to comparative immunology
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
279 |
Issue |
1735 |
Pages |
2033 -2041 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The evolution of different life-history strategies has been suggested as a major force constraining physiological mechanisms such as immunity. In some long-lived oviparous species, a prolonged persistence of maternal antibodies in offspring could thus be expected in order to protect them over their long growth period. Here, using an intergenerational vaccination design, we show that specific maternal antibodies can display an estimated half-life of 25 days post-hatching in the nestlings of a long-lived bird. This temporal persistence is much longer than previously known for birds and it suggests specific properties in the regulation of IgY immunoglobulin catabolism in such a species. We also show that maternal antibodies in the considered procellariiform species are functional as late as 20 days of age. Using a modelling approach, we highlight that the potential impact of such effects on population viability could be important, notably when using vaccination for conservation. These results have broad implications, from comparative immunology to evolutionary eco-epidemiology and conservation biology.
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| Programme |
333 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1471-2954 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
4003 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Bonadonna Francesco, Mardon Jerome, |
| Title |
Besides Colours and Songs, Odour is the New Black of Avian Communication
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Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
XII |
Issue |
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Pages |
325-339- |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
354 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
Springer New York |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
978-1-4614-5926-2 |
Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
4007 |
| Permanent link to this record |
