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Peron C. (2011). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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. (2012). Research priorities for seabirds: improving conservation and management in the 21st century. 1613-4796, 17.
Abstract: Seabirds are facing a growing number of threats in both terrestrial and marine habitats, and many populations have experienced dramatic changes over past decades. Years of seabird research have improved our understanding of seabird populations and provided a broader understanding of marine ecological processes. In an effort to encourage future research and guide seabird conservation science, seabird researchers from 9 nations identified the 20 highest priority research questions and organized these into 6 general categories: (1) population dynamics, (2) spatial ecology, (3) tropho-dynamics, (4) fisheries interactions, (5) response to global change, and (6) management of anthropogenic impacts (focusing on invasive species, contaminants and protected areas). For each category, we provide an assessment of the current approaches, challenges and future directions. While this is not an exhaustive list of all research needed to address the myriad conservation challenges seabirds face, the results of this effort represent an important synthesis of current expert opinion across sub-disciplines within seabird ecology. As this synthesis highlights, research, in conjunction with direct management, education, and community engagement, can play an important role in facilitating the conservation and management of seabird populations and of the ocean ecosystems on which they and we depend.
Programme: 333;388
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. (2012). Thermal acclimation capacity for four Arctic marine benthic species
. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 424425, 38–43.
Keywords: Climate change, CTmax, Limit, Polar, Temperature, Warming,
Programme: 1090
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. (2012). Specific pathways for the incorporation of dissolved barium and molybdenum into the bivalve shell: An isotopic tracer approach in the juvenile Great Scallop (Pecten maximus)
. Mar. Environ. Res., 78, 15–25.
Keywords: Isotopes, Femtosecond laser ablation, Scallop shell, Barium, Molybdenum, Pecten maximus, Tracers, Biogeochemical cycle,
Programme: 1090
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. (2012). Comparative phylogeography of three trematomid fishes reveals contrasting genetic structure patterns in benthic and pelagic species
. Marine Genomics, 8, 23–34.
Abstract: Population genetics patterns of marine fish in general and of Southern Ocean fish in particular range from virtual panmixia over ocean-wide scale to deeply fragmented populations. However the causes underlying these different patterns are not properly understood. In this paper, we tested the hypotheses that population connectivity is positively related to a combination of life history traits, namely duration of pelagic larval period and the tendency towards pelagic life style in the adulthood. To do so, we analysed the variability of six microsatellite and one mitochondrial marker (cytochrome b) in three Southern Ocean fish species (Trematomus newnesi, Trematomus hansoni and Trematomus bernacchii). They share a recent common ancestor but notably differ in their duration of pelagic larval period as well as pelagic versus benthic lifestyle. We sampled over a range of more than 5000 km for all three species and used a number of population genetics tools to investigate past and contemporary levels of connectivity. All species experienced population fluctuations, but coalescent simulations suggested that contemporary populations are in migration-drift equilibrium. Although global FST values were rather low, a significant population structure separated the High-Antarctic from the Peninsular regions in all species. The level of genetic differentiation was much lower in the pelagic versus benthic species. Present data suggest that past and present genetic structuring in the Southern Ocean are indeed related with the ecological traits of Antarctic fish, however the relative importance of individual factors remains unclear.
Keywords: Microsatellite markers, Mitochondrial, Larval duration, Glaciations, Notothenioidei, Life history,
Programme: 1142
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. (2012). Measurement of the 17O-excess (17O) of tropospheric ozone using a nitrite-coated filter
. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 26(10), 1219–1231.
Abstract: RATIONALE
Programme: 1011
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Sims, G., M. C. B. Ashley, X. Cui, J. R. Everett, L. Feng, X. Gong, S. Hengst, Z. Hu, C. Kulesa, J. S. Lawrence, D. M. Luong-Van, P. Ricaud, Z. Shang, J. W. V. Storey, L. Wang, H. Yang, J. Yang, X. Zhou, Z. Zhu. (2012). Precipitable Water Vapor above Dome A, Antarctica, Determined from Diffuse Optical Sky Spectra. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 124(911), 74–83.
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. (2012). Nitrous acid at Concordia (inland site) and Dumont d'Urville (coastal site), East Antarctica
. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 117(D8), D08303–.
Keywords: East Antarctica, LOPAP, nitrous acid, 0322 Constituent sources and sinks, 0365 Troposphere: composition and chemistry, 0368 Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry,
Programme: 414;903
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. (2012). Vibrations of Mertz Glacier ice tongue, East Antarctica
. Journal of Glaciology, 58(210), 665–676.
Abstract: At the time of its calving in February 2010, Mertz Glacier, East Antarctica, was characterized by a 145 km long, 35 km wide floating tongue. In this paper, we use GPS data from the Collaborative Research into Antarctic Calving and Iceberg Evolution (CRAC-ICE) 2007/08 and 2009/10 field seasons to investigate the dynamics of Mertz Glacier. Two months of data were collected at the end of the 2007/08 field season from two kinematic GPS stations situated on each side of the main rift of the glacier tongue and from rock stations located around the ice tongue during 2008/09. Using Precise Point Positioning with integer ambiguity fixing, we observe that the two GPS stations recorded vibrations of the ice tongue with several dominant periods. We compare these results with a simple elastic model of the ice tongue and find that the natural vibration frequencies are similar to those observed. This information provides a better understanding of their possible effects on rift propagation and hence on the glacier calving processes.
Programme: 688;1050
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. (2012). Observation of low shear wave velocity at the base of the polar ice sheets: evidence for enhanced anisotropy
. Geophysical Journal International , 190 (1 ), 391–405 .
Abstract: We analyse seismic data from the broad-band stations located on the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets to determine the large-scale seismic parameters of the polar ice sheets. The P-to-S converted waves at the ice/rock interface and inside the ice sheets and their multiples (the P receiver functions) are used to estimate the in situ P velocity Vp and the P-to-S velocity ratio Vp/Vs of the polar ice. The thickness of the whole ice layer is precisely known either from radio echo soundings or from ice core drillings allowing thus an accurate determination of Vp and Vp/Vs. At some places in and near the Wilkes Basin, a sedimentary layer is probably squeezed between the ice and the bedrock. We find that the polar ice caps have a two-layer structure, the upper layer of variable thickness about 2/3 of the total thickness with velocities very close to the ice standard values and the lower layer preserving a standard Vp but with about 25 per cent smaller shear wave velocity and a more or less constant thickness. The shear-velocity drop in the lower layer may be the evidence of a strong anisotropy induced by preferred orientation of ice crystals and by fine layering of soft and hard ice layers. A large variation of ice viscosity with depth is therefore expected and heterogeneous flowing of the polar ice sheet. This heterogeneous flowing may invalidate the use at great depth of the ice dating models based on monotonic layer thinning.
Programme: 906
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